Objective To investigate the expression and the significance of AQP2 in the kidneys of septic rats. Methods Sixty-four Wistar rats of 6 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: sham group and the septic model group. Septic models were made by cecum ligation perforation (CLP). Fach group was divided into 3-hour,6-hour,12-hour and 24-hour subgroups,with 8 rats in each. The urine,blood and kidney sampies were collected. The urine volume ,urine osmotic pressure and renal function were observed. The expressions of AQP2 protein in rats' kidneys were determined by using immunohistochemical method and the expressions of AQP2 mRNA with real-time PCR. The pathological changes of the kidneys were observed under light microscopy. Results After CLP,urea volume of Wistar rats in septic model group decreased and urine osmotic pressure increased at 3 hours; urea volume gradually increased and urine osmotic pressure decreased at 6 hours; Serum Cr and urea nitrogen began to increase at 6 hours and reached the peak at 24 hours. The longer the time lasted after CLP,the more serious the injury of kidney became,which was mainly manifested as that the space between the epithelial cells of the tubular wall disappeared,nucleus disappeared,glomerular loops fused,and cell structure was unclear. Renal mesenchymal was infiltrated with inflammatory cells. AQP2 mRNA expression increased at 3 hours,decreased at 12 hours and 24 hours ,AQP2 protein expression decreased at 12 hours,with the lowest at 24 hours,which were significantly different from those of the sham groups(P<0.05). Conclusion AQP2 may regulate the water metabolism of septic rats' kidney. The decreased AQP2 protein expression is one of the main pathological mechanisms that results in dysfunction of urine concentration in sepsis.

Objective To evaluate the surgical technique in ventricular septal defect(VSD)associated with aortic valve insufficiency(AI)patients.Methods 115 VSD patients associated with AI were retrospectively analyzed.96 patients belong subarterial to VSD,membranous defect in 19 cases.Moderate hypothermia circulatory arrest in all cases.Direct closure of the VSD was undertaken in 16 cases and other cases repaired with patches.Aortic valvuloplasty in 92 cases.and 5 patients underwent aortic valve replacement.The other 18 cases were directly repaired the VSD with patches.Results The results of surgical treatment is satisfactory.In the 4 months to 2 years follow up,10 patients died,NYHA cardic function 72 cases is Ⅰ,31 is Ⅱ and 2 is Ⅲ.Conclusion Early and concomitant surgical treatment ventricular septal defect associated with aortic valve insufficiency can obtain an ideal results.

Objective To investigate the influential factors for the outcome of the first 131I therapy in patients with PTC after total thyroidectomy.Methods One hundred and fifty-nine patients (45 males,114 females,average age (43.4± 12.2) years) with PTC after total thyroidectomy who underwent 131I therapy from July 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Curative efficacy was evaluated 6 months after 131I therapy.Therapeutic outcome was evaluated according to TSH stimulated Tg (sTg) level,Dx-WBS and evidences of other imaging modalities.Twelve possible factors affecting therapeutic outcome of 131I therapy,including patients' age,gender,time interval between thyroidectomy and 131I therapy,primary tumors size and extrathyroidal extension,number and range of primary tumor lesions,lymph node metastases in surgery,status of thyroid remnant in 99TcmO4-imaging,pre-treatment laboratory measurements (TSH,sTg and TgAb),131I therapeutic dose,results of Rx-WBS and SPECT after 131I therapy,were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ROC curve and diagnostic critical point were analyzed to evaluate the predictive value of influential factors for the outcome of 131I therapy.Results The cure rate of the first 131I therapy was 64.2％ (102/159).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,lymph node metastases,sTg and 131I therapeutic dose (all P＜0.01) were the influential factors for the outcome of 131I therapy.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastases (regression coefficient:1.118) and sTg (regression coefficient:0.314) were influential factors (both P＜0.05).The regression equation was:Logit P =-4.155+ 1.118×lymph node metastases+0.314×sTg (x2 =93.7,P＜0.001).Taking sTg as a predictive factor for the outcome of 131I therapy,the AUC of ROC curve was 0.926 (95％ CI:0.888-0.963).The cut-off value of sTg was 2.97 μg/L with a sensitivity of 94.7％ (54/57) and a specificity of 76.5％ (78/102).Conclusions PTC patients with low sTg levels and few lymph node metastases after total thyroidectomy are more likely to be cured in the first 131I therapy.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of prucalopride in the treatment of chronic constipation (CC). METHODS:Totally of 100 CC patients were selected from anorectal department of our hospital during Jun. 2016-Jan. 2017, and then divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 50 cases in each group. Control group was given Mosapride citrate tablets 5 mg +Lactulose oral solution 10 mL orally,3 times a day. Observation group was given Prucalopride succinate tablets 2 mg orally,once a day. Both groups were treated for consecutive 4 weeks. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed,and the levels of serum inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ)and colonic transit time(total colonic transit time,left colonic transit time,right colonic transit time,rectosigmoid colonic transit time)were observed before and after treatment. The occurrence of defecation disorders and ADR were recorded. RESULTS:None of patient in 2 groups was cured. Total response rate of observation group was 94.00%,which was significantly higher than 78.00% of control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the levels of serum inflammatory factors or colonic transit time (P＞0.05). After treatment,the levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ in control group,the levels of IL-6,TNF-α and IFN-γ in observation group were decreased significantly,and the levels of IL-6,TNF-α and IFN-γ in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group;the colonic transit time in 2 groups was shortened significantly,and observation group was significantly shorter than control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05). After treatment,the incidence of defecation,incomplete emptying,sense of obstruction and sense of rectal tenesmus in observation group were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of sense of rectal tenesmus after treatment or ADR between 2 groups (P＞0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Compared with traditional plan of mosapride combined with lactulose,prucalopride can more effectively reduce the levels of serum inflammatory factors,shorten colonic transit time,reduce the occurrence of defecation disorders as defecation and incomplete emptying,with equivalent safety.

Background:China's accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study reported the detailed development and evaluation of an international consulting training for global health workforce.Methods:Based on Kirkpatrick's model,a mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Quantitative and qualitative data on participants' reaction,learning,and application of the learned knowledge and skills were collected by a training evaluation survey at the ending of training and a follow-up interview in three months after the training.Results:Thirty-six participants attended the training and 34 of them completed quantitative investigation.The training satisfaction evaluations were positive,for which participants rated the training program highly and over 90％ of them agreed with the usefulness of the training.About knowledge and skills change,participants showed improved consulting knowledge and skills from pre-to post-training (P ＜ 0.001).A total of 23 participants accepted follow-up interview,and most participants applied knowledge and skills learned from the training in their daily work or study.However,only 30.4％ of participants applied their learning in the consulting program.The largest barrier of application was the lack of consulting opportunities.In addition,almost all the participants reported that they would be glad to attend more training courses in the future.Conclusion:The international consulting training program was well-received,and was feasible to improve the consulting service competence of global health professionals.According to participants' feedback,it is essential to develop and expand consulting training in the field of global health.

BACKGROUND: Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is a predictor of autonomic system dysfunction, and is considered as a potential mechanism of increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) induced by exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM METHODS: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of panel studies till November 1, 2019 was conducted to evaluate the acute effect of exposure to ambient PM RESULTS: A total of 33 panel studies were included in our meta-analysis, with 16 studies conducted in North America, 12 studies in Asia, and 5 studies in Europe. The pooled results showed a 10 μg/m CONCLUSION Short-term exposure to PM
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Air Pollution/analysis* ; Female ; Heart Rate/drug effects* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Young Adult