: Objective To explore the reasons for misdiagnosis of paramedian pontine infarction. Methods 20 cases of paramedian pontine infarction which were misdiagnosed as cerebral hemisphere lesions were collected. The clinical manifestations, signs, and hyperacute cerebral CT scans, MR imaging characteristics within 48 h and other auxiliary examinations were analyzed retrospectively. Results 20 cases which were misdiagnosed as cerebral hemisphere lesions were confirmed as paramedian pontine infarction by MR. Conclusion Paramedian pontine infarction is rather common during daily clinical work, but often misdiagnosed. Early MR examination is helpful to correct diagnosis. For patients who have hemiplegic paralysis and transient dizzy symptoms during early phases, it is specially noticed that the lesions may be located in brain stem.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is of multiple etiological factors and clinical manifestations characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. A great deal of studies confirm that insulin resistance (IR) might be one of the mechanisms in the development of PCOS. This article reviews the pathogenesis of IR in PCOS.

0.05)。But the DNA,RNA content and lactase activities and maltase activity in the small intestine mucosa in I-fed piglets were significantly greater than those of P-fed piglets. Conclusions:These results show that insulin influences the enzymatic activity and the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells of IUGR newborn piglets.

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a syndrome of multiple etiological factors and clinical manifestations.It's essential pathophysiological signs are chronic anovulatory and hyperandrogenism.Recent studies have dominated that PCOS is an endocrine metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance(IR)and is a component of Metabolism syndrome(MS).Several factors related to MS and the ultima angiocardiopathy change exist in PCOS.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is a proinflammatory lipid mediator that is synthesized by a number of inflammatory cells. Binding of LTB₄ to its receptor leukotriene B₄ receptor 1 (BLT1) can migrate neutrophils and macrophages to inflammatory sites through chemotaxis and up-regulation of adhesion molecules. Many researches have shown that LTB₄-BLT1 axis is related to the occurrence of autoimmune disorders and other inflammatory diseases. Receptor antagonists of LTB₄ are thus expected to be useful therapeutics for these diseases. In this review, we briefly describe the biological function of LTB₄ and summarize the preclinical and clinical developments of LTB₄ receptor antagonists.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on the expression ofα-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptor associated protein glutamate receptor interacting protein (GRIP)1 and GRIP2 in hippocampal neurons of rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD) model induced by Aβ25-35. Methods 40 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group, model group and electroacupuncture group with 10 rats in each group. The AD rat model was prepared by injecting Aβ25-35 in the hippocampus CA1 of rats, while the sham operation group was injected with equal amount of normal saline at the same loca-tion. On the second day after successful modeling, the electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and bilateral Shenshu (BL23) acupoints, once a day, 6 times a week for 2 weeks. The expression of GRIP1 and GRIP2 were detected with immunohisto-chemistry. Results There was no difference in the expression of GRIP2 and GRIP1 proteins in hippocampus between the normal group and sham operation group (t<1.7438, P>0.05), but was lower in the model group and the electroacupuncture group than in the sham operation group (t>9.5928, P<0.001), and was higher in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (t>9.5326, P<0.05). Conclusion Elec-troacupuncture may increase the number of AMPA receptors on the postsynaptic membrane by increasing GRIP1 and GRIP2.

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture ( EA) on learning and memory ability and the expression of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion factor ( NSF) in experimental Alzheimer′s disease ( AD) and to explore the mechanism involved. Methods Sixty healthy, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group and an EA group, each of 15.The model group and the EA group were injected with Aβ25-35 bilaterally in the CA1 area of the hippocampus, while the sham operation group was injected with the same amount of normal saline in the same regions. From the 1stday after the AD model had been es-tablished successfully, EA was applied to the Shen Shu ( BL23) and Bai Hui ( GV20) acupoints in the EA group once a day,6 days a week for 2 weeks. No EA was given to the other 3 groups. After the treatment, Morris water maze tests were conducted to determine assess the rats′ learning and memory ability, and immunohistochemical methods were used to test the expression level of NSF in the CA1 areas of the rats′hippocampus. Results The average es-cape latent period of the EA group was significantly shorter than that of the model group and their average platform crossing time was significantly longer. The average expression of NSF in the EA group measured as integrated optical intensity was significantly higher than that in the model group. Conclusion EA can effectively improve learning and memory ability in AD, at least in rats. The mechanism may involve increasing the expression of NSF in the CA1 area of the hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tongxinluo,a Chinese medicine,on neurological deficits,neuron apoptosis and the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) after cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats.Methods Wistar diabetic rats(n=36) were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and randomly divided into 2 groups:control group(n=18) and Tongxinluo group(n=18).Tongxinluo group received Tongxinluo 1.0 g/kg·d after cerebral ischemia.Neurological severity scores,TUNEL staining and immunohistological assessments were performed to evaluate the effects.Results Compared with the control,the neurological score significantly improved(P<0.05),the expression of NGF and BDNF increased(P<0.05),and cell apoptosis decreased(P<0.05) in the tongxinluo group.Conclusion Tongxinluo can improve the neurological function through inhibition of neuron apoptosis and increasing the expression of NGF and BDNF after cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats.

The PBL Teaching Method has implemented in the department of gynecology and obstetrics of Fudan University since 2004.This new method cultivates the students'ability to ask and answer the questions to collaborate,to comiderate problems conpletely and the ability to consult information and solve problems quickly.Teachers and department should improve the teaching and manage level.