Biomedical Research ; Blindness ; etiology ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Corneal Diseases ; complications ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Corneal Transplantation ; education ; methods ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; education ; Singapore

Objective: To explore the path selection of national obligations in realizing the social security rights. Methods:Exemplification is applied to explore the problems in the realization of social security rights through the analysis of the specific circumstances of the operation of the New Rural Cooperative Medical System(NRCM). Results: Through analyzing the problems in the realization of social security rights under NRCM in China, the realization progress of social security rights not only have imperfections in legal system, but also have problems in insufficient fund and incomplete system, which lead to the low social security level of residents. Conclusion: To improve the realization of residents’ social security rights, the specific pathway was analyzed according to the pathway selection of fulfilling the China National Obligations. Pathway 1: enhance the legislation, implement the legal system of social security; pathway 2: based on the function display of administrative organ, enhance the supervision of administrative management; pathway 3: based on judicial remedy, secure the realization of social security right.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of decompensated hepatic cirrhosis .Methods The umbilical cord blood of healthy puerperal women was collected,and stem cells were isolated and injected into liver through hepatic artery to treat 20 patients withdecompensated cirrhosis.Blood,liver function,coagulation changes ,indicators of clinical symptoms and adverse events were observed after transplantation 1 week,2 weeks,4 weeks and 8 weeks.Results 1 week after transplantation ,the fatigue,loss of appetite situation were improved in more than 80% patients,but the changes were not significant ( t=0.88,0.80, 0.20,0.23,0.56,all P>0.05).2 weeks after transplantation,the bloating of 60% patients was improved,ALB in-creased significantly(t=2.03,P<0.05).After 4 weeks,the bloating of 70%patients relieved,50%of patients with ascites subsided.ALB,ALT,PT were significantly improved (t=3.84,P <0.01;t =1.75,3.02,all P<0.05);8 weeks later,75%of patients with ascites subsided .Except for AST was not obvious ,other indicators were improved significantly(t=2.20,2.22,5.93,all P<0.05).Except for one case had low fever ,there were no other adverse reac-tions.Conclusion Cord blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis can achieve a certain short-term treatment effects , especially in increasing the level of ALB and reducing PT , could resume liver damage and has relatively high security at the same time .

Objective To systematically evaluate the application effect of clinical pathways in children pneumonia patients by u-sing the system analysis .Methods Published RCT in children pneumonia patients were searched and screened in CNKI ,VIP ,CBM-disc and Wanfang datebase under present standards .The quality of the included studies were evaluated and statistical analyzed by RevMan5 .0 software .Results Total 17 literatures including 2 717 cases were eligible to the criteria (1 359 in clinical pathways group and 1 358 in control group)altogether .The system analysis showed there were significant difference between the clinical path-way group and the traditional treatment group in grasp of health knowledge [RR=1 .30 ,95% CI(1 .17 -1 .44) ,P<0 .01] ,rate of patients ,satisfaction[RR=1 .17 ,95% CI(1 .13 -1 .21) ,P<0 .01] ,length of hospital stay [WMD= -2 .90 ,95% CI(-3 .93 - -1 .86) ,P<0 .01] ,hospitalization expenses[WMD= -620 .02 ,95% CI(-838 .99 - -401 .04) ,P<0 .01] ,the body temperature to restore normal time[WMD= -1 .67 ,95% CI(-2 .10- -1 .23) ,P<0 .01] ,lung sound disappear time[WMD= -1 .80 ,95% CI(-2 .15- -1 .45) ,P<0 .01] .Conclusion Clinical pathways is superior compared with the traditional treatment for children pneumo-nia patients ,be worthy of spread in clinical .

Critical Discourse Analysis ( CDA) attempts to uncover the inequality in social reality and the way language presents power and ideology through the analysis of language features. Systemic functional linguistics ( SFL) focuses on the dialectical relationship between language and society and has been considered an important approach and theoretical basis to CDA. Doctors in Chinese medical clinic follow the Four Diagnostic Methods, within which the inquiry diagnosis strongly shows the fact that doctor and patient clash over the ideology and strug-gle for the power via language. The study carries out CDA on doctor-patient discourse in Chinese medical clinic within the theoretical framework of SFL from four aspects including nominalization, classification, transitivity and mood, which verifies that the language is the product of asymmetric power between doctor and patient. It is hoped that the paper would provide insight into CDA on doctor-patient discourse and would be of theoretical meaning.

