ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of metal plate on radiation dose distribution by Monte Carlo (MC) code. MethodsThe metal plates with 0. 4 thick were placed in water at 5 cm, all the plate irradiated with 6 MV X-ray were simulated by MC code, SSD =100 cm. The percentage depth dose with or without metal implants were compared. ResultsThe surface absorbed doses on incident plane of stainless steel plate and titanium plate were increased by 19. 6％ and 15.7％ respectively as compared water,the dose influence was less than 1.5％ more than 0. 3 cm outside the incidence plane. The doses on the exit surface of stainless steel plate and titanium plate were lowered by 8. 6％ and 8. 2％ when compared with water, the dose impacts of this places where were from the exit surface of stainless steel plate 、titanium plate more than 1.2 cm,0. 9 cm were less than 1.5％. The surface absorbed doses on incident plane of stainless steel plate were increased by 3.9％ respectively as titanium plate, the dose of the exit surface of stainless steel plate and titanium plate was similar. Conclusions MC method is a fast and accurate calculation method. The influence of metal plate on the radiotherapy dose distribution is significant. Under the such condition, the impact of stainless steel plate is much more than that of titanium alloy plate.

Objective To discuss the clinical application of percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique in treating common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods Between January 2013 and January 2015,a total of 25 patients with CBD stones underwent lithotomy procedure via percutaneous transhepatic route.First,under ultrasound or fluoroscopy guidance percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) was performed with subsequent placement of an 8 F rsheath;then,a balloon of 8-12 mm diameter was employed to dilate the papilla;mechanical lithotripsy was adopted when the stone size exceeded 12 mm;finally,through guide-wire exchange technique the stone-retrieval balloon was used to push the stones into the intestinal tract through the sphincter of duodenal papilla.Results The reasons to receive percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique in the 25 patients included previous gastrointestinal surgery (n=18),endoscopic treatment failure (n=3),unwilling to receive endoscopic treatment (n=3),and other reasons (n=1).Successful removal of stones was accomplished in all 25 patients.After the treatment,complications occurred in 3 patients (12％),including fever (n=2) and liver abscess formation (n=1).The patients were followed up for 0.5-3 years;two patients died of tumor recurrence and metastasis,and one patient developed recurrence of common bile duct stones.No reflux cholangitis occurred.Conclusion For the treatment of CBD stones,percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique carries higher technical success rate with lower incidence of complications,therefore,this technique can be used for the patients who are not suitable for endoscopic treatment or in whom endoscopic treatment failed.

Objective:To study the effect of radiotherapy on the quality of life (QOL) of patients with bone metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by analyzing the Function Assessment of Cancer Treatment(FACT), and to analyze the influence of clinical factors on the improvement of the QOL after radiotherapy.Methods:The FACT bone pain scale in 43 patients with bone metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma before and after radiotherapy was retrospectively analyzed. The changes in QOL score before and after radiotherapy were analyzed by T test from five aspects: overall QOL score, general functional status, pain degree, physical function and social psychology. Further analysis was made on the scores of patients whose QOL had not been improved. Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between clinical factors and QOL improvement after radiotherapy. Results:After radiotherapy, the QOL of patients were improved in all aspects compared with those before radiotherapy, and there were statistical differences ( t=7.621, 5.887, 9.407, 7.785, 4.487, P<0.05). In patients whose QOL did not improve after radiotherapy, the scores of overall QOL and psychosocial assessment decreased significantly, and there were significant differences ( t=3.381, 4.982, P<0.05). Among the clinical factors, soft tissue mass at bone metastasis site and radiotherapy prescription dose had significant effects on the improvement of patients′ life after radiotherapy (χ 2=5.180, 7.457, P<0.05). Whether there were soft tissue masses in bone metastases before radiotherapy, the improvement rates of QOL after radiotherapy were 50.00% and 85% respectively. The improvement rates of QOL after radiotherapy were 44.44% and 84% in patients with prescription dose of <40 Gy and≥40 Gy respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that soft tissue mass at bone metastasis site, the dose of radiotherapy prescription and numeric rating scale (NRS) of pain had more significant effects on QOL ( OR=0.296, 0.020, 1.592, P<0.05). Conclusions:Radiotherapy at bone metastasis sites can significantly improve the QOL of liver cancer patients with bone metastasis. Psychosocial status can affect the QOL of patients. In the case of soft tissue mass in bone metastasis site, the prescription dose of radiotherapy (≥40 Gy) can better improve the QOL.

Objective To investigate the expression of UHRF1 protein in breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues, and its relationship with local recurrence. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to detect the expression of UHRF1 protein in 69 specimens of breast cancer and 33 specimens of corresponding adjacent normal tissues; Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between UHRF1 protein expression and clinical factors. Results The positive rate expression of UHRF1 protein in breast cancer was 55.1 % (38/69), and UHRF1 protein expression was not found in adjacent normal tissues. The positive expression rate of UHRF1 protein in stage III was higher than that in stageⅠ-Ⅱ[68.4%(26/38) vs. 38.7 % (12/31), P< 0.05]. The positive expression rate of cancer tissue in breast cancer patients with chest wall recurrence after radiotherapy within 1 year was higher than that in patients without recurrence [83.3 %(10/12) vs. 49.1 % (28/57), P< 0.05], and UHRF1 protein expression of patients in different age and Herb-2 had no statistical significance (P> 0.05). Conclusions The positive expression rate of UHRF1 protein is obviously higher than that in adjacent normal tissue. Besides, UHRF1 protein is related to the stage and chest wall of local recurrence after radiotherapy.

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