The functions and service of WeChat platform in domestic academic libraries were summarized in order to find out the satisfied aspects ( such as its response speed, interface design and operation) and unsatisfied aspects (interaction efficiency, push quality and popularization) of users with the functions and service of WeChat plat-form. Measures should be taken for improving the unsatisfied aspects in order to meet the users' requirements, and suggestions were put forward for optimizing the functions of WeChat platform and perfecting its service, such as atta-ching importance to the WeChat public platform construction and improving its service in order to transform the aca-demic libraries into intelligent libraries.

Female ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Infant, Newborn ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; pathology ; Polyps ; pathology

This paper introduced the concept of humanistic therapy and its connotation and application in the field of surgery, the spiritual essence and the docking and bioethics.The authors also analyzed the perioperative patients need humanistic therapy, including technology, ethics, psychology, the needs of the practice; discusses the humanistic therapy in clinical practice,includes:practice conditions, personnel, measures and problems.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Lymphatic Vessels ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; metabolism

Bladder tumor is the most common genitourinary tumor in Korea. Papillomatous growths of bladder submit to transurethral resection if diagnosed early but in invasive tumors there is still considerable disagreement about the proper treatment. We herein made clinical observation on 27 cases of bladder tumors during 1 year from January, 1977 to December . 1977. The results are as follows: 1. The rate of bladder tumor accounted for 5 % of total patients admitted to the Department of Urology. 2. The age distribution is between 36 and 73 years of age, showing the highest incidence in 51 to 60 years of age (37.1%) and 70.4 % of patients with bladder tumor are seen in 51 to 70 age groups. 3. The most common symptom was gross hematuria(74.1%). 4. Clinical staging was done by bimannual pelvic examination under the anesthesia, I.V.P. and cystoscopy with deep muscle biopsy. 5. Methods of treatment were operation only in 12 cases, operation followed irradiation in 11 cases, preoperative irradiation in 1 case and adriamycin instillation with irradiation in 1 case. 6. Operations were T.U.R. in 7cases, partial cystectomy in 8cases, total cystectomy with ileal conduit in 7 cases, ileal conduit with hypogastric artery ligation in 1 case and ureter ocutaneostomy in 1 case.
Age Distribution ; Anesthesia ; Arteries ; Biopsy ; Cystectomy ; Cystoscopy ; Doxorubicin ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Ligation ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Diversion ; Urology

A Clinical study was made on 41 cases of bilateral urinary stones who were admitted to Yonsei Medical Center, Severance Hospital during the period from January, 1962 to December, 1976. The results of this study may be summarized as follows: 1. During the period the total urinary stone patients were 997 and the ineidense of bilateral stone was 4.1 %. 2. 80 percents of the patients with bilateral stones were seen in 21-50 age groups. 3. Urinary infection was complicated in 63 % and staphylococcus coagulase positive was most common. 4. Urine acidity was over than pH 75 1n 6 patients and less than pH 5.5 in 2 patients. 5. In blood chemistry hypercalcemia was revaled in 7 patients. BUN was more than 20 mg % in 10 patients and creatinine was more than 2mg % in 7 patients. 6. The most common chief complaints were flank Pain which was in 31 patients. The next was gross hematuria which was in 21 patients. Total anuria was noted in 2 patients. 7. the location of bilateral urinary stone was most common in one kidney and one ureter which was in 15 cases. 8. The excretory urography revealed mild hydronephrosis in 21 cases, marked hydronephrosis in 9 cases, nonvisualization in 4 cases, delayed visualization in 19 cases and nephrogram only in 11 cases. 9. In the past history, immobilization and trauma was seen in 1 case respectively and the remaining cases there could not be noted the specific causative factors in the stone formation. 10. Operation was done in 33cases, endoscopic management in 7 cases, and kidney bisection in two cases.
Anuria ; Chemistry ; Coagulase ; Creatinine ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypercalcemia ; Immobilization ; Kidney ; Staphylococcus ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urography

Objective To study the COLIXA3 gene polymorphism of patients with fluorosis and to explore the pathogenesis of COLIXA3 gene in endemic fluorosis.Methods Fifty one cases of patients with drinking-water borne fluorosis were selected as the case group in Xinzhou city,Shanxi province and 28 cases of healthy people were as the control group.Dental fluorosis was detected by Dean method and skeletal fluorosis was examined by X-ray.COLIXA3 of exon 5 gene product of 103 points was amplified by PCR and the gene locus genotype was sequenced.Results Ten cases of mild dental fluorosis,14 cases of moderate dental fluorosis,15 cases of severe dental fluorosis were detected among the 51 patients.The control group was free of dental fluorosis.All the 51 cases of patients with fluorosis had varying degrees of skeletal fluorosis,mainly osteosclerosis lesions,accounting for 86.27％(44/51 ),and mild skeletal fluorosis patients were all osteosclerosis lesions,and osteosclerosis lesions and multiple skeletal lesions were found among moderate and severe skeletal fluorosis patients in the case group,while control group had no skeletal fluorosis.The differences between genotypes of frequency distribution of AA,Aa,aa of COLIXA3 of case and control groups were not statistically significant [96.08％(49/51 ),3.92％(2/51 ),0.00％(0/51) and 96.43％(27/28),3.57％(1/28),0.00％(0/28),x2 =0.94,P ＞ 0.05].ConclusionsCOLIXA3 gene polymorphism is not significantly correlated to fluorosis.

