China has high prevalence of gastric cancer, with the morbidity and mortality leading the list of malignancy. The conditions of diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in China fail to meet the need of a large number of patients because of restriction in re-gional development. Therefore, we are facing a very serious situation of fighting against gastric cancer. Multidiscipline, individualiza-tion, and standardization are the development tendency of diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Numerous topics about gastric cancer are currently controversial and solutions to these problems depend on the development of evidence-based medicine. This re-view summarized the recent progress in the clinical methods used for stomach cancer, laparoscopic surgical techniques, diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer, conversion therapy of advanced gastric cancer, therapeutic strategy of esophageal-gastric junction cancer, enhanced recovery after surgery, and translational research and clinical trials of gastric cancer. Moreover, the foci and prob-lems of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer were discussed to provide reference for further studies.

0.05). Platelet decreased significantly in group A (P

EGFR/HER-2 is an attractive therapeutic target for solid tumors.Lapatinib is an orally administered dual inhibitor of EGFR/HER-2 tyosine kinases.Preclinical experiments in vitro and in vivo models indicate that lapatinib is active against various solid tumors.Phase Ⅰ trials have shown an acceptable adverse event.Phase Ⅱand Ⅲ trials demonstrate the promising results for the treatment of metastatic,refractory,inflammatory,or brain metastatic breast cancer.With the further developments of biology,the molecular targeted chemotherapy becomes a novel adjuvant therapy for advanced breast cancer patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is an autoimmune disease that affects primarily women,commonly in their reproductive years but does not influence fertility.More recent prospective studies indicate that pregnancy is safe for the majority of mothers if it is planned when SLE is quiescent.In pregnant women with lupus nephritis,the outcome of the fetal and maternal is strongly correlated with lupus activity,kidney function and the presence of aPL at the time of conception.To prevent renal complications,prednisone is given after conception,and reinforcement for a few days before the estimated delivery and for a week after delivery or miscarriage with rapid tapering to maintenance levels may be suggested.Treatment of flares includes corticosteroids,hydroxychloroquine,azothioprine and cyclosporin A.Blood pressure is controlled with methyldopa,labetalol nifedipine or hydralazine.

Objective To investigate the effects of minocycline on regional cerebral blood flow and the expression of endothe-lin-1(ET-1) in ischemic penumbra of rats after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury .Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with nylon suture was used to be established as focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion mode (I/R) ,a total of 35 male Spra-geue-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups :sham-operated group(n= 10) ,model group(n= 15) and minocycline group (n= 15) .After 24 hours of I/R ,The neurobehavioral function of rats was evaluated by Longa′s test ,the regional cerebral blood flow in ischemic penumbra was assessed with laser-Doppler flowmetry .After 6 and 24 hours of I/R ,the expression of ET-1 in peri-in-farct region was measured by both immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay .Results Compared with sham-group ,the Longa′s test scales ,ET-1 protein expression increased and the rCBF decreased in ischemic penumbra in model group(P< 0 .05) .the Longa′s test scales ,ET-1 protein expression decreased and the rCBF decreased in ischemic penumbra in minocycline group when compared to the model group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Minocycline could promote neurological functional recovery of rats after MCAO ,which might be attributed to increase the cerebral blood flow and regulate the endothelin-1 expression in ischemic penumbra .

