Aim To investigate the drug-containing serum of Rhizoma drynariae on osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem, and discuss the possible mechanism.Methods BMSCs were cultured in media with different concentrations of medicine containing serum.BMSCs proliferation ability was detected in 3,5,7,9 days by CCK-8.ALP activity was detected after 7,10,14 days′ induction.After 3 weeks culturing, alizarin red staining was performed to observe the formation of calcium nodules.The expression of β-catenin,LRP5,RUNX-2 and Osteriex mRNA were detected using RT-PCR.The protein expression of β-catenin,LRP5 was detected using Elisa method.Results Rhizoma drynariae drug-containing serum could obviously promote the proliferation of BMSCs and calci-fied nodule formation.Besides, the ALP activity was improved in a certain period of time.The expression of β-catenin,LRP5,GSK-3β,RUNX-2 and Osteriex mRNA were significantly up-regulated,and the protein expression of β-catenin,LRP5 was up-regulated too.The expression of GSK-3β was down-trgulated.Conclusions Rhizoma drynariae drug-containing serum promotes mineralization and osteogenic differentiationof BMSCs, and the mechanism is closely related with activating WNT/beta-catenin signaling pathway, raising the beta-catenin, LRP5, RUNX-2, and Osteriex mRNA expression, beta-catenin, LRP5 protein expression,and down-regulation of GSK-3β mRNA expression.

Objective　To compare the changes in the genetic diversity of Anopheles minimus through the research on the population genetic characteristics of Anopheles minimus between different years in Nabang Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province. Methods Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by light traps in Nabang Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province in May 2014 and May 2021. After morphological identification, each mosquito was individually stored in separate tubes for further analysis. DNA of Anopheles minimus was extracted using kits. Microsatellite sequences in the template DNA were amplified using eight pairs of fluorescent primers, and the resulting products were subjected to capillary electrophoresis by a sequencing company. PopGen32 software was used to calculate the observed number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and Shannon's information index (I) for individual microsatellite loci and population groups. PIC-CALC software was used to calculate the polymorphic information content (PIC). Results A total of 158 mosquitoes belonging to 6 Anopheles species were captured in 2014, while 529 mosquitoes belonging to 5 Anopheles species were captured in 2021. The composition ratio of Anopheles minimus among the mosquito species differed significantly between 2014 and 2021 (χ2=70.48, P<0.01). For 8 microsatellite loci, a total of 85 alleles were detected, a range of 6-20 alleles per locus and an average of 10.625 alleles. Ne ranged from 1.717 to 7.797, with an average of 4.011. The highest PIC was found in the am4 locus, and the lowest in the am25 locus. For the population groups, 77 alleles were found in 2014, and 62 alleles were found in 2021. Ne ranged from 1.630 to 8.658, with an average of 4.147 in 2014. Ne ranged from 1.760 to 6.744, with an average of 3.698 in 2021. The average Ho was 0.641 in 2014 and 0.650 in 2021, while the average He was 0.699 in 2014 and 0.691 in 2021. The Shannon's index ranged from 0.774 to 2.493 in 2014, with an average of 1.579, and from 0.938 to 2.224 in 2021, with an average of 1.464. Na, Ne, I, and PIC were all higher in 2014 compared to 2021, with Na: 9.625>7.750, Ne: 4.147>3.698, I: 1.579>1.464, and PIC: 0.655>0.640, respectively. Conclusions The populations of Anopheles minimus in Nabang Town, Yingjiang County, exhibited high levels of polymorphism in both 2014 and 2021. However, the genetic diversity of the population in 2021 was lower than that in 2014.

Objective:To explore the genetic characteristics and evolution of hantavirus carried by rodents in port area of Ningde in Fujian province in the summer of 2020.Methods:Rodents were captured in the port area of Ningde, the RNA was extracted from rodent lung tissues and detected by using specific kit. The positive samples were used for whole-genome sequencing of the virus. Bioinformatics software was used for the analysis on the similarity and genetic variation of the sequences.Results:A total of 112 rodents were captured, including 5 Rattus norvegicus and 2 Rattus flavipectus, the positive rate of hantavirus was 6.25% (7/112). By virus gene sequencing, two hantavirus complete genome sequences were obtained (named as FJ35 and FJ36, GenBank accession numbers: MW449188-MW449193). The genetic analysis results showed that the hantavirus detected in positive samples were SEOV and shared 99% nucleotide similarity with hantavirus strains LZSF21 and JX20140581 isolated from Shandong province. Phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method showed that the hantavirus detected in positive samples belonged to S3 subtype, sharing the same subtype with hantavirus strains Z37 from Zhejiang province, LZSF21 from Shandong province, and zy27 and Gongzhuling 415 from northeastern China. Compared with FJ372, the amino acid variation of N259S was observed at sites 251-264 of nucleoprotein, which might be related to antigenicity. Another variation of Q81R was observed in glycoprotein compared with SEOV 80-39 segment of coded amino acid of international reference strain, which might also cause the change in antigenicity. Conclusion:The high positive rate of hantavirus in rodents in the port area of Ningde- would increase the risk of natural human infection and epidemic in local area. The hantavirus positive rodents in this focus might be from an endemic area in Shandong. It is necessary to strengthen the imported rodent control in the port area of Ningde. The virus detected in 2 positive samples belonged to SEOV subtype Ⅲ and shared high homologies of nucleotides and amino acid sequences with the hantavirus strains in surrounding area. However, some slight variations occurred in glycoprotein and nucleoprotein amino acid sequences, which might cause changes in its antigeniity.

COVID-19 ; Housing ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2