A 68-year-old woman with a sudden onset of back pain was brought to our hospital by ambulance. Computed tomography (CT) showed Stanford type A (DeBakey type II) acute aortic dissection, left hemothorax, and hematoma extending along the pulmonary artery ; therefore, the patient underwent emergency operation. We performed a median sternotomy. Pericardial effusion was not observed ; however, a hematoma was found around the ascending aorta. Preoperative CT showed left hemothorax, but pleural effusion was not observed in the left pleural cavity. The left hemothorax, which was detected on preoperative CT, was diagnosed as an extrapleural hematoma. The dissection entry site was located at the proximal aortic arch ; therefore, ascending aorta-hemiarch replacement was performed. After weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, the patient experienced sudden airway bleeding. The bleeding was attributed to the hematoma extending along the pulmonary artery. Here, we have reported a rare case of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with the left extrapleural hematoma and lung hemorrhage.

A 29-year-old man with high fever and chest pain was admitted to our hospital. He had undergone aortic valve replacement 1 month before admission to our hospital. Since computed tomography revealed a pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta, he underwent an emergency operation. An occlusion catheter was inserted into the ascending aorta via the left femoral artery, in preparation for pseudoaneurysm rupture. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established with inflow via the right femoral artery and the right axillary artery, and with vacuum-assisted venous drainage via the right femoral vein. After core cooling, we performed resternotomy. The pseudoaneurysm ruptured while we were exfoliating the adhesion around the aorta. We inflated the occlusion catheter in the ascending aorta and controlled the bleeding. We continued core cooling and ventricular fibrillation occurred at 30°C. Subsequently, we induced circulatory arrest, and selective cerebral perfusion was initiated. We inflated the occlusion catheter in the descending aorta and initiated systemic circulation with inflow via the right femoral artery. The origin of the pseudoaneurysm was the region of cannulation in the previous operation. Therefore, we replaced the ascending aorta and performed omentopexy. In this case we reported the use of a strategy involving cardiopulmonary bypass for a pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta.

Osteochondromas, or exostoses, are the most frequent benign bone tumors. Although many osteochondromas are asymptomatic, they are sometimes responsible for vascular complications, most often associated with the popliteal artery. Here, we present a rare case of pseudo-aneurysm of the popliteal artery secondary to an osteochondroma of the femur in a 48-year-old woman. During surgery, a pseudo-aneurysm developed from a 1-mm hole in the anterior aspect of the popliteal artery, which was closely related to the protrusion of the femoral osteochondroma. The surface of the osteochondroma was quite sharp, rigid and firm. It was removed completely through the lumen of the aneurysm. A short segment of the popliteal artery, including the hole, was resected with an end-to-end anastomosis. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient recovered completely. The precise pathogenesis of pseudo-aneurysmal formation is still unknown. We speculate that local compression of the popliteal artery by a spiky osteochondroma can stretch the vessel and lead to rupture of the artery by continuous friction. Considering the potential risk of this vascular complication, shonld be closely monitered patients with osteochondroma of the femur.

We report a very rare case of annuloaortic ectasia with an etiology of both aortitis syndrome and Marfan's syndrome. A 25-year-old woman showed AAE and AR. Her mother had died of SLE, but there was no Marfan's syndrome in her family. Her eyes were normal but her finger was long enough to show wrist sign and thumb sign. Urgent operation was performed because of her progressive heart failure. The ascending aorta was enlarged and Valsalva sinuses showed asymmetrical dilatation. The Cabrol operation was done with a composite graft of 23mm Medtronic Hall valve and 26mm Gelseal graft. The valve was sutured to the graft for 5mm from the end of graft to minimize the tension for annulus because of the high invidence of valve detachment and leakage in aortitis syndrome. Pathological study showed findings of both aortitis syndrome and Marfan's syndrome. Postoperative aortography showed good valvular function, and the patient is doing well now at 6 months after operation.