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of isolated pontine infarction as well as the influencing factors for early progressive motor deficits (PMD) and short-term prognosis.Methods A total of 86 patients with isolated pontine infarction who admitted in hospital within 24 hours of symptom onset were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into paramedian pontine infarction (PPI) and lacunar pontine infarction (LPI) according to the maximal diameter of the lesions and the locations of infarction.They were divided into either a PMD group or a non-PMD group according to the early status of PMD.They were also divided into a poor outcome group (mRS score ＞ 2) and a good outcome group (mRS score ≤ 2) according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge.The clinical and imaging features of the different patient groups were compared.Results The patients' constituent ratios of hyperlipidemia (57.14％ vs.33.33％;x2 =4.80,P=0.028),hemiplegia (97.14％ vs.72.55％;x2 =8.718,P=0.003),basilar artery stenosis (45.71％ vs.17.65％;x2=7.930,P=0.005) and poor outcome at discharge (54.29％ vs.31.37％ ; x2 =4.515,P =0.034),and the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (6.00 ± 2.39 vs.4.61 ± 3.41; t =2.087,P =0.040) in the PPI group (n =35) were significantly higher than those in the LPI group (n =51).The constituent ratios of the baseline diastolic blood pressure levels (97.82 ± 15.61 mm Hg vs.89.55 ± 12.23 mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa; t =2.258,P =0.031),PPI (63.64％ vs.32.81％ ;x2 =6.445,P =0.011) and basilar artery stenosis (59.10％ vs.18.75％ ;x2 =12.922,P =0.000) in the PMD group (n =22) were significantly higher than those in the non-PMD group (n =64).The baseline NIHSS scores (6.80 ± 2.63 vs.3.73 ± 2.55; t =5.426,P =0.000),fasting blood glucose levels (9.40 ±5.15 mmol/L vs.6.56 ±2.69 mmol/L; t =2.985,P=0.004) and the constituent ratios of PPI patients (54.29％ vs.31.37％ ;x2 =4.515,P =0.034) in the poor outcome group (n =35) were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group (n =51).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that basilar artery stenosis was an independent risk factor for the onset of PPI (odds ratio [OR] 3.801,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.357-10.646; P =0.011) and the early PMD of isolated pontine infarction (OR 4.571,95％ CI 1.214-17.214; P=0.025).The baseline NIHSS score ≥ 5 was its independent predictor for poor outcome (OR 4.277,95％ OR 1.505-12.151; P =0.006).Conelusions PPI is mainly associated with the lesions in the branches of basilar artery.The baseline NIHSS score ≥ 5 may be an independent predictor for short-term poor outcome of isolated pontine infarction.Its early PMD and short-term poor outcome may be associated with the basilar artery lesions.

Objective To study the relationship between gastrin and c-myc, c-fos expression in colorectal cancerous tissue and the mechanism of gastrin effect on colorectal cancer.Methods The gastrin and c-myc, c-fos expression in 48 cases of colorectal cancerous tissue and cancer-adjacent mucosa were detected with immunohistochemistry techniques. Results　The positive rate of gastrin in colorectal cancerous tissue was 39.58%. The rate of the well differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that of the poorly differentiated and mucinous adenocarcinoma(P＜0.05). The positive rates of c-myc and c-fos in colorectal cancerous tissue were higher than those in cancer-adjacent and normal mucosa. The positive rate of c-myc and c-fos in the group with gastrin positive expression were 78.94% and 73.68%, higher than those in the group with negative gastrin expression(37.93% and 31.04%). Conclusion Some of colorectal cancer cells formed and secreted gastrin through autocrine. The increase of c-myc, c-fos etc oncogene expression probably stimulate the cancer cells proliferation.

BACKGROUND: The implanted cartilage calls can synthesize cartilage matrix as cartilage in cartilage tissue enginsedng, and the density of implanted cells is the key point.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of cell seeding concentration on the chondrogenic differentiation of the adipose dadved sromal cells (ADSCs).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro cellular-scaffold observation was performed at the cytobiological laboratory of China Medical University from November 2007 to July 2008.MATERIALS: Six male SD rata with clean grade were supplied by the Experimental Animal Center of China Medical University.METHODS: Totally 5 g/L type ; collagen solution and 20 g/L chitosan was mixed in a mould with volume ratio of 7:3, after lyophillization, it was cut into pieces with 5 mm ～ 5 mm x 2 mm, followed by crosslinking with ethanol contained of 2% chondroitic acid at room temperature. After washing with double distilled water and freeze drying, the chitosan-collagen-chondroitin sulfate copolymar matrices scaffolds were harvested. ADSCs isolated from rat inguinal fat pads were digested with collagenase and trypsase. The prepared scaffolds were randomly divided into 3 groups, and the third passage cells with density of 2×10 9/L,2×10 109/L, and 2×10 11/L were seeded into chitosan-coflagen-chondroitin sulfate scaffolds, and cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of cartilage specificity gene was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining, type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.RESULTS: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that after 3 weeks of culture, the cell proliferated and differentiated well, especially in 2x101～/L group, more extrocelluer matrices were produced and cartilage lacuna-structure could be seen. The type Ⅱ collagen was positive expressed in each group, which showed a gradually increasing tendency with the cell seeding concentration increasing. RT-PCR showed that the expression of proteoglycen and type Ⅱ collagen mRNA were slowly increased. However the expression of Ⅹ collagen mRNA was decreased with increasing cell seeding concentration.CONCLUSION: The chitosan-collagen-chondroitin sulfate copolymer matrices can provide an appropdate environment for the generation of cartilage-like tissues and high call seeding concentration of 2×1010/L facilitate ADSCs to differentiate into cartilage.