2.Evaluation of Optimal Stent Size after Endourologic Incision of Ureteral Strictures.
Young Tae MOON ; Ralph V CLAYMAN
Korean Journal of Urology 1995;36(1):75-82
All endoureteromy procedures have in common the use of a ureteral stent as post-procedure However, the optimal stent size necessary to promote satisfactory healing is not known. Herein we compared healing of an endoureterotomy over a 7 Fr indwelling ureteral stent (IUS) with healing over a 14 Fr endopyelotomy stent( ES). A mid-ureteral stricture was created in each of 25 anesthetized, female minipigs using a retrograde electrified stone basket. Six weeks later, retrograde ureterograms(RU) revealed a stricture in 24 pigs ; ureteral incision was performed with a 24 Fr cutting balloon device. Twenty pigs were randomized to receive a 7 Fr IUS or a 14 Fr ES; 4 control pigs were performed to confirm proper stent position and the stents were removed. At 3 months. RU was repeated and the ureters were grossly examined and harvested for histological studies. Two pigs in each group had recurrent strictures. Despite a 50 years history of endoureterotomy, optimal stent size remains an endourologic unknown. Our study represents the first attempt at directly comparing stents of different size in an in vivo ureteral stricture model. There is no significant difference between 7 Fr and 14 Fr stents.
Constriction, Pathologic*
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Stents*
;
Swine
;
Swine, Miniature
;
Ureter*
3.Effect of single dose irradiation to parotid gland on the structured and function changes of bilateral parotid glands in miniature pig.
Zhao-chen SHAN ; Jun LI ; Guang-fei OU ; Xiao-yong LIU ; Chun-mei ZHANG ; Song-ling WANG
West China Journal of Stomatology 2006;24(1):83-88
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of a solitary megadose protocol of ionizing radiation (IR) to parotid gland on the structured and function changes of bilateral parotid glands in miniature pig.
METHODSFourteen minipigs were subjected to either 15 or 20 Gy to one parotid gland with a linear accelerator, while another four minipigs served as non-IR controls. Salivary flow rates and salivary chemistries were measured pre-IR, and 4 and 16 weeks post-IR. A quantitative assessment of gland weight and acinar area, and detailed serum chemistry and hematological analyses, were also performed.
RESULTSParotid gland weights were significantly decreased in the 15 and 20 Gy groups at 4 and 16 weeks post-IR. The acinar cell area in glands of both IR groups was significantly reduced. Parotid flow rates decreased by 60% with 15 Gy at 16 weeks post-IR. In the 20 Gy group, salivary flow rates were reduced by 80% at 16 weeks post-IR. Additionally, parotid flow rates significantly reduced in contralateral glands with 20 Gy at 16 weeks, while structure and weight did not changes in parotid glands.
CONCLUSIONStructural changes in salivary gland parenchyma occurred relatively early after IR, while the alterations in salivary output were relatively delayed. Further, reductions in salivary flow were not proportional to acinar cell area loss. There isn't a significant structured change of contralateral glands, but significant reduction of parotid flow rate at this time.
Animals ; Parotid Gland ; radiation effects ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
4.Absorbable bandage wrapping in treatment of severe blast liver injury: a miniature swine model.
Can-Rong LU ; Lin CHEN ; Wen-Bin CHEN ; Chun-Qing DOU ; Rong LIU ; Zhi-Qiang HUANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2011;124(22):3757-3761
BACKGROUNDThe aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of absorbable bandage wrapping in the treatment of cases of severe liver trauma.
