AIM:To optimize the processing parameters of Semen raphani by uniform design. METHODS:In order to compare the change of Semen raphani in quality before and after simple stir-frying,allyl glucosinolate was selected as the internal standard. The relative content of glucosinolate was determined by HPLC and the processing parameters were optimized. RESULTS:The glucosinolate content gradually decreased as the processing time increased,maxima in HPLC peak area appeared at 200-250 ℃ and in the range of 1-1. 5 min and the content of glucosinolate in the processed Semen rahani was 4. 2 times as great as that in the non-stir-frying. CONCLUSION:It shows that the optimized processing of Semen raphami is beneficial for the conservation of glucosinolates.

Objective To observe the level of reduced glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG)in a mouse bone cell line MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to fluoride.Methods MTT method was used to detect cell viability of M C3T3-E1 cells exposed to varying concentrations and periods of fluoride [F-concentration:0(control),0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,12.0,20.0 mg/L; F-periods:1,2,4 and 10 days].The Xevo TQ MS was employed to test the levels of GSH,GSSG and glutamine (Gln).Results The MC3T3-E1 cell viability was significantly higher in the 2 mg/L group(0.57 ± 0.05) 1 day after the exposure compared to the respective control(0.49 ± 0.03,P ＜0.01); conversely,cell viability was markedly lower in the 8 mg/L(0.49 ± 0.07) and 12 mg/L(0.47 ± 0.09)groups 4 days after the exposure in comparison to the control(0.63 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The cell viability in the 8 mg/L group(1.52 ± 0.29) 10 days after the exposure was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.86 ± 0.23,P ＜ 0.01),however,the value in the 20.0 mg/L group (0.54 ± 0.07) was significantly lower(P ＜0.01).The level of cell GSH decreased significantly in the 20 mg/L groups 2 days[(13.92 ± 4.63)μmol/L]and 10 days [(0.53 ± 0.30)μmol/L]after exposure compared to the respective comtrols [(26.42 ± 3.67),(24.85 ± 5.68)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01].The level of cell GSSG markedly increased in the 2 mg/L group 2 days [(1.12 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]and the 8 mg/L group 4 days [(2.13 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]after exposure compared to the controls[(0.55 ± 0.22),(1.46 ± 0.46)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].The similar change was observed in the 8 mg/L group[(2.97 ± 1.30)μmol/L] 10 days after exposure compared to the control [(1.35 ± 0.50)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05].The level of Glndecreased significantly in the 2 mg/L group[ (62.80 ± 17.4l)μ mol/L] 4 days and in the 8 and 20 mg/L groups 10 days[ (122.26 ± 19.51), (19.38 ± 8.11)μmol/L] after exposure compared to the controls [ (83.28 ±14.32), ( 147.15± 16.95) μmol/L , all P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ]. Conclusions Fluoride exposure can significantly promote the changes of GSH, GSSG and Gln levels in the osteoblast, thus affecting the intracellular redox equilibrium.

Objective: To investigate the activities of daily living and the use of assistive devices among disabled people demanding assistive devices in Jiading Township, Jiading District, Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide the evidence for the implementation of rehabilitation interventions and the selection of assistive devices for the disabled people living in the community. Methods: The disabled people demanding assistive devices were sampled from 17 communities in Jiading Township in January 2020. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect participants'age, gender, type of disability, provision and use of assistive devices. The activities of daily living were evaluated using the Activities of Daily Living Scale, and the difference in the frequency of assistive device use was compared among the disabled people with different activities of daily living. Results: A total of 377 questionnaires were allocated, and 328 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 87.00%. The respondents included 187 men ( 57.01% ) and 141 women (42.99%), and had a mean age of ( 71.78±13.86 ) years. Among all respondents, limb disability was predominant (248 people, 75.61%), and 84.45% (277 people) were provided with assistive devices. Assessment of activities of daily living showed complete self-care in 85 respondents ( 25.91% ), functional decline in 39 respondents ( 11.89% ) and functional dysfunction in 204 respondents ( 62.20% ). The proportion of functional dysfunction was predominantly detected among disabled people at ages of 80 years and older ( 79.63% ) ( P<0.05 ). Of the disabled people with assistive devices, 139 people used the devices daily ( 50.18% ), and the proportion of daily use of assistive devices was significantly higher in people with functional dysfunctions than in those with complete self-care ( 59.33% vs. 29.41%; P<0.05 ). In addition, no need was identified as the predominant cause of non-provision of assistive devices ( 29 people, 56.86% ). Conclusions Functional dysfunction of daily living is highly prevalent among the disabled people demanding assistive devices in Jiading Township, in whom the elderly are predominant, and the proportion of assistive device use is high among people with functional dysfunctions. The provision of assistive devices recommends to be improved based on assessment of activities of daily living.

