Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis ; methods

Objective To establish an analytical method to investigate the protective effect of reversed lipid-based nanoparti-cle(RLBN)for topotecan(TPT)in artificial intestinal fluid. Methods Reversed lipid-based nanoparticle of TPT(RLBN-TPT)was prepared by the two-step methods of lyophilization and dissolution. An analytical method was established to determine the concentra-tions of both forms of TPT by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Release curve of RLBN-TPT in simulated intestinal flu-id(SIF)was investigated to study the stability of TPT in gastrointestinal(GI)fluid. Results Both lactone and carboxylate forms of TPT were well separated and determined precisely by the optimized HPLC method. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 0.25-5μg/ml for both forms of TPT. Compared with free TPT,RLBN-TPT significantly improved the stability of TPT in SIF as the per-centage of carboxylate form was remarkably lower than the free TPT(P<0.05). Conclusion RLBN can significantly protect the TPT from hydrolysis in GI,which may lay the foundation for the deuelopment of oral chemotherapeutic drug with higher bioavailability.

Objective To investigate the pathologic bases of MRI manifestations of rabbit VX2 hepatic carcinoma.Methods 32 foci of hepatic carcinoma models in 20 rabbits VX2 were set up by implantation.Plain MR examinations in all rabbits and contrast-enhanced MR scan in 10 rabbits(15 foci) were performed 2~4 weeks after implantation.The largest transverse section specimens of all the tumors were obtained for imaging-pathology comparative study after MR scan.Results All the 32 tumors were detectable on both T1WI and T2WI.The size of the tumors ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 cm in diameter.6 foci showed homogeneous slight hyperintense on T2WI,the other 26 showed characteristic intratumoral signal intensity on T2WI,including "nodule in nodule"sign in 5 foci,"target"sign in 7 foci,and "dot and color"sign in 14 foci.The characteristic intratumoral signal showed on T2WI were pathologically testified as necrotic tumor tissue of different structures.All the 15 tumors with contrast-enhanced scan appeared annular enhancement in different degrees,slight enhancement in 6,medium enhancement in 7 and obvious enhancement in 2.The sinusoidlike vascular space between tumor cells were significantly dilated in the obvious enhancement cases,and there were many spots of necrosis in the slight enhancement tumors under microscope.Conclusion The tectology of intratumoral necrosis can be evaluated by T2WI.Enhanced degree after administration of contrast agent in the hepatic cancer in rabbit model is associated with dilating degrees of sinusoidlike vascular space and number of dotted necrosis of tumors.

Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of same-session bilateral and staged unilateral flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy ( FURL) with holmium laser for the treatment of upper urinary system stones . Methods Clinical data of 29 patients who underwent same-session bilateral FURL ( same-session group ) and 20 patients who received staged unilateral FURL ( staged group ) from September 2012 to May 2015 at this hospital were analyzed retrospectively .The overall operation time ,overall hospital stay , stone free rate (SFR) and overall complication rate were compared between the two groups . Results The operations were successfully completed in both groups.The overall operative time was significantly longer for staged unilateral FURL than bilateral FURL [(71.0 ± 19.0) min vs.(112.6 ±26.8) min, t=-6.366, P=0.000].The overall hospital stay was slightly longer for staged unilateral FURL than bilateral FURL [(6.9 ±3.6) d vs.(8.4 ±2.1 ) d, t=-1.674, P=0.101].The four-week postoperative SFR for bilateral FURL and staged unilateral FURL were 79.3%(23/29) and 80.0%(16/20), respectively (χ2 =0.000, P=1.000).The overall complication rate was slightly higher for bilateral FURL [20.7% (6/29) vs.15.0% (3/20), χ2 =0.017, P=0.896]. Conclusion Same-session bilateral flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective treatment for bilateral upper urinary system stones in select patients .

Objective:To establish a method of morphologic measurement of the mandibles and obtain the average values of three dimensional morphologic measurements of the mandibles .Methods: A me-thod of morphologic measurement of the mandibles was established firstly .The three dimensional CT data of 54 normal adult skulls were measured by this method .The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 statistical software.Results:In the study, 84 groups of mean values and standard deviations of the length , width, height, depth, thickness and angle of the mandibular contour in males and females were obtained .There were significant differences between the male and the female in the 66 of the 84 groups data , while the 16 of the 84 groups data had no significant differences and distributed symmetry on both sides of the mandi -bles .No correlation was found in the mandibular contour data in length , width , height and depth .Con-clusion:The characteristics of adult mandibular contours are different between males and females , indi-cating that each individual has its own morphologic features .