METHODSElectric firecrackers were detonated in 16 miniature swine to produce a severe blast liver injury. After fluid resuscitation, the animals were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8 each) and were either treated with absorbable bandage wrapping of the injured lobe of liver (Group B) or hepatic lobectomy (Group H). Time to hemostasis, blood loss during the treatment period, and other parameters were compared, including postoperative serum total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
RESULTSBlood loss during the treatment period was significantly lower in Group B than that in Group H ((81.3 ± 26.0) ml vs. (130.8 ± 29.5) ml, P = 0.0031). Serum AST and ALT were transiently increased post-surgically. These transient increases were significantly higher in Group B. No difference in time to hemostasis was noted ((8.70 ± 2.27) minutes vs. (10.28 ± 1.93) minutes, P = 0.1559) in Groups B and H, respectively. Two pigs were humanely euthanized 28 days post-surgically and the wrapped liver lobes appeared atrophies. Microscopically, there was evidence of emerging and mature fibrous tissue.
CONCLUSIONAbsorbable bandage wrapping is both feasible and effective in the treatment of severe blast liver injury.
Animals ; Bandages ; Female ; Liver ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
5.Comparative analysis of heart functions in micropigs and conventional pigs using echocardiography and radiography.
Min Young LEE ; Sang Hun LEE ; Seung Gon LEE ; Soo Hyun PARK ; Chai Yong LEE ; Kye Hun KIM ; Sun Ho HWANG ; Sang Yub LIM ; Young Keun AHN ; Ho Jae HAN
Journal of Veterinary Science 2007;8(1):7-14
The production of miniature animals has been suggested for use in organ transplantation. At present, many of the studies about application of animal organs to human have been focused on pigs because of the number of advantages involved and due to their similarities with human. However, a physiological analysis of the organs to be transplanted has not yet been carried out. Therefore, this study analyzed whether or not there were physiological and morphological differences in the hearts of conventionallyreared pigs and micropigs. In this study, the morphological and physiological functions of the heart were examined using radiographic and echocardiographic equipment. In the lateral radiographic view, the heart of the micropig has a larger cardiac long axis : short axis ratio than does the conventional pig, but the difference in the vertebral heart score was not significant. In addition, there were no morphological differences on the X-ray fluoroscopic view. There were no differences in echocardiographic values, except for several values in the left ventricle traces. Overall, it is expected that the values measured in this study will contribute to understanding of the physiological characteristics of micropigs.
Animals
;
Echocardiography/veterinary
;
Fluoroscopy/veterinary
;
Heart/*physiology/*radiography
;
Stroke Volume/physiology
;
Swine
;
Swine, Miniature
7.Delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for assessing a minipig myocardial infarction model established by percutaneous balloon occlusion.
Qiaoxiang YIN ; Yusheng ZHAO ; Heng WANG ; Zhiyong PEI
Journal of Southern Medical University 2013;33(1):34-39
OBJECTIVETo assess a minipig model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) established by percutaneous balloon occlusion using delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI).
METHODSA minipig model of AMI was established by placement of a 2.0 mm×15.0 mm percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty balloon in the middle left anterior descending artery (LAD) through a percutaneous femoral puncture in the right inguinal region. The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded for 90 min, followed by assessment of the infarct size and cardiac function with DE-MRI, and the results were confirmed by pathological examination.
RESULTSDE-MRI showed a mean infarcts size of 10.2∓2.9 cm3 in the minipig models. Compared to the control group, the minipigs with AMI had significantly increased end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (P<0.05) with a decreased stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac output (P<0.001). These DE-MRI values were matched with the microsphere values obtained from short-axis slices in pathological examination.
CONCLUSIONWe have established a feasible approach for evaluating minipig models of AMI as a platform for assessing the therapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation for AMI.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
8.Expressed sequence tags analysis of a liver tissue cDNA library from a highly inbred minipig line.
You-nan CHEN ; Wei-dong TAN ; Yan-rong LU ; Sheng-fang QIN ; Sheng-fu LI ; Yang-zhi ZENG ; Hong BU ; You-ping LI ; Jing-qiu CHENG
Chinese Medical Journal 2007;120(9):739-742
BACKGROUNDPorcine liver performing efficient physiological functions in the human body is prerequisite for successful liver xenotransplantation. However, the protein differences between pig and human remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the liver expression profile of a highly inbred minipig line.
