1.The Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASHTM) Japanese translation
Takanari Ikeyama ; Yuko Shiima ; Takashi Shiga ; Satoshi Takeda ; Satoshi Dohi ; Akira Nishisaki
Medical Education 2014;45(4):293-295
A crucial step in clarifying and consolidating the learning gained from simulations in healthcare is to debrief those simulation experiences-that is, to methodically review what happened and why. Leading a debriefing is a learned skill, and can be improved with practice and feedback. The Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASHTM) Handbook and Rating Forms are designed to assist in evaluating and developing debriefing skills. Additional information, rating forms, and contact information can be found at the DASH website: http://www.harvardmedsim.org/dash.html.
2.Acute Retroviral Syndrome Presenting as Infectious Mononucleosis
Toshio Naito ; Nagako Kudo ; Naoko Hada ; Takayoshi Shiga ; Akihiro Inui ; Nobuhiro Ikeda ; Takashi Dambara ; Yasuo Hayashida
General Medicine 2006;7(2):77-80
ABSTRACT: A case of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in a previously healthy 43-year-old male is presented. The patient complained of fever and a sore throat of 3 weeks' duration. Although blood tests showed a marked increase in atypical lymphocytes, tests for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were negative. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody was positive on enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the HIV-1 viral load was 6.4×104copies/mL. Western blot (WB) analysis did not initially confirm HIV-1 infection ; however, HIV-1 infection was confirmed one month after presentation. Although several pathogens can cause infections presenting as IM, in Japan there have been few reports of acute retroviral syndrome presenting as IM. This case is being reported to stress the importance of the early diagnosis of acute retroviral syndrome.
5.Effectiveness of annual interventions for smoking cessation in an occupational setting in Japan.
Takashi KADOWAKI ; Tomonori OKAMURA ; Tsutae FUNAKOSHI ; Akira OKAYAMA ; Hideyuki KANDA ; Naomi MIYAMATSU ; Yoshikuni KITA ; Hirotsugu UESHIMA
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2004;9(4):161-164
OBJECTIVETo examine the effectiveness of a small-scale smoking cessation intervention program conducted annually for ten years in an occupational setting in Japan.
METHODSWe conducted an annual intervention program promoting smoking cessation in male smokers from 1993 to 2002 in an occupational setting in Hyogo, Japan. Trends in smoking prevalence in this worksite were compared with a control group from two similar worksites of the same company. The intervention program was carried out by medical students (the fourth year of a six-year course) who received training on the protocol prior to the intervention. This protocol consisted of one initial group session, followed by periodical correspondence for two months. Successful cessation of smoking was determined by self-declaration of abstinence for longer than four weeks after intervention, confirmed by an expiratory carbon monoxide concentration of less than nine ppm. Smoking prevalence was determined by a self-administered questionnaire provided at the annual health checkup.
RESULTSThe proportion of smokers who participated in the program was 3.47% on average. Abstinence rates following each intervention ranged from 13.3% to 60.0%, with the prevalence of male smokers at the intervention worksite decreasing from 56.2% in 1993 to 47.0% in 2002. In contrast, the smoking prevalence of the control worksites remained largely unchanged, being 60.2% in 1995 and 57.6% in 2002. At the end of the study, the intervention worksite had a significantly lower prevalence of smokers in either the crude or age-adjusted rate.
CONCLUSIONA small-scale but repeated smoking cessation intervention program at a worksite can reduce smoking prevalence more efficiently than the natural trends.
6.Special health checkups, special health-maintenance guidance using the Aichi model
Yoshio Seno ; Katsuhiro Shiga ; Takashi Yokoi ; Yoshimasa Tachi ; Hidekazu Hosokawa ; Hiroshi Inasaka ; Tetsuhide Mizukami ; Hiroo Satou ; Jun Kono ; Yuichi Kageyama ; Takeshi Tanaka
An Official Journal of the Japan Primary Care Association 2016;39(1):43-47
7.Methodological issues for a large-scale intervention trial of lifestyle modification: Interim assessment of the high-risk and population strategy for occupational health promotion (HIPOP-OHP) study.
Tomonori OKAMURA ; Taichiro TANAKA ; Toru TAKEBAYASHI ; Hideaki NAKAGAWA ; Hiroshi YAMATO ; Katsushi YOSHITA ; Takashi KADOWAKI ; Akira OKAYAMA ; Hirotsugu UESHIMA ; null
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2004;9(4):137-143
OBJECTIVETo clarify the methodological issues for the High-risk and population Strategy for Occupational Health Promotion Study (HIPOP-OHP study), which is a 4-year non-randomized control trial, an interim assessment of male participants was performed 3 years after the baseline survey.
