No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Humerus*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis*

Recently, the incidence of pelvic bone fractures has been increased with increment of the volume of traffic. We reviewed 318 cases of pelvic bone fractures treated at the department of orthopaedic surgery of Hanyang University Hospital during the period from May, 1972 to December, 1980. The age and sex distribution, cause and classification of fractures, type of treatment, associated injuries and complications were recorded and investigated. The results obtained were as follows: 1. There were one hundred and ninety four (61%) male and one hundred and twenty four (39%) female, and one hundred and ninety seven patients (62%) in this entire series were aged from twenties to forties. The most common victims were in active persons. 2. The most common causative injury was traffic accident. 3. Two hundreds and thirteen (67%) cases were stable fracture and one hundred and five (33%) cases were unstable fracture, which were classified by Kanes classification. 4. The fracture of the femur was most commonly associated bone and joint injuries and the injury of the lower urinary tract was also most commonly associated soft tissue injuries. 5. All of the cases, except 3 cases of the avulsion fracture, were treated with conservative treatment. The remaining 3 cases were treated with surgical treatment, 6. The mortality rate was 5.3%, and the most common cause of death was hemorrhagic shock in 70.6% of the entire fatal cases in this series.
Accidents, Traffic ; Cause of Death ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Male ; Mortality ; Pelvic Bones ; Sex Distribution ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Urinary Tract

Distal foot defect is frequently encountered as an output site in high-tension electrical burn injuries, and proper treatment methods should be applied in order to achieve a properly-functioning foot. However, in distal foot defects around the metatarsal heads or metatarsophalangeal joints, conventional methods have not been ideal, replaced by such methods as secondary healing, amputation or skin graft because there was insufficient tissue in the distal foot and the general condition of the patient was unsuitable for distant or free flap surgeries. So, in order to establish convenient, promising methods for the reconstruction of distal foot defects in severe electrical burns, we classified the distal foot into four zones according to their blood supply and we defined or created ideal reverse flaps in each zone. From April 1996 to March 1999, we reconstructed 43 cases of distal foot defects in fourth-degree high voltage electrical burn wounds. In 19 cases of MP(medial plantar) zone injuries, we used reverse medial plantar island flap and in 5 cases of DP(dorsalis pedis) zone, we created a reverse dorsalis pedis island fascia flap, In 11 cases of P(peroneal) zone, we created reverse peroneal fascia flap and in 8 cases of I (intermediate) zone, we modified a reverse posterior tibial island flap, There was partial flap necrosis or grafted skin loss in five cases, but those were extremely minor problems and we successfully reconstructed distal foot defects in all 43 cases. In conclusion, proper reverse flaps according to the zone of the distal foot are ideal reconstructive methods because they provide good vascularization, sufficient tissue from the proximal parts and they require short operative time with relatively easy procedures.
Amputation ; Burns* ; Fascia ; Foot* ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Head ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; Necrosis ; Operative Time ; Skin ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Oxygen concentrators are convenient to operate and economical for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, oxygen concentrators are not manufactured domestically and the COPD patients are currently treated with imported oxygen concentrators. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestically developed prototype oxygen concentrator before clinical application, the efficacy and safety of the domestic oxygen concentrator were evaluate by comparing with the imported one. Meterial and METHODS: The clinical tests were performed on 36 hyperhydrosis patients from April 1999 to August 1999. Domestic and imported oxygen concentrators were in turn applied to the same patient, who inspired oxygen for 60 minutes at a rate of 3 liters per minute through nasal prong. The oxygen concentrator, which was applied first, was randomly allocated. The arterial partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) was estimated to compare the efficacy; and the carboxy hemoglobin(COHb), pH, arterial CO2 partial pressure, pulse rate, blood pressure, and respiration rate to compare the safety before and after applying each oxygen concentrator. A student t-test was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: In respect to efficacy, the difference in the change of PaO2 before and after the application between two concentrators was not statistically significant. In respect to safety, the differences in the changes of COHb, pH, partial pressure of arterial CO2, pulse rate, blood pressure, respiration rate between two concentrators were also not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The domestically developed oxygen concentrator, showed satisfactory efficacy and safety when compared with the imported one.
Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oxygen* ; Partial Pressure ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory Rate