Objective : To identify spatio-temporal distribution patterns of mumps in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2019, so as to provide insights into precise control of mumps. Methods : The epidemiological data pertaining to mumps in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2019 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The time- and region-specific incidence of mumps was descriptively analyzed, and the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of mumps incidence were identified using global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses and spatio-temporal scan analysis. Results : A total of 167 196 cases of mumps were reported in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2019, and the incidence of mumps reduced from 56.08/105 in 2008 to 11.35/105 in 2019, with a reduction of 79.76%. There was no remarkable mumps seasonality since 2017; however, spatial autocorrelation was seen in mumps incidence in 2008, 2011 and 2012, respectively ( Moran's I coefficient=0.16, 0.18, 0.16; all P<0.05 ). Spatio-temporal scan analysis identified five spatio-temporal clusters of mumps incidence in 2008, 2011 and 2012, and the most likely spatio-temporal cluster was mainly concentrated in Cangnan County of Wenzhou City, covering 17 counties clustered in the time frame from 15 January 2008 to 28 February 2009, while the other four clusters were concentrated in Pinghu City of Jiaxing City, Kaihua County of Quzhou City, Fuyang District of Hangzhou City and Zhuji City of Shaoxing City, clustered in the time frame from 15 January 2008 to 30 June 2012. Conclusion The incidence of mumps appeared a tendency towards a reduction in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2019, and rebounded in some regions. No remarkable mumps seasonality was seen since 2017. The spatio-temporal clusters of mumps incidence were concentrated in Wenzhou and Jiaxing cities of Zhejiang Province in 2008, 2011 and 2012; however, no spatial cluster was identified since 2012.

AIM: Osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line was used to investigate the effect of antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) on survivin expression and its inducible effect on tumor cells apoptosis. METHODS: ASODN of specific target survivin was designed, synthesized and then transfer to OS-732 cell line with different concentrations and time points. At the same time blank control group, sense oligonucleotide (SOND) group were set up for comparison. Reverse tanscriptionase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of survivin mRNA and protein in each OS-732 cell line group. Acridine orange /ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis level and morphologic change. Mononuclear cell direct cytotoxicity assay (MTT) was used to estimate cell growth suppression. Kinase activity assay method was used to estimate the activity of caspase-3 in the cells. RESULTS: Compared with control group and SOND group, in ASODN groups, the expression of survivin mRNA and protein were obviously weaken, apoptosis rate and caspase-3 activity apparently increased, cells growth was inhibited. In each ASODN group, the effect above-mentioned has time- and concentration-dependent manner. There was no obviously difference of each index in each SODN and blank control groups. CONCLUSION: ASODN down-regulated the expression of survivin gene in OS-732 cell line specifically, and activated apoptosis effectively. It plays an important role in inducing tumor apoptosis and suppressing cell proliferation.

Objective To observe the protein and gene expression of immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP) in the femur of fluoride-treated rats, and preliminarily study the possible role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups according to body weight, n =15. The control and low-calcium groups were fed with normal diet(0.79％ calcium) and low-calcium diet(0.063％ calcium), respectively, and both drank tap water(fluoride concentrations ＜ 1 mg/L). High-fluoride and coexpesure to low-calcium groups were fed with conventional feed (0.79％ calcium) and low-calcium diet (0.063％ calcium), respectively, and both drank tap water containing sodium fluoride (sodium fluoride concentration of 221 mg/L). During experimental period, rats were measured body weight once a week with a stand diet and water available ad libitum. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The immunohistochemical and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) techniques were used to detect the protein and gene expression of BiP in the femur of fluoride-treated rats and control subjects. Results The bone mineral contents of high fluoride, lowcalcium and coexposure groups[(0.131 ± 0019), (0.097 ± 0.011 ), (0.083 ± 0.007)g/cm] were lower than those of the control group[(0.159 ± 0.029)g/cm, all P ＜ 0.05]; the bone mineral density of low calcium and coexpesure to fluoride group[(0.243 ± 0.018), (0.223 ± 0.022)g/cm2] was lower than that of the control group[(0.296 ± 0.046)g/cm2, all P ＜ 0.05]. The immunohistochemical staining showed that the anti-BiP antibody positive osteoblasts were significantly increased in the low calcium diet and coexposure to fluoride groups than that in the control, and coexposure to fluoride elevated the positive cells than that in only low calcium diet group. The mRNA expression of osteopontin(OPN) and osteocalcin(OCN) in coexposure to fluoride with low-calcium group(1.36 ± 0.20, 1.31 ±0.11 ) was higher than that of the control groups (0.82 ± 0.16, 0.85 ± 0.15, all P ＜ 0.05) ; moreover, OPN expression significantly increased in this group than that of the only high fluoride group (0.97 ± 0.29, P ＜ 0.05). The mRNA expression of BiP in the low calcium and coposure to fluoride group (1.38 ± 0.24,1.35 ± 0.12) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 1.14 ± 0.06, all P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Higher fluoride or coexposure to low calcium diet stimulates the gene and protein expression in rat femur BiP, indicating that varying degrees of endoplasmic reticulum stress is likely involved in the pathogenesis of rat skeletal fluorosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the root of Hemerocallis fulva.

