A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the physical activity levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) at Cheras Health Clinic in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 132 subjects (62 men and 70 women) aged 30 years and above participated in this study. Data was collected using an interview based questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic and health profile information. Physical activity was assessed using a shortened version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Anthropometric measurements and body fat were also taken. Glycaemic status, that is, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and 2 hours post-prandial (2-HPP) were obtained from medical records. Results showed that the mean age of the patients was 51.9 + 5.8 years. The majority of patients had poor glycaemic control based on HbA1c (70.7%), FBS (71.9%) and 2HPP (85.4%). Patients who were unmarried and aged(60 years and above had a lower physical activity level (p<0.05). In the older age group, low physical activity was associated with poor glycaemic control (p<0.05). Patients in the moderate and high physical activity level were motivated to perform physical activity so as to be healthy (68.1%). Low physical activity level among patients was due to lack of time (54.5%) and lack of energy (21.2%). In conclusion, physical activity levels of the patients were unsatisfactory and associated with poor glycaemic control, especially in the elderly. There is a need to encourage diabetic patients to undertake regular physical activity in order to achieve optimal glycaemic control.

This paper presents a case of a 53 year old, Filipino male, known to have Chronic Hepatitis B infection, presenting with bloatedness and unintentional weight loss attributed to a 21.3cm x 18.2cm x 16.6cm right liver mass with radiographic features pathognomonic for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. An incidental finding of a right renal mass measuring 3.5cm x 3.2cm x 3.4cm is seen in the inferoposterior pole was noted. Multidisciplinary team collectively decided to proceed with outright surgical resection of both hepatic and renal masses over preoperative biopsies of the masses. Histopathologic report of the Right Hemihepatectomy and Right Partial Nephrectomy confirmed the occurrence of a Double Primary Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stage IB and Renal Cell Carcinoma Stage I. The postoperative course is unremarkable, and given a locoregional disease, the patient will undergo active surveillance for tumor recurrence. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of double primary malignancy of the liver and kidney to be diagnosed and simultaneously resected in the Philippines.Improved prognosis of cancer patients and diagnostic modalities contributed to increasing number of reported cases with multiple primary malignancy. In the absence of a set standard of care, multidisciplinary approach has become of greater value in balancing the risks and benefits of selected timely interventions to the patients.