A commonly used Chinese crude drug Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus has been shown to possess good anticancer activities and related properties such as antioxidation, nitrite scavenging, nitrosamine synthesis blocking and immune enhancement, and has been widely used as an effective auxiliary drug in the treatment of some malignant tumors. This paper systematically reviews the advances in the study of anticancer-related activities of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus's various components such as raw juice, extracts, saponins, volatile oil, polysaccharides, nitrogen compounds, etc.
Allium ; chemistry ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Oils, Volatile ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

Objective To study the safety over the atlanto-odontoid joint of the cervical spine during oblique-pulling manipulation.Methods The contact stress of the atlanto-odontoid joint in physiologic unstable conditions with and without pulling-and-extending of seven cadaveric specimans of cervical spine were observed with a biomechanical electric measuring apparatus and oblique-pulling device.Results The ratio of contact stress in pulling-and-extending condition,physiologic condition and pathologic condition is 1∶1.2∶9.4.Under normal physiologic condition,the stress in posterior extension is greater than that in anterior flexion,but less than in neutral position.Conclusion A better option of the manipulation position is to put the patient′s head at a slight flexion when a certain pulling-extending force is applied.In patient with severe degenerative changes of the cervical spine and unstability,the amplitude of rotation and the force of manipulation should be decreased.

Objective To explore early diagnostic methods for ulnar impaction syndrome on the basis of suggested criteria.Methods From December 1998 to December 2004,123 cases complained of ulnar pain.They were checked and diagnosed according to the criteria of Yu-dong Gu,and especially,the results of wrist MRL Forty-eight of them were diagnosed as ulnar impactinn syndrome.A retrospective study was done to analyze the char- acteristies of X-ray and MRI in examining ulnar impaction syndrome,clinical symptoms of the wrist,and the association between Chun & Palmer's scoring systems and imaging manifestations.Results Most of the cases of ulnar impaction syndrome had positive lunar variance (68.8%).Carpal avascular necrosis was found in about 27.1% of the cases through X-ray examination of the wrist,64.7% of whom were lunar osteonecrosis.Abnormal changes in signal intensity occurred in the MRI findings of the syndrome cases.The carpal necrosis was always located at the ulnar side of lunare or (and) at the waist and bottom of triquetrum.There was a close relationship between clinical symptoms and Chun & Palmer's grading systems and carpal imaging,MRI in particular Conclusion Early diagnosis of ulnar impaction syndrome can be made easily on the basis of deep understanding of the syndrome,clinical symptoms,and findings of imaging,especially MRI.

Objective To study the epidemiology and genotypes of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) that caused community-onset bloodstream infections (COBSI) in 9 county hospitals of Zhejiang Province.Methods This is a multi-center, prospective, observational study.The cases and isolates with COBSI caused by EC and KP were consecutively collected from 9 county hospitals in Zhejiang Province between 1st March 2014 and 30th April 2015.The double disk diffusion method was used to confirm the production of ESBL.The ESBL genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification and sequence analysis.Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used to analyze the homology of ESBL-producing isolates.Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of frequently used drugs for ESBL-producing isolates was determined by in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Results During the study period, a total of 172 cases with COBSI were collected and 171 cases were eligible, among which 126 were caused by EC and 45 were caused by KP.The overall prevalence of ESBL was 34.5% (59/171),and the prevalence of ESBL-EC and-KP was 41.3% (52/126) and 15.6% (7/45), respectively.CTX-M-type ESBL accounted for 96.6% (57/59) of all the ESBLs-producing isolates, and the most common type was CTX-M-14 (27.1%, 16/59), followed by CTX-M-55 (22%, 13/59).MLST analyses revealed significant genetic diversity among ESBL-EC and-KP.The most prevalent ST of ESBL-EC was ST131 (23.1%).In addition to carbapenems, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, moxalactam, amikacin and fosfomycin also showed good in-vitro activity against ESBL-EC and-KP.Conclusions The prevalence of ESBL in EC and KP is high in 9 county hospitals of Zhejiang Province, and the most common genotypes are CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-55.The detection rate of ESBL in EC is higher than in KP.It could be considered adequate empirical therapy according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Carbapenems, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, moxalactam, amikacin and fosfomycin have good in-vitro activity against ESBL-EC and-KP.

Objective To observe the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, assessment of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) effect on the level of HbA1c in patients with OSAHS. Methods From January 2013 to December 2016, eighty patients with OSAHS were divided into mild group, eighteen cases, moderate group twenty cases, severe group forty-two cases according to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI). Thirty healthy subjects were chosen as the control group. All the treatment groups were treated with CPAP for three months. Overnight polysomnography and HbA1c test were performed before and after treatment, and the control group was examined by HbA1c before treatment. Results The level of glycosylated hemoglobin in the middle and severe group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the glycated hemoglobin levels in the moderate and severe groups were significantly lower(P<0.05), and the sleep apnea hypopnea index, the lowest SaO2 and the average SaO2 level were significantly improved(P<0.01). Conclusion Glycated hemoglobin levels increased significantly in patients with moderate and severe OSAHS, and decreased HbA1c levels in patients with moderate and severe OSAHS after CPAP treatment.