[Objective]It is important for students to learn in school education how to prevent medical accidents caused by deep insertion of a needle. Also, it is essential in safe acupuncture treatment that students are always reminded there are individual variations in subcutaneous structure and to confirm the position of the needle tip in the subcutaneous tissue. To recognize the acupuncture needle tip, muscle twitch induced by electrical stimulation through the acupuncture needle tip was felt with fingers of training students.
[Methods]To prevent accidental pneumothorax, acupuncture training was performed in the upper and lower extremities. After the class, we conducted a questionnaire investigation with the students.
[Result]As the result, students realized that the position of the needle tip which they assumed is different from the real position in subcutaneous tissue.
[Discussion]Without knowing the precise position of the acupuncture needle tip, a desirable effect is not provided, and furthermore, a medical accident may be caused. It is important to confirm the position of the acupuncture needle tip with consideration to individual variation for safe and effective acupuncture treatment.
[Conclusion]We concluded that the skill to prick and insert the acupuncture needle to the correct position is so important in preventing medical accidents that training to learn correct needle tip position should be given in acupuncture education.

From April 1, 2002 through March 31, 2003, 158 accident reports were submitted from 35 staffers of the nutrient Department in Showa Hospital. We analysed the causes of accidents with the aim of preventing future accidents. It was found 90 cases were attributable to errors in paperwork (57%), 56 cases dul to waiting errors (35%), eight cases to foreign body contamination (5%), and four cases to other resons (3%). Most accidents occurred by lack of confirmation, and it seemed that thoroughness of affirmation such as repetitive affirmation by a plural number of staffers prevent accidents. We should feed back both contents and causes of these accidents to all the employees, and should make a new guideline for accident prevention.
Hospitals ; Accidents ; Analysis ; Staff ; etiology

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the actual situation of infection preventive behaviors among children, and to investigate changes in parent-child physical contact during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted an anonymous questionnaire survey among parents whose children attended the Certified Public Childcare Center in Toyota City between February and March 2021. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis (Spearman's correlation coefficient, Fisher's exact test), and multivariate analysis were performed.Result: A total of 767 parents responded to the survey. Among them, 78.6% of parents and 76.2% of children always washed their hands when they got home.92.7% of parents and 68.9% of children always wore masks when going out. Breastfeeding and face-to-face contact tended to decrease compared to other behaviors (p < 0.001), but there was most often no change in the frequency of parent-child physical contact.Conclusion: It was difficult for children to take the same infection preventive behaviors as adults. Changes in the frequency of parent-child physical contact were not observed in many parents and children.

Objects : The purpose of this study is to evaluate objective measurements of skin moisture and its usefulness in the Kampo clinic.Methods : We measured the skin moisture of 6 male volunteers using a sensor twice, in a one to two week interval, and calculated the correlation of both data sets at 66 points. Secondly, we compared the skin moisture data at 10 regions in 81 patients without any skin disease, in a wide age range from 30 s to early 70 s. The ten regions measured were : face, chest, back, abdomen, leg and 4 forearm points, i.e. the inside and outside of the bilateral center forearm, and palm.Results : The correlation of two successively measured data sets showed excellent relation (r=0.716, p<0.0001). The sensor measurement of skin moisture was quite reliable. Measurements of the face, chest and back showed them to be significantly wetter than the abdomen, leg or any of the 4 forearm points. Palm measurements indicated a wetter tendency than for any forearm measurements. Back and abdomen measurements in males were significantly wetter than those in females. There were no significant differences among the data sets, with regards to age. Therefore, any forearm points are clinically useful for the standard measurement of skin moisture. We also demonstrated a case in which skin moisture measurements with a sensor were useful in prescribing and observing the effects of shigyakusan.Conclusion : Utilizing this method may be helpful in acquiring much more objective measurements for Kampo medicine.
Integumentary system ; seconds ; Forearm ; Medicine, Kampo ; Measurement

The source of Jiinshihoto, which has been used for patients troubled by chronic cough with Ki obstruction, is Wanbinhuichun. We report on 8 cases with various chronic inflammatory diseases in the airway successfully treated with Jiinshihoto. They had similar symptoms, i. e., chronic coughing both dry and moist, and the abnormal sensations in the throat. Our experience with these cases suggests that tympanitic sound on right half side of the abdomen increase the accuracy of Jiinshihoto usage.