Objective: Based on the same clinical laboratory automatic blood coagulation analyzer method comparison of different brands. Discuss different between blood coagulation analyzer test results are comparable or check whether the deviation of the results in the permitted range. Method:collecting 112 cases of fresh plasma specimens, using ACL ADVANCE and Sysmex CA7000 two kinds of blood coagulation analyzer, respectively prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB), and compare the results, to medical decision level of judging system error detection system for clinical result, and calculate the two blood coagulation instrument testing results of the correlation coefficient and linear regression equation. Results:the ACL ADVANCE and Sysmex CA7000 blood coagulation analyzer test of PT, APTT, TT and FIB result comparison, there were no statistically significant difference (t=0.974, t=0.649, t=0.765, t=1.163;P>0.05), the correlation coefficient respectively;Medical decision level of system error were less than half the total margin of error. Conclusion:to the ACL ADVANCE as standard test system, Sysmex CA7000 determination results have clinical acceptability, two blood coagulation test results with good correlation. Should be conducted on a regular basis in the same laboratory coagulation analyzer compares different experiments, to ensure the comparability of the same in the laboratory test results.

Objective To investigate the skull base meningiomas communicate through the superior orbital fissure cranio-orbital approach of microsurgical Methods and the efficacy.Methods 80 cases with skull base meningiomas were randomly divided into the control group and observation group,40 cases in each group.The control group was given contact microsurgery,and the observation group received communication through the superior orbital fissure cranio-orbital approach of micro-surgery.The improvement of symptoms and postoperative complications were compared and analyzed.Results (1)The operative time,blood loss,blood transfusion,Simpson grade (Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgrade),DKPS,postoperative hospital stay and mortality rate in the control group were (9.28 ± 0.97)h,(1 222.38 ± 89.07) mL,(1 099.35 ±56.72) mL,14/17/9,3.21 (0,6.44),(29.78 ±3.29)d and 7.50％ (3/40),which in the observation group were (7.02 ± 0.65) h,(877.34 ± 44.50) mL,(677.10 ± 32.28) mL,29/9/2,3.26 (-3.33,10),(20.00 ± 2.75) d and 5.00％ (2/40).The differences of operative time,blood loss,blood transfusion,Simpson level,postoperative hospital stay between the two groups were statistically significant(t =4.209,4.997,5.823,x2 =4.011,t =5.711,P =0.033,0.027,0.018,0.022,0.013),but the D KPS and mortality between the two groups had no significant differences (t =0.433,0.096,P =0.089,0.317).The monocular prominent,eye movement disorder and vision improvement rates in the control group were 66.67％,72.22％ and 75.68％,which were significantly lower than 92.31％,94.12％ and 97.14％ in the observation group (x2 =5.932,4.381,6.793,P =0.027,0.033,0.020).The postoperative eye movement disorder,on ptosis,eye abduction,subcutaneous fluid and intracranial infection rates in the control group were 10.00％,15.00％,30.00％,12.50％ and 7.50％,those in the observation group were 7.50％,5.00％,10.00％,10.00％ and 7.50％.The postoperative eye movement disorder,subcutaneous fluid and intracranial infection rates had no significant differences between the two groups(x2 =0.923,1.033,0.785,P =0.387,0.595,0.233).The incidence rates of postoperative ptosis,abduction eyeball had statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2 =6.299,7.889,P =0.018,0.009).Conclusion The skull base meningiomas communicate through the superior orbital fissure cranio-orbital approach of microsurgery has significant effect than the conventional contact microsurgery,which deserves to be promoted in clinical.

This is a cross-sectional study which investigated the association between non-exclusive breastfeeding and maternal, paternal, obstetric and infant factors. Data on maternal, paternal, obstetric and infant factors were collected through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire from 498 mothers with four-week-old infants who attended government clinics in Klang district between 17 and 28 July 2006. The prevalence of non-exclusive breastfeeding at four weeks was 45.8%. Factors significantly associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding at four weeks included Indian ethnic mother (OR = 4.06), working mother (OR = 3.55), mother from high household income (OR = 1.90), mother who smokes (OR = 7.27), primiparous (OR = 1.97), infant not sharing a bed with mother (OR = 1.75) and infant born prematurely (OR = 7.69). Identification of risk factors should assist in targeting women who are at increased risk of non-exclusive breastfeeding.

MicroRNAs

Tissue and Organ Procurement