[Objective]It is important for students to learn in school education how to prevent medical accidents caused by deep insertion of a needle. Also, it is essential in safe acupuncture treatment that students are always reminded there are individual variations in subcutaneous structure and to confirm the position of the needle tip in the subcutaneous tissue. To recognize the acupuncture needle tip, muscle twitch induced by electrical stimulation through the acupuncture needle tip was felt with fingers of training students.
[Methods]To prevent accidental pneumothorax, acupuncture training was performed in the upper and lower extremities. After the class, we conducted a questionnaire investigation with the students.
[Result]As the result, students realized that the position of the needle tip which they assumed is different from the real position in subcutaneous tissue.
[Discussion]Without knowing the precise position of the acupuncture needle tip, a desirable effect is not provided, and furthermore, a medical accident may be caused. It is important to confirm the position of the acupuncture needle tip with consideration to individual variation for safe and effective acupuncture treatment.
[Conclusion]We concluded that the skill to prick and insert the acupuncture needle to the correct position is so important in preventing medical accidents that training to learn correct needle tip position should be given in acupuncture education.

From April 1, 2002 through March 31, 2003, 158 accident reports were submitted from 35 staffers of the nutrient Department in Showa Hospital. We analysed the causes of accidents with the aim of preventing future accidents. It was found 90 cases were attributable to errors in paperwork (57%), 56 cases dul to waiting errors (35%), eight cases to foreign body contamination (5%), and four cases to other resons (3%). Most accidents occurred by lack of confirmation, and it seemed that thoroughness of affirmation such as repetitive affirmation by a plural number of staffers prevent accidents. We should feed back both contents and causes of these accidents to all the employees, and should make a new guideline for accident prevention.
Hospitals ; Accidents ; Analysis ; Staff ; etiology

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the actual situation of infection preventive behaviors among children, and to investigate changes in parent-child physical contact during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted an anonymous questionnaire survey among parents whose children attended the Certified Public Childcare Center in Toyota City between February and March 2021. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis (Spearman's correlation coefficient, Fisher's exact test), and multivariate analysis were performed.Result: A total of 767 parents responded to the survey. Among them, 78.6% of parents and 76.2% of children always washed their hands when they got home.92.7% of parents and 68.9% of children always wore masks when going out. Breastfeeding and face-to-face contact tended to decrease compared to other behaviors (p < 0.001), but there was most often no change in the frequency of parent-child physical contact.Conclusion: It was difficult for children to take the same infection preventive behaviors as adults. Changes in the frequency of parent-child physical contact were not observed in many parents and children.

Objects : The purpose of this study is to evaluate objective measurements of skin moisture and its usefulness in the Kampo clinic.Methods : We measured the skin moisture of 6 male volunteers using a sensor twice, in a one to two week interval, and calculated the correlation of both data sets at 66 points. Secondly, we compared the skin moisture data at 10 regions in 81 patients without any skin disease, in a wide age range from 30 s to early 70 s. The ten regions measured were : face, chest, back, abdomen, leg and 4 forearm points, i.e. the inside and outside of the bilateral center forearm, and palm.Results : The correlation of two successively measured data sets showed excellent relation (r=0.716, p<0.0001). The sensor measurement of skin moisture was quite reliable. Measurements of the face, chest and back showed them to be significantly wetter than the abdomen, leg or any of the 4 forearm points. Palm measurements indicated a wetter tendency than for any forearm measurements. Back and abdomen measurements in males were significantly wetter than those in females. There were no significant differences among the data sets, with regards to age. Therefore, any forearm points are clinically useful for the standard measurement of skin moisture. We also demonstrated a case in which skin moisture measurements with a sensor were useful in prescribing and observing the effects of shigyakusan.Conclusion : Utilizing this method may be helpful in acquiring much more objective measurements for Kampo medicine.
Integumentary system ; seconds ; Forearm ; Medicine, Kampo ; Measurement

　　We describe a case of Inose-type hepatic encephalopathy due to congenital gastro-renal shunt that was effectively treated with balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO). An 80-year-old woman repeatedly experienced syncope. Her plasma concentration of NH₃ was elevated to 2363 level and syncope attacks improved after the gastro-renal shunt was closed by B-RTO. Although a congenital gastro-renal shunt is usually treated by surgical ligation, B-RTO is can be effective and less invasive treatment for such cases.