Objective To detect the influence of fluoride on the expression TM9SF1 mRNA and Ras mRNA of osteoblasts. Methods The third generation of primary cultured osteoblasts were exposed to a series concentrations of 0,2.5,5.0, 10.0,20.0 mg/L fluoride for 10 days. The influence of different doses of fluorine on the expression of TM9SF1 mRNA and Ras mRNA of osteoblasts cultured in vitro was investigated by SYBR Green I methods. Results The osteoblasts of the control group and the 2.5 mg/L group were in the shape of long spindle, triangle or irregular polygon and had processes, and the cytoplasm was translucent, adjacent cells affixed to each other under light microscope. Those of the 20.0 mg/L group shaped as long spindle or irregular polygon, and some vacuolization and granular materials appeared in cytoplasm. The number of the cells decreased and the volume increased significantly. After exposed to fluoride for 10 days, osteoblasts of 2.5 mg/L group morphologically proliferated. There were statistical siguificances between each groups of TM9SF1 mRNA in human osteoblasts(F = 322.82, P < 0.01). The highest in the 2.5 mg/L group(9326.0 ± 115.97), the expression of TM9SF1 mRNA decreased along with the increasing dose of fluorine. There were statistical significances between 5.0, 10.0,20.0 mg/L groups(6495.0 ± 323.9, 4387.5 ± 545.2, 5962.5 ± 536.7) and control group(9221.0 ± 107.5, all P< 0.01). There was a statistical significance between each groups of Ras mRNA in human osteoblasts(F = 703.28, P < 0.01). The highest in the control group, the expression of Ras mRNA decreased along with the increasing of dose of fluorine. There were statistical significance between 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 mg/L groups(6144.5 ± 270.82,5603.5 ± 88.39,3181.0 ± 159.81,4067.5 ± 37.4) and control group(6571.0 ± 196.58). Conclusion The influence on TM9SFI mRNA and Ras mRNA expression in osteoblasts correlates with the dose of fluorine.

Objective To explore whether different degrees of fluorosis influence the expression of cartilage COLIXA3 protein in fluorosis model rats. Methods Forty male Wistar rats 3 to 4 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups according to body mass, and these rats were fed with distilled water containing sodium fluoride(NaF) of 0(control), 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L for 6 months, respectively, in order to establish the animal model of drinking water type fluorosis. Pathomorphologieal changes of the osseous tissues of rats were analyzed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the expression of COLIXA3 protein of femur metaphysis was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results HE staining showed different degrees of femoral metaphyseal ossification of cartilage in each experimental group, bone density increased, with sclerotic lesions of skeletal fluorosis. The control group showed no abnormal cartilage. Electron microscopy showed that the experimental groups with varying degrees of cartilage cell swelling, cell matrix fades, 50 mg/L group .showed hyperplasia, and 100,150 mg/L groups were observed with organelles decreased, part of the disintegration of the cartilage cell lacunae, lmmunohistochemical staining of rat chondrocytes COLIXA3 was positive, cytoplasm with brown granules, cartilage COLIXA3 protein expression(23.3 ± 4.5, 41.2 ± 5.6, 26.4 ~ 7.5) in the 25, 50 and 100 mg/L groups enhanced. Compared to the control group (6.1 ± 3.5), the expression of 50 and 100 mg/L groups was significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant(all P < 0.05). The expression(13.3 ± 4.2)of COLIXA3 protein in 150 mg/L group was decreased compared with the previous three, but is still higher than that of control, and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusions There has pathological changes of sclerosing skeletal fluorosis in animal model. Low-dose fluoride promotes while high-dose inhibits cartilage cell proliferation. When fluorine concentration in external environment is too high and with extended exposure to fluoride, direct toxic effects of fluoride on cartilage cells is observed. Fluorine affects and promotes the expression of COLIXA3 protein in cartilage. Low-dose fluoride can promote COLIXA3 protein expression, as the dose increases (over 100 mg/L), the effect decreases.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between expression of a3 chain of collagen Ⅸ (COLIXA3)mRNA in the population exposed to fluorine and fluorosis,in order to reveal the role of COLIXA3 gene in the pathogenesis of endemic fluorosis.MethodsTwelve cases of mild drinking water-born skeletal fluorosis were selected as case groups in Regiment 123 and 128 of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Seven Division,6cases of healthy people living in fluorosis areas for more than 10 years as a internal control group and 6 heathly cases living in non-fluorosis areas for more than 10 years as a external control group.The expression of COLIXA3mRNA of peripheral blood lymphocyte of skeletal fluorosis patients and control groups were determined by using SYBR Green Ⅰ chimeric fluorescent method for real-time quantitative PCR.ResultsThe results of the relative expression of COLIXA3 mRNA of case group,internal control group and external control group were 2.16 ± 0.62,1.06 ± 0.09 and 1.05 ± 0.12,respectively.The COLIXA3 expression in case group was significantly higher than that of the internal control group and the external control group (all P ＜ 0.05),while the difference of COLIXA3expression between the internal control group and the external control group was not significantly different (P ＞0.05).ConclusionsFluorine contributes to the expression of COLIXA3 mRNA in peripheral blood lymphocyte,and the expression is up to 2 times higher than that of the control groups,meaning potential biomarkers.