METHODCompounds were isolated by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI gel, etc. column chromatography and their structures were determined by spectral analyses and physicochemical properties.

RESULTFrom the n-butanol fraction of the EtOH extract of the roots of H. fulva, 9 glycosides were isolated and identified as sweroside (1), laganin (2), picraquassioside C (3), puerarin (4), 3'-methoxypuerarin (5), 7-hydro xylnaphthalide-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), orcinol-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (7), HN saponin F (8), hederagenin-3-0-beta D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (9).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-9 were isolated from the genus Hemerocallis for the first time.

Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hemerocallis ; chemistry ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate characteristics of the border mandibular movement of the adolescent with Angle III malocclusion and to find the correlations between craniofacial morphology and border mandibular movement function.

METHODSThe subjects consisted of 21 adolescent patients with Angle III malocclusion in the initial stage of permanent dentition (mean age 12.3 years). 20 adolescents with individual normal occlusion served as control (mean age 12.8 years). The border mandibular movement of all cases in the two groups were traced and recorded by K6-1 Evaluation System and standardized lateral cephalograms were taken.

RESULTSThe results revealed no significant difference in the maximal movement range between two groups, but indicated a positive association between the maximum jaw opening and both the mandible length (Go-Gn) and the L1-MP. The distance from ICP to maximal opening (D) was positively correlated with facial height and the L1-MP. While to adolescents with individual normal occlusion, the wider the maximal jaw opening was, the bigger the posterior facial height and the cephalometric values of mandibular ramus. The distance D positively correlated with the anterior lower facial height.

CONCLUSIONAngle III malocclusion had its characteristics in the tracing and had a specific relationship with the craniofacial morphology.

Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; Dental Occlusion ; Dentition, Permanent ; Face ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Movement

AIM: To study the relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) and spontaneous brain bleeding. METHODS: The IgG and IgM antibody titers to Cpn in peripheral blood from 9 patients of spontaneous brain bleeding were detected by microimmunofluorescence antibody technique (MIF). The Cpn DNA of arteries in brain bleeding region from these cases was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Cpn major outer membrane protein (MOMP) expression of arteries in brain bleeding region from these cases were tested by Western blot. RESULTS: All the geometric average titer to IgG antibody (190 3?3 2) and the positive rate of IgG antibody (85 2%) and IgM antibody (30 8%) were significantly higher in spontaneous brain bleeding patients than those (48 1?2 0, 48 1% and 4 8%) in control ( P

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of connexin proteins (Cx), which form gap junctions (GJ), in progression and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cervical cancer (CaCx). METHODS We analyze the expression of Cx26, Cx30, Cx32 and Cx43 in human specimens consisting of: Normal cervix (n=78), CaCx FIGO stage Ⅰ (n=148), CaCx FIGO stage Ⅱ (n=165). InCaCx cell lines, Hela- Cx32 (induced expression by doxycycline), C- 33A (endogenously express Cx32) and siHa (transiently transfected plasmid with Cx32), we detected the role of Cx32 against tostreptonigrin/cisplatin-induced apopotosisin presence or absence of functional GJ through using GJ inhibitors or low density cultural.Furtherly, we observed the relativity of Cx32 and EGFR expression in human specimens. Also, we detected the role of EGFR signaling pathway in the process of Cx32 anti-apoptosis through suppressed EGFR expression by inhibitors or siRNA sequences in cell lines. RESULTS We firstly demonstrated the expression of Cx32 was highly upregulated and accumulated in cytoplasm in the CaCx specimens, and the degree of upregulation correlated with advanced FIGO stages. Thus,in three human cervical cell lines, Cx32 was shown to suppress apoptosis when GJ formation is inhibited. No matter in cases of CaCx or cell lines, Cx32 expression was highly correlated with expression of EGFR and the EGFR pathway is an essential component of the Cx32-induced anti-apoptotic effect. CONCLUSION Cx32, traditionally tumor suppressive protein, was shown to be tumor protective against chemotherapy through EGFR pathway in a GJ-independent way.