In order to obtain certain basic data to be used in planning a physical training program for archers, we examined physical constitution and fitness tests on 5 members of each sex in a university archery club (19 to 22 years old), after checking the actual bow weights they usually used. Parallele to these examinations we made the subjects shoot 6 arrows using actual bow weights of 32, 42 and 51 lbs (male) or 25, 35 and 45 lbs (female) and run a distance of 30 meters to fetch the arrows (Exp. I) . We also made the same subjects shoot 24 (Exp. IIa) or 6 arrows (Exp. IIb) without running to recover the arrows. The energy consumption levels during the experiments and at rest were recorded. The data were analyzed with various parameters. The results are as follows:
1. As regards body heights, body weights and girths of chest, there were no differences between our subjects and healthy Japanese of the same age except that our female subjects were heavier than normal.
2. The heart rates of both sexes increased in number immediately after shooting and remained during the shooting stage. After the shooting, heart rate decreased, quickly returning to the rest level at 2 minutes after shooting.
3. Energy requirements of both sexes increased with an increase in actual bow weights. When compared to experiment I and ha, experiment I showed greater value in energy requirements than that in experiment IIa, although the numbers of shooting in ha was larger than that of experiment I.
4. In experiment I and ha, relative metabolic rates and Ea (energy of activity) increased linearly in proportion to increase in actual bow weight for both sexes.
5. Energy requirements for one shot calculated from the data of experiment IIa, were 0.47, 0.59 and 0.73 kcal for male and 0.27, 0.33 and 0.40 kcal for female, following the above actual bow weight orders, repectively. Energy requirements per 10kg of body weight for one shot were 0.08, 0.10, and 0.12 kcal for male and 0.05, 0.06 and 0.07 kcal for female. These values increased linearly in proportion to the increase in actual bow weights. Positive correlations were found at the correlation coefficient of 0.70 for male and 0.84 for female between actual bow weight and energy requirements for each one shot. These positive correlations were also found between actual bow weight and energy requirements per 10 kg of body weight for one shot, obtaining correlation coefficient of 0.68 for male and 0.77 for female.
6. As compared with actual measurements and total energy consumption which was calculated from products of energy requirement per one shot and the number of shots, both values were about the same for males, but in the case of females, the distances of both values were slightly greater than that of the males.
From these results, especially in the case of energy requirements per one shot, it is likely that the more real energy consumptions were easily estimated by shot numbers and energy requirements per one shot.