METHODSWe had approximately 2,500 and 4,000 participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The population measures and prevalence of risk factors at each year, and between the baseline and 4th examinations were compared between the two groups. The personal trends of returning participants who were in the study at the 1(st) and 4(th) examinations were also evaluated.
RESULTSDuring the 3 years, an increase in serum HDL cholesterol (2.7 mg/dl), and a reduction in the prevalence of hypertriglycemia detected with fasting blood samples (3.6%) and current smokers (5.4%) were observed in the intervention group. The mean HDL cholesterol level was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at the 4th examination, reversed from the baseline survey. The serum non-HDL cholesterol level was significantly increased only in the control group. There was also a significant increase in the prevalence of hypertriglycemia nad high plasma glucose detected with fasting blood samples in the control group. The return participation rate after 3 years was 72.2% for the intervention group and 74.9% for the control group. The above-mentioned changes for risk factors were mainly due to returning participants at each examination.
CONCLUSIONThese interventional methods may be effective in improving overall cardiovascular risk factors in the population. However, the low return participation rate will dilute the effect of the intervention.
8.Improvements in Intractable Lumbar and LowerExtremity Symptoms after Systemic Administration of Tocilizumab, an Anti-interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody
Takeshi SAINOH ; Takeshi SAINOH ; Sumihisa ORITA ; Sumihisa ORITA ; Masayuki MIYAGI ; Masayuki MIYAGI ; Miyako SUZUKI-NARITA ; Miyako SUZUKI-NARITA ; Yoshihiro SAKUMA ; Yoshihiro SAKUMA ; Yasuhiro OIKAWA ; Yasuhiro OIKAWA ; Go KUBOTA ; Go KUBOTA ; Jun SATO ; Jun SATO ; Yasuhiro SHIGA ; Yasuhiro SHIGA ; Kazuki FUJIMOTO ; Kazuki FUJIMOTO ; Yawara EGUCHI ; Yawara EGUCHI ; Masao KODA ; Masao KODA ; Yasuchika AOKI ; Yasuchika AOKI ; Tsutomu AKAZAWA ; Tsutomu AKAZAWA ; Takeo FURUYA ; Takeo FURUYA ; Junichi NAKAMURA ; Junichi NAKAMURA ; Hiroshi TAKAHASHI ; Hiroshi TAKAHASHI ; Satoshi MAKI ; Satoshi MAKI ; Masahiro INOUE ; Masahiro INOUE ; Hideyuki KINOSHITA ; Hideyuki KINOSHITA ; Masaki NORIMOTO ; Masaki NORIMOTO ; Takashi SATO ; Takashi SATO ; Masashi SATO ; Masashi SATO ; Masahiro SUZUKI ; Masahiro SUZUKI ; Keigo ENOMOTO ; Keigo ENOMOTO ; Hiromitsu TAKAOKA ; Hiromitsu TAKAOKA ; Norichika MIZUKI ; Norichika MIZUKI ; Takashi HOZUMI ; Takashi HOZUMI ; Ryuto TSUCHIYA ; Ryuto TSUCHIYA ; Geundong KIM ; Geundong KIM ; Takuma OTAGIRI ; Takuma OTAGIRI ; Tomohito MUKAIHATA ; Tomohito MUKAIHATA ; Takahisa HISHIYA ; Takahisa HISHIYA ; Seiji OHTORI ; Seiji OHTORI ; Kazuhide INAGE ; Kazuhide INAGE
Asian Spine Journal 2022;16(1):99-106
Methods:
This prospective, single-arm study included 11 patients (eight men; mean age, 62.7 years) with ≥3-months’ chronic pain history due to lumbar disease. Subcutaneous TCZ injections were administered twice, at a 2-week interval. We evaluated low back pain, leg pain, and leg numbness using numeric rating scales and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI; baseline and 6 months postinjection); serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels (baseline and 1 month postinjection); and clinical adverse events.
Results:
Intractable symptoms reduced after TCZ administration. Low back pain improved for 6 months. Improvements in leg pain and numbness peaked at 4 and 1 month, respectively. Improvements in ODI were significant at 1 month and peaked at 4 months. Serum IL-6 was increased at 1 month. IL-6 responders (i.e., patients with IL-6 increases >10 pg/mL) showed particularly significant improvements in leg pain at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months compared with nonresponders. We observed no apparent adverse events.
Conclusions
Systemic TCZ administration improved symptoms effectively for 6 months, with peak improvements at 1–4 months and no adverse events. Changing serum IL-6 levels correlated with leg pain improvements; further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic connections between lumbar disorders and inflammatory cytokines.
