From 1976 to 1993, 13 patients with high aortic occlusion were treated surgically. Bypass grafting from infrarenal abdominal aorta to the iliac or femoral arteries was performed in 9 patients, endarterectomy with patch angioplasty in 2, thrombectomy followed by straight graft replacement in 1 and bilateral axillo-femoral artery bypass grafting in 1. In 9 patients, femoro-popliteal run-off was determined by arteriography before or during operation. Occlusion of the femoral artery was detected in two patients, and femoro-popliteal bypass grafting was simultaneously performed with aortic revascularization. Two patients died in the early postoperative period (1: fulminant hepatitis, 1: cerebral infarction), and 4 patients died in the late postoperative period (2: ischemic heart disease, 1: cerebral bleeding, 1: malignant tumor). In one patient the iliac artery occluded 13 years after endarterectomy. All other patients showed patent grafts and satisfactory conditions. In cases of high aortic occlusion, late postoperative results were satisfactory after anatomical revascularization. Ischemic heart disease and cerebral vascular accident were important concerning late complications. Postoperative careful follow-up is necessary.

A 71-year-old man who had been on peritoneal dialysis for 6 years was referred to our hospital for renal transplantation from a living donor. Preoperative echocardiography revealed diffuse severe hypokinesis, a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 25%, and a pedicled floating mass in the right atrium. He had not exhibited positive symptoms of active endocarditis or metastatic malignant tumor, and the causes of cardiomyopathy seemed to be uremic and/or ischemic factors. Renal transplantation was postponed, and the extirpation of the mass in the right atrium was scheduled. LVEF improved to 48% 2 months following the induction of hemodialysis before the cardiac operation. Pathohistological findings of the extirpated intra-atrial mass showed sphachelus and fibrotic thrombus, which meant asymptomatic healed infective endocarditis. He recovered uneventfully, and underwent a living renal transplantation from living donor 5 months after the cardiac operation. LVEF further improved better to 56%, and his performance status was remarkably improved. These results imply that renal transplantation and hemodialysis in peritoneal dialysis patients with uremic cardiomyopathy can achive improvement of cardiac function and enable a safe cardiac operation.

A 24-year-old woman underwent successful repair of a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the aortic isthmus concomitant with right diaphragmatic hernia which developed after a traffic accident, and the steering wheel of the crashed car was considered responsible for both lesions. Due to the right diaphragmatic hernia, she could breathe mainly with the left lung only. The aortic isthmus aneurysm was considered to be a pseudoaneurysm, and because of the potential risk of rupture, we performed urgent aortic surgery. Prior to a left thoracotomy, we anastomosed an 8-mm prosthetic graft to the right axillary artery. When the left lung was collapsed in order to perform a femoro-femoral bypass, the SpO₂ level of her right index finger and her cerebral rSO₂ markedly decreased. Therefore, we administered additional perfusion via the right axillary artery, which provided sufficient oxygen to the upper body and brain. The patient underwent Marlex mesh reinforcement of the right diaphragmatic hernia 30 days after grafting, and is doing well 1 year postoperatively.

Five patients with vascular graft infections were surgically treated over a 16-year period. Primary diseases were arteriosclerosis obliterans in 3 cases and invasion of malignant diseases in 2 cases. The most common site of infection was the groin (3 of 5). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen. Administration of antibiotics, drainage and lavage with povidone iodine solution were performed in 4 patients (40-64 days). All patients underwent graft resection and reconstruction. Infected parts of the previous grafts were removed. Total removal of the previous graft was performed in 2 cases and partial removal was performed in 3 cases. To avoid re-infection, long extra-anatomical bypass was performed in 4 cases. The post operative courses of the five patients were uneventful.

Purpose: In Japan, the data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody titers after the booster dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine are insufficient. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers before, 1, 3, and 6 months after the booster dose of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine among health care workers. Materials and Methods: A total of 268 participants who received the booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were measured before (baseline) and at 1, 3, and 6 months after the booster dose. Factors associated with changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at 1, 3, and 6 months were analyzed. Cutoff values at baseline were calculated to prevent infection of the omicron variant of COVID-19. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 months were 1,018.3 AU/mL, 21,396.5 AU/mL, 13,704.6 AU/mL, and 8,155.6 AU/mL, respectively. Factors associated with changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at 1 month were age and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at baseline, whereas changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at 3 and 6 months were associated with the SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at 1 month. The cutoff values of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers at baseline were 515.4 AU/mL and 13,602.7 AU/mL at baseline and 1 month after the booster dose, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers increase rapidly at 1 month after the booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine and begin to decrease from 1 to 6 months. Hence, another booster may be needed as soon as possible to prevent infection.