Objective To sum up the experiences of early diagnosis and surgical treatment of thoraco abdominal injuries. Method The clinical material in 65 cases of thoraco abdominal injuries treated from 1990 to 1998 was retrospectively reviewed. Result Thoracic explorations and closed thoracic drainage and abdominal operations were carried out in 15 cases and in 50 cases respectively. 65 cases were cured and 3 cases (5%) died of large cardiac blood vessel injuries and excessive blood loss. Conclusion The thoraco abdominal injuries are of very critical illness, it′s important to make early dignosis,promt and proper surgical operation.Meanwhile,active antishock measures, postoperative complication prevention, critical care for the patients are also very important for a better prognosis.

Objective To analyze the double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCUS) features of periamupullary carcinoma for enhancing the ultrasound diagnostic value of the disease.Methods The DCUS and clinical data of 40 patients with periampullary carcinoma confirmed by histopathology were reviewed.Results (1) The displaying rate of the lesions and the judgment of lesion location was statistically higher on DCUS than that of ordinary ultrasound (P ＜ 0.05).(2) DCUS features of periampullary carcinoma:the size of most lesions was less than 30 mm except for 1 case in which no lesion was found; In 100％ (39/39) of the lesions,the morphology did not change with duodenum movement ; In 64.1％ (25/39) of lesions hyperenhancement or isoenhancement was displayed in the arterial phase,with low enhancement in the venous phase; In 87.2％ (34/39) of lesions homogeneous enhancement was displayed; In 95％ (38/40) the bile ducts were moderately or severely dilated.The lesion locations and whether the lesions projected into the duodenal cavity or not were statistically different between the three different types of periampullary carcinoma (P ＜ 0.05).The lesions projected into the duodenal cavity of duodenum were more commonly seen in papillary carcinoma and ampullary carcinoma than distal common bile duct carcinoma.The lesion size,whether the lesion morphology changed or not with duodenum movement,enhancement level,enhancement homogeneity,the degree of bile duct dilatation,whether there was pancreatic duct dilatation or not were not statistically different between the three different types of periampullay carcinoma (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions DCUS is an effective way to show periampullay carcinoma,and is helpful to diagnose periampullary carcinoma and distinguish the three different types of periampullary carcinoma.

Objective To explore whether hypermethylation in the promoter of p16 gene and protein of p16 were associated with development and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer. Methods Methylation-specific PCR ( MSP) and immunohistochemistry SP were used to detected hypermethylation of p16 gene and p16 protein in tumor tissues from 32 patients with colorectal cancer. Results The hypermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 40. 6% of tumor tissues. The protein of p16 promoter was detected in 75% of tumor tissues. The hypermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 63% in Dukes stages of C and D tumors. The protein of p16 promoter was detected in 69% of tumor tissues. The hypermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 25% in the stages of A and B tumors. The protein of p16 promoter was detected in 81% of tumor tissues. The hpermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 100% in low differentiated carcinomas. The protein of p16 promoter was detected in 20% , the hypermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 30% , in the high and mediate differentiated carcinomas, the protein of p16 promoter was detected in 85%. Furthermore, the hypermethylation of p16 gene was detected in 63% in the lymph node metastasis and 25% in without lymph node metastasis. The protein of p16 promoter was detected in 65% in rectum and 100% in colon. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that p16 hypermethylation and protein were associated with the development of colorectal cancer and could be used as a putative prognostic indicator for this malignancy.

Objective To investigate the expression and its clinical significance of adisintegrin and metalloprotease-17 (ADAM17) in human glioma.Methods The expressions of ADAM17 in human glioma were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between ADAM17 expression and the malignance of glioma was analyzed.Results Expression of ADAM17 in human gliomas increased.With the malignant degree,ADAM17 expression has also further increased.However,there was a less ADAM17 expression in normal human brain.The positive expression of ADAM17 in low malignant group was 75％ (18/24),of which 1 case were strong positive.The strong positive expression of ADAM17 was the majority (82.1％,23/28) in malignant group.Conclusion The expression of ADAM-17 was higher in human brain gliomas.With malignance degree increased,of the ADAM-17 expression has gradually increased,suggesting that ADAM-17 might play a certain role in the occurrence and development of glioma.

The student majoring in Medical Biological Technique will be mainly engaged in the practical work of biological technique industry after graduation in the future.In order to bind the theories on the practical biological techniques in designs of contents and roundly improve students' practical ability in classes as well as enriching the communication among students,our college offers an immunologic techniques experiment classes with 36 hours per semester,which has also undergone a reasonable project teaching innovation. This proved to result in a satisfactory outcome in improving the students' practical a