Imatinib mesylate, a specific inhibitor of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, has been mainly used for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Common side effects of imatinib include hematologic toxicity, liver dysfunction, edema, fluid retention, gastrointestinal symptoms, and skin rashes among others. We experienced a patient with imatinib-associated diarrhea, who was successfully treated with hangeshashinto. The patient was 61 year-old female, who first consulted our clinic in June, 2005. Her complaint was frequent diarrhea(4 or 5 times a day) which occurred after the introduction of imatinib. Four weeks after hangeshashinto was administered, her bowel movement improved from watery diarrhea to loose stool twice a day. Eight weeks later, her symptom disappeared. It is generally accepted that imatinib should be administered continuously to obtain a complete clinical remission of CML. From the viewpoint of eastern and western medicine integration, it is significant that a Kampo medicine contributed to continuous therapy with imatinib.
IMATINIB ; Diarrhea ; BCR Gene ; week ; Treated with

Yokukansankachimpihange has been applied to practical use for some indications such as irritability, excitability, anxiety and insomnia. We report 6 cases of chronic headache patients (tension-type headache [1], migraine [2] and mixed-type headache [3]) with the significant pulsation at pit of stomach and navel, who were successfully treated with Yoku-kan-san-ka-chimpi-hange for prophylaxis. These findings suggest that Yokukansankachimpihange might be useful for not only tension-type headache but also migraine and mixed-type headache.
Headache ; Prevention ; Application, NOS ; Chronic Headache ; Migraine

Hangekobokuto, on the basis of Jin-kui-yao-lue, has been used to treat acute and chronic gastric disease, psychiatric disorders, abnormal sensation in the throat, and edema which gives the feeling of a small food particle obstructing the throat. We experienced 2 cases involving a sense of incongruity in the interscapular region (pain and/or stiffness), which were successfully treated with hangekobokuto extract.On the basis of these first cases, we investigated the efficacy of hangekobokuto extract in 15 patients having both “ki-utsu” and “suitai”, and a sense of incongruity (pain and/or stiffness) in the interscapular region, without the throat-obstructive feeling of a small in-situ food particle.Improvements in complaints were observed in all patients, with a reduction or disappearance of their sense of incongruity in the interscapular region. Thus, it is possible that hangekobokuto could be widely applicable where symptoms of tenderness or a sense of incongruity in the interscapular region occur (especially the sides of the spinous process of thoracic vertebrae 4-7), in addition to the previously documented indications (heart burn, epigastric discomfort and abdominal fullness).
Pharynx ; particle ; seconds ; Investigations ; Indications

We experienced four cases of urticaria (two patients with cholinergic urticaria, one patient with chronic idiopathic urticaria and one patient with cold urticaria) successfully treated with Kampo therapy. The factors for outbreak or aggravation of urticaria were stress of looking after the father in law and hysterectomy in the first case, psychological stress due to familial trouble in the second case, panic disorder like episode in the third case, and solicitude and anxiety for family in the fourth case. The effective Kampo formulae that improved the dermatological symptom were keishibukuryogan, hangekobokuto, yokukansankachimpihange and kamishoyosan, respectively. It was helpful that to clarify the psychological background affecting the dermatological symptom in the determination of Kampo formulae. It would be useful that careful and repetitious question and answer about psychological background in the treatment of intractable urticaria.
Urticaria ; Medicine, Kampo ; Chronic ; Therapeutic procedure ; Cases

We experienced four cases of urticaria (two patients with cholinergic urticaria, one patient with chronic idiopathic urticaria and one patient with cold urticaria) successfully treated with Kampo therapy. The factors for outbreak or aggravation of urticaria were stress of looking after the father in law and hysterectomy in the first case, psychological stress due to familial trouble in the second case, panic disorder like episode in the third case, and solicitude and anxiety for family in the fourth case. The effective Kampo formulae that improved the dermatological symptom were keishibukuryogan, hangekobokuto, yokukansankachimpihange and kamishoyosan, respectively. It was helpful that to clarify the psychological background affecting the dermatological symptom in the determination of Kampo formulae. It would be useful that careful and repetitious question and answer about psychological background in the treatment of intractable urticaria.