METHODSA cDNA library was constructed from liver tissue of an inbred Banna minipig. Two hundred randomly selected clones were sequenced then analysed by BLAST programme.
RESULTSAlignments of the sequences showed 44% encoded previously known porcine genes. Among the 56% unknown genes, sequences of 72 clones had high similarities with known genes of other species and the similarities to human were mostly above 0.80. The other 40 clones showing no similarity to genes in National Centre for Biotechnology Information are newly discovered, expressed sequence tags specific to liver of inbred Banna minipig. Twenty-two of the 200 clones had full length encoding regions, 38 complete 5' terminal sequences and 140 complete 3' terminal sequences.
CONCLUSIONThese newly discovered expression sequences may be an important resource for research involving physiological characteristics and medical usage of inbred pigs and contribute to matching studies in xenotransplantation.
Animals ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Library ; Liver ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Transplantation, Heterologous
9.Experimental study about osteotomy of mandibular outer cortex.
Yan-Feng ZHAO ; Lai GUI ; Ping LU ; Xiao-Nan ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery 2008;24(6):426-429
OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of morphology, biomechanics and histology after osteotomy of mandibular outer cortex.
METHODSThe mandibular outer cortex that involves angle and part of body was removed at one side in 8 minitype pigs aged 8-12 months. 2 pigs were selected randomly for histologic examination 12 weeks after operation. The other 6 animals were killed 24 weeks after operation. The thickness of new-formed mandibular outer cortex was measured and compared with that of operated side. Biomechanical test was performed in bilateral angles. Histological observation was made in the operated side.
RESULTSThe thickness of outer cortex was (2.1 +/- 0.3) mm and (2.5 +/- 0.4) mm in the operated side and opposite side, respectively, showing a significant difference between them (P < 0.01). The maximum load was (401.76 +/- 204.91) N and (585.42 +/- 413.07) N in the operated side and opposite side, respectively (P > 0.05). The Rigidity was (2172.19 +/- 1174.73) N/mm and (2363.90 +/- 1547.48) N/mm (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in biomechanics between the two sides. The histologic study showed histologically complete regeneration of outer cortex 24 weeks after mandibular outer cortex osteotomy.
CONCLUSIONSAfter resection of mandibular outer cortex, the histologic restoration is complete, but the new-formed outer cortex is thinner with local depression. Bone tubercle can be seen at the angle after bone regeneration. There is no obvious change in biomechanics after outer cortex osteotomy.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
10.Morphological characteristics of submandibular glands of miniature pig.
Xin ZHANG ; Jun LI ; Xiao-yong LIU ; Yi-lin SUN ; Chun-mei ZHANG ; Song-ling WANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2005;118(16):1368-1373
BACKGROUNDMiniature pig (minipig) is increasingly used as a large animal model for a variety of biomedical studies. Little information is available in the literature on anatomy, histology and sialograghy of the submandibular gland of the minipig. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphology of a miniature pig's (minipig) submandibular gland as a large animal model for further biomedical studies.
METHODSFive minipigs were subjected to sialographic, anatomic, histologic, histochemical and ultrastructural evaluations for submandibular glands.
RESULTSSialograms showed a long, horizontal main excretory duct and a pear-shaped gland located inferoposterior to the angle of the mandible. The submandibular glands lied superficial to the suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscle groups, and were covered by the inferior portion of the parotid gland. The submandibular glands were characterized by a mixed parenchyma of mucous and serous secretory acini. Alcian blue (AB) staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reactions demonstrated that minipig submandibular glands synthesized and secreted acid mucous substances by serous cells and polysaccharide, and neutral mucous substances, by mucous cells.
CONCLUSIONThe submandibular gland of the minipig is considered a useful large salivary gland animal model for biomedical studies.
Animals ; Female ; Histocytochemistry ; Submandibular Gland ; chemistry ; cytology ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; anatomy & histology