The objective of this study is to combine troponin and indicators of cardiac acoustics for synthetically evaluating cardiac fatigue of rabbits, analyzing exercise-induced cardiac fatigue (EICF) and exercise-induced cardiac damage (EICD). New Zealand white rabbits were used to conduct a multi-step swimming experiments with load, reaching an exhaustive state for evaluating if the amplitude ratio of the first to second heart sound (S1/S2) and heart rate (HR) during the exhaustive exercise would decrease or not and if they would be recovered 24-48 h after exhaustive exercise. The experimental end point was to complete 3 times of exhaustions or death from exhaustion. Circulating troponin I (cTnI) were detected from all of the experimental rabbits at rest [(0. 02±0. 01) ng/mL], which, in general, indicated that there existed a physiological release of troponin. After the first exhaustive swim, cTnI of the rabbits increased. However, with 24-hour rest, S1/S2, HR, and cTnI of the tested rabbits all returned toward baseline levels, which meant that the experimental rabbits experienced a cardiac fatigue process. After repeated exhaustion, overloading phenomena were observed, which led to death in 3 out of 11 rabbits, indicating their cardiac damage; the troponin elevation under this condition could be interpreted by pathological release. Evaluation of myocardial damage can not be based on the troponin levels alone, but can only be based on a comprehensive analysis.
Animals ; Fatigue ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Swimming ; Troponin I ; blood

This paper presents a preliminary study of rabbit experiment modality incorporating a new indicator for evaluating cardiac function changes, providing a basis for subsequent study of cardiac fatigue. Using only biochemical indicators, such as troponins, is difficult to make a distinction between exercise-induced cardiac fatigue (EICF) and exercise-induced cardiac damage (EICD). Therefore, some new indicators are needed to evaluate cardiac fatigue synthetically. In our study, we used New Zealand white rabbits to conduct a multi-step swimming experiments with load. We made the rabbits reach an exhaustive state to evaluate whether the amplitude ratio of the first to second heart sound (S1/S2) and heart rate (HR) during the exhaustive exercise would be decreased and whether they would be able to recover after the exhaustive exercise for 24 hours. During the first phase of swimming, S1/S2 and HR were increased, and then decreased at exhaustive state. They were recovered after the exhaustive exercise for 24 hours. Overloading led to deaths of three rabbis, and new phenomena from overloading and related to this kind of death were observed. The experiments proved that Multi-steps swimming experiments with loads by using New Zealand white rabbit is useful for studying cardiac fatigue and premonition of sudden cardiac death.
Animals ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Female ; Heart ; physiology ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Male ; Muscle Fatigue ; physiology ; Myocardial Contraction ; physiology ; Myocardium ; chemistry ; Physical Endurance ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology ; Swimming

ObjectiveTo investigate the Character of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) in detoxification addicts in reeducation center.Methods100 detoxification addicts in reeducation center were evaluated.ResultsThe results showed that the mean scores of all factors in detoxification addicts were higher than those of normal population, and there was difference between different drug dependence addicts.ConclusionThe detoxification addicts shows serious psychological disorders.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of synthesized rehabilitation on detoxification addicts.Methods100 detoxification addicts were randomly divided into the rehabilitation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. Cases of the rehabilitation group were treated with "ten-step" rehabilitation treatment, but that of the control group did not. The rehabilitating treatment included cognitive psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, family treatment, social skill training and etc. The effects of two groups were evaluate with Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale.ResultsExcept hostility, other factorial scores of the rehabilitation group including positive items, somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobia, paranoid and psychotic factors were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionThe synthesized rehabilitation can obviously improve the psychology of detoxification addicts.