9.Usefulness of Simultaneous Magnetic Resonance Neurography and Apparent T2 Mapping for the Diagnosis of Cervical Radiculopathy
Keigo ENOMOTO ; Yawara EGUCHI ; Takashi SATO ; Masaki NORIMOTO ; Masahiro INOUE ; Atsuya WATANABE ; Takayuki SAKAI ; Masami YONEYAMA ; Yasuchika AOKI ; Sumihisa ORITA ; Miyako NARITA ; Kazuhide INAGE ; Yasuhiro SHIGA ; Tomotaka UMIMURA ; Masashi SATO ; Masahiro SUZUKI ; Hiromitsu TAKAOKA ; Norichika MIZUKI ; Geundong KIM ; Takashi HOZUMI ; Naoya HIROSAWA ; Takeo FURUYA ; Satoshi MAKI ; Junichi NAKAMURA ; Shigeo HAGIWARA ; Masao KODA ; Tsutomu AKAZAWA ; Hiroshi TAKAHASHI ; Kazuhisa TAKAHASHI ; Seiji OHTORI
Asian Spine Journal 2022;16(1):47-55
Methods:
A total of 14 patients with unilateral radicular symptoms and five healthy subjects were subjected to simultaneous apparent T2 mapping and neurography with nerve-sheath signal increased with inked rest-tissue rapid acquisition of relaxation enhancement signaling (SHINKEI-Quant) using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for neck pain and upper arm pain was used to evaluate clinical symptoms. T2 relaxation times of the cervical dorsal root ganglia of the brachial plexus were measured bilaterally from C4 to C8 in patients with radicular symptoms and from C5 to C8 in healthy controls. The T2 ratio was calculated as the affected side to unaffected side.
Results:
When comparing nerve roots bilaterally at each spinal level, no significant differences in T2 relaxation times were found between patients and healthy subjects. However, T2 relaxation times of nerve roots in the patients with unilateral radicular symptoms were significantly prolonged on the involved side compared with the uninvolved side (p<0.05). The VAS score for upper arm pain was not significantly correlated with the T2 relaxation times, but was positively correlated with the T2 ratio.
Conclusions
In patients with cervical radiculopathy, the SHINKEI-Quant technique can be used to quantitatively evaluate the compressed cervical nerve roots. The VAS score for upper arm pain was positively correlated with the T2 ratio. This suggests that the SHINKEI-Quant is a potential tool for the diagnosis of cervical nerve entrapment.
10.Time-Course Changes in Bone Metabolism Markers and Density in Patients with Osteoporosis Treated with Romosozumab: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Kazuhide INAGE ; Sumihisa ORITA ; Yawara EGUCHI ; Yasuhiro SHIGA ; Masao KODA ; Yasuchika AOKI ; Toshiaki KOTANI ; Tsutomu AKAZAWA ; Takeo FURUYA ; Junichi NAKAMURA ; Hiroshi TAKAHASHI ; Miyako SUZUKI-NARITA ; Satoshi MAKI ; Shigeo HAGIWARA ; Masahiro INOUE ; Masaki NORIMOTO ; Hideyuki KINOSHITA ; Takashi SATO ; Masashi SATO ; Keigo ENOMOTO ; Hiromitsu TAKAOKA ; Norichika MIZUKI ; Takashi HOZUMI ; Ryuto TSUCHIYA ; Geundong KIM ; Takuma OTAGIRI ; Tomohito MUKAIHATA ; Takahisa HISHIYA ; Seiji OHTORI
Yonsei Medical Journal 2021;62(9):829-835
Purpose:
In this multicenter retrospective observational study, we examined the early effects of romosozumab in patients with severe osteoporosis in terms of time-course changes in bone metabolism marker, improvement in bone density, and adverse effects.
Materials and Methods:
Patients with severe osteoporosis were included. We investigated the progress of TRACP 5b and P1NP before and 1–2 months after the administration of romosozumab. We also investigated the bone density of lumbar spine, femoral neck, and the entire femur, measured by the DXA method, before and 5–7 months after the administration of romosozumab.
Results:
A total of 70 patients (7 males and 63 females, age 75.0±3.6 years) participated in this study. Significant improvements in TRACP 5b and P1NP levels were observed before and 1–2 months after romosozumab administration. The average bone density of lumbar spine, femoral neck, and the entire femur were measured before and 5–7 months after romosozumab administration;and a significant increase only observed in the lumbar spine.
Conclusion
Consistent with the findings of previous clinical studies, romosozumab has both bone formation-enhancing and bone resorption effects (dual effect). In addition, romosozumab also demonstrated improvement in bone density from the early phase after the administration, though the result was only seen in the lumbar spine.