1.Steroids from Diplazium esculentum: Antiplasmodial activity and molecular docking studies to investigate their binding modes
Safar, H.F. ; Ali, A.H. ; Zakaria, N.H. ; Kamal, N. ; Hassan, N.I. ; Agustar, H.K. ; Talip, N. ; Latip, J.
Tropical Biomedicine 2022;39(No.4):552-558
Diplazium esculentum is an edible fern commonly consumed by the local community in Malaysia either
as food or medicine. Isolation work on the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of D. esculentum resulted in
the purification of two steroids, subsequently identified as stigmasterol (compound 1) and ergosterol5,8-endoperoxide (compound 2). Upon further testing, compound 2 displayed strong inhibitory activity
against the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) strain, with an IC50 of 4.27±1.15 µM,
while compound 1 was inactive. In silico data revealed that compound 2 showed good binding affinity
to P. falciparum-Sarco endoplasmic reticulum calcium-dependent ATPase (PfATP6); however, compound
1 did not show an antiplasmodial effect due to the lack of a peroxide moiety in the chemical structure.
Our data suggested that the antiplasmodial activity of compound 2 from D. esculentum might be due
to the inhibition of PfATP6, which resulted in both in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties.
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