BACKGROUND: There exists insufficient study with specific applicability regarding vascular distribution characteristics of sural nerve nutrient vessels of the distally based flap.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of sural nerve nutrient vessels of the distally based flap and provide an anatomical evidence for the design of operation on repair of foot injury.DESIGN: A single sample study.SETTING: Research Center of Clinical Anatomy, Fuzhou General Military Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, and Department of Orthopaedics, the 97 Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two samples of lower extremities whose blood vessels were perfused with red emulsion were provided by Research Center of Clinical Anatomy, Fuzhou General Military Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.METHODS: The origin of the blood vessels of distally based flap and deep communicating branches of the lesser saphenous vein in the samples were dissected and observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The nutrient vessels of sural nerve of distally basde flap.②The nutrient vessels of lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap.③The superficial and deep communicating branches of lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap.RESULTS: There were 2 to 5 nutrient vessels in the distally based flap:one originating from the perforating branch of the lateral calcaneal artery was (0. 6 ± 0.2) mm in diameter and one from the terminal perforating branch of the peroneal artery was(0.8±0. 2) mm in diameter and they were (1.0 ± 1.3) and(2. 8 ± 1.0) cm, respectively, away from the lateral malleolus. The incidence of intermuscular septum perforating branches (0 to 3) was 96. 7%, 66.7% and 20. 0%, respectively, and their diameter was (0.9 ±0. 3), (1.0 ±0. 2) and (0. 8 ±0. 4) mm and their distance to lateral malleolus was(5.3 ±2. 1), (6. 8 ±2.8) and (7.0 ±4.0) cm, respectively. There were 2 types of nutrient vessels of the lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap, the nutrient vessels of nerve-vein and the ones of vein-nerve. The superficial and deep communicating branches of the lesser saphenous vein were(1.7 ±0. 5) mm in diameter and(3.4 ±0. 9) cm away from the lateral malleolus. They ended at the peroneal veins.CONCLUSION: The perforating branches of heel lateral artery, the terminal perforating branches and intermuscular septum perforating branches of the peroneal artery have sub-branches to deep fascia, skin, nerves and parenteral nutrient vessels. These sub-branches communicate and form vascular chain of lesser saphenous vein to sural nerve and vascular network of superficial and deep fascia. The superficial and deep communicating branches end at the peroneal veins.

Objective: To validate thyroid perichondrium with muscular pedicle in laryngopharyngeal repair.Methods: The thyroid perichondrium with muscular pedicle was used. in 2 cases undergoing resection of laryngopharyngeal cancer during different patterns of repair operation. Results: A 1 5 year follow up study showed that both cases achieved the goal of reparative healing. Conclusion: The advantages of this technique are easy to draw materials, good enough in blood supply, mobile for use, and benefitial to epithelializing and filling up the tissue defect. The disadvantages are the limited area and sometimes mild contraction or fibrosis. [

The basic medicine teaching must meet the clinical application,while the clinical practice should be timely feedback to basic medical teaching,which is the embodiment of the idea in the translational medicine.The experimental teaching is an important part of modern pathology teaching.We actively improve the experiment course and deepen the basic concept of translational medicine in the medical education development by adopting such approaches as using the problem-based learning method(PBL) to promote the link between basic courses and clinical pathology,integrating and optimizing the teaching content to promote the knowledge mastery and conducting molecular pathology research to promote the implementation of translational medicine.

Objective Using infrared spectroscopy to analyze three kinds of lignum Chinese medicine to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of medicinal overall quality evaluation system. Methods Functional groups identification, Fourier Transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and the second derivative infrared spectroscopy (SD-IR) could be applicable to analyze and identify the overall chemical composition of three kinds of lignum Chinese medicine. Results The main chemical components of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (ALR), Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum (DOL) and Sappan Lignum (SL) were cellulose, lignin and aromatics. The main chemical compositions of Sappan Lignum (SL) were cellulose, lignin and aromatics. The differences in FT-IR and SD-IR of DOL and SL indicated that they had different aromatic compounds. Conclusion Infrared spectroscopy can be used as a simple and accurate quality control method of three kinds of lignum Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate laryngeal reinnervation for recurrent laryngeal nerve injury caused by thyroid surgery. Methods Included in this series were 42 patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, undergoing nerve decompression in 8 cases, end-to-end anastomosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve in 6, anastomosis of main branch of ansa cervicalis to recurrent laryngeal nerve in 21, end-to-end anastomosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve in 6 cases, phrenic nerve graft combined with nerve muscular pedicle (NMP) technique or nerve decompression in 7. All cases were subjected to preoperative and postoperative videolaryngoscopy, voice recording, acoustic analysis and electromyography. Results In 5 patients with unilateral injury and with a course less than four months, nerve decompression restored functional adductory and abductory motion of the vocal cord. Although functional motion of vocal cord was still absent in two patients receiving nerve decompression with a course longer than 4 months and in one less than 4 months, and in all cases with unilateral vocal cord paralysis receiving ansa cervicalis anastomosis and end to end anastomosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve, these procedures did result in symmetric vibration of the vocal cords and physiological phonation. Good inspiratory abductent motion of the glottis was observed on the reinnervated sides by the phrenic nerves in 6 cases with bilateral vocal cord paralysis and the vocal cord excursion was from 3 to 5 mm. On the opposite reinnervated sides, 2 cases with nerve decompression restored functional adductory and abductory motion of the vocal cord; while 4 cases with NMP technique restored only slight abductent motion or no motion. These patients have achieved sufficient airway so that exercise to tolerance for daily activities is adequate without a tracheotomy. In no case was the voice weakened, no was there any problem with aspiration. Conclusions Nerve decompression seems to be the best procedure in laryngeal reinnervation; Main branch of ansa cervicalis technique achieves satisfactory reinnervation of adductor muscles; Phrenic nerve graft yields more satisfactory vocal cord abductory motion than NMP technique. Selection of the laryngeal reinnervation protocols should depend on the course, severity, type of nerve injury.