It is generally accepted that secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is a major effector of local immunity in the oral cavity. The salivary sIgA level is known to be temporarily decreased after an acute single bout of intense exercise. On the other hand, the effect of continuous exercise training on salivary sIgA has been controversial. In the present study, we collected timed saliva samples from collegiate kendoists using the reliable saliva collection method that has already been reported. The collection was performed before, during and after a traditional high-intensity 10-day training camp during the coldest part of the winter. We investigated the effect of repetitious intense exercise training on resting sIgA levels in saliva.
The subjects were 19 males and 8 females (age: 19.9±0.5 years) who took part in the camp. We obtained saliva samples before the camp, on the first and the 10th days of the camp, and 4 and 10 days after the camp at 5 p. m. The concentration of sIgA was measured by ELISA, and the sIgA secretion rate was calculated.
The resting sIgA secretion rate decreased significantly during the camp. It remained at a lower level 4 and 10 days after the camp compared to the initial level, although it tended to recover gradually. Prolonged suppression of the resting sIgA secretion rate during a traditional winter kendo training camp might be induced by repetition of high-intensity training.

Enteral feeding is generally accepted in patients who cannot take nutrients orally. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a major enteral means for the introduction of nutritional solutions. However, jejunal feeding is sometimes employed instead of gastric feeding in cases of post-gastrectomy or repeated aspiration after PEG. The digestion and absorption of nutrients in trans-jejunal feeding might be different from those in trans-gastric feeding. In the present study, we measured the serum concentations of micronutrients and vitamins in the cases of direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (D-PEJ), compared to those of PEG. The enteral feeding has been continued for more than six months in all the cases. Serum copper and zinc concentration were significantly decreased in the D-PEJ group, whereas no significant difference in the concentrations of iron, selenium, vitamins A, B12 and E was ovserved between the two groups. Anemia and neutropenia were frequently observed in many patients with D-PEJ. These conditions were associated with copper deficiency. Much attention should be paid to copper and zinc deficiency in long-term trans-jejunal feeding.
Upper case dee ; Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy [PEJ] ; Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ; Serum ; Feeding

The purpose of educating patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is to facilitate their understanding of the disease and treatment, as well as to motivate the patients to improve their lifestyle. We recently assessed whether the results of psychological tests to investigate the mental status of DM patients were useful in obtaining a better outcome of education. The subjects were 75 DM out patients who were receiving treatment at out hospital (age range : 15-85 years, mean age : 66 years). The psychological tests were performed during a diabetic seminar held on February 26, 2002, using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS).On the CES-D scales, 20 points or higher scores were marked by 16 patients (21.3%), indicating a strong tendency to depression among DM patients. Assessment by the CISS showed a higher score on the task-oriented coping scale (T scale) than on the other scales (p<0.05), suggesting that DM patients are well-oriented towards the continuation of treatment. The CES-D Scale score tended to be higher in patients with an uncontrolled HbA1C (≥8%) (p<0.05), suggesting that a persistent depressed status is associated with poor glycemic control. The results of these psychological tests appeared to be useful in working out a more effective educational program for DM patients.
Dermatomyositis ; Psychological Tests ; Scale <3> ; 2-Chloroethyl 2-(4-1,1-dimethylethyl) phenoxy-1 methylethyl ester ; seconds

　　We describe a case of Inose-type hepatic encephalopathy due to congenital gastro-renal shunt that was effectively treated with balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO). An 80-year-old woman repeatedly experienced syncope. Her plasma concentration of NH₃ was elevated to 2363 level and syncope attacks improved after the gastro-renal shunt was closed by B-RTO. Although a congenital gastro-renal shunt is usually treated by surgical ligation, B-RTO is can be effective and less invasive treatment for such cases.

Imatinib mesylate, a specific inhibitor of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, has been mainly used for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Common side effects of imatinib include hematologic toxicity, liver dysfunction, edema, fluid retention, gastrointestinal symptoms, and skin rashes among others. We experienced a patient with imatinib-associated diarrhea, who was successfully treated with hangeshashinto. The patient was 61 year-old female, who first consulted our clinic in June, 2005. Her complaint was frequent diarrhea(4 or 5 times a day) which occurred after the introduction of imatinib. Four weeks after hangeshashinto was administered, her bowel movement improved from watery diarrhea to loose stool twice a day. Eight weeks later, her symptom disappeared. It is generally accepted that imatinib should be administered continuously to obtain a complete clinical remission of CML. From the viewpoint of eastern and western medicine integration, it is significant that a Kampo medicine contributed to continuous therapy with imatinib.
IMATINIB ; Diarrhea ; BCR Gene ; week ; Treated with