An experimental study was done to evaluate factors influencing guided regeneration of bone in standardized calvarial bony defect. An 8 mm circular transosseous calvarial bony defect was made. Various material such as demineralized freeze-dried bone (DFDB), BioMesh , Millipore filter and its combination was placed in the bony defect. A sequential histopathologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometric studies were done on the guided bone regeneration in the calvarial bony defect. Bone formation was sigificantly enhanced when the DFDB was retained within the bony defect with a protective bioabsorbable membrane. Inframembranous DFDB-filling was required to prevent collapse of the membrane and preserve spaces for bone regeneration. The bioabsorbable membrane should presumably remain intact for longer than at least 5 weeks to facilitate bone regeneration. The new bone formation was dependent on the barrier-effect (preserving secluded spaces) and inflammation-inducing property of membrane, and guiding bone regeneration of the grafts. Macrophages recruited by grafts were partly involved in decrease of bone regeneration via the sequential events of release of fibronectin, chemotactic effect of the fibronectin to fibroblasts, and collagen lay-down.
Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Fibronectins ; Macrophages ; Membranes ; Micropore Filters ; Osteogenesis ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Transplants

Subacute osteomylitis is far less common than acute osteomyelitis, characterized by insidious onset of the symptoms of mild local pain or discomfort without any acute systemic illness. Radiographic findings are not infrequently confused with benign or malignant bone tumors. From Jan, 1983 to Dec. 1991, we experienced twelve patients with subacute osteomylitis of long bones. Our clinical observations were as follows. 1. There were 11 boys and one girl with an average age of 9.7 years(range, 30months-16years). 2. The involved sites were proximal in 1, distal radius in 3, midshaft of femur in 3, distal femur in 2, proximal tibia in 1, and distal tibia in 2 cases. 3. All patients had insidious onset of mild to moderate pain. ESR was increased in 9 cases(75%) with a mean value of 44 mm/hr, but leukocytosis was not found. 4. According to the Green and Edwards' classification, there were type 1 in 1, type 2 in 3, type 3 in 3, and type 6 in 5 cases. 5. Eleven patients had operative treatment. The remaining one patient was treated by antibiotic treatment. 6. Primary treatment was successful in 11 patients who were followed for and average 9.5 months. One patients was lost to follow-up.
Child ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Osteomyelitis ; Radius ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Thanatophoric Dysplasia*

No abstract available.

To investigate the changes of electrolytes and bio-chemical components during hemodialysis in 15 patients(7 men and 8 women) with end-stage renal disease undergoing long-term hemodialysis were studied. The mean age of 15 patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis was 45 year(range ; 26-62). The mean duration of hemodialysis was 58 months(range: 19-143) at time of the study. Hemodialysis was performed with acetate dialy- sate having 37mEq/1 acetate and 8.57g/100ml glu-cose(group A), with bicarbonate dialysate having 8 mEq/1 acetate and 30mEq/1 bicarbonate without glu-cose(group B) for 4-hour. Each blood sample was drawn for blood gas analysis, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and electrolytes from the arterial line at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4-four during hemodialysis. In group A, the body temperature measured at 1 hour increased significantly compared with that of predialysis. The blood glucose level increased pro-gressively during dialysis. In group B, the body temperature measured at 1 hour also increased sig- nificantly compared with that of predialysis. However, the blood glucose level increased progressively during dialysis as removing urea in blood during dialysis. These results suggested that blood urea nitrogen may be a cause of hypothermia. Mean corpuscular volume(MCV) increased significantly at 2-hour in group A and returned to baseline values at 4-hour. In group B, the mean level of glucose value in dialysate of outlet line of dialyzer increased to 38.3mg/dl from zero in inlet line, and PaC&z decreased significantly because of diffusion of COz across the dialyzer. In Group A, PaOz decreased significantly at 1-hour and returned to baseline values at 4-hour, whereas HCC4 was increased significantly at 4-hour. The intracellular potassium content may decreased in long-term hemodialysis patients cornpared with normal control. In Group A, hernoglobin diphosphoglycerate(2, 3-DPG) concentraion increased from 10.9 pmoVg before dialysis to 19.9pmol/g after dialysis. Despite substantial anemia, hemoglobin 2, 3-DPG prior to dialysis was significantly lower than the value obtained in the normal control(17.5+4.3 p moVg). In group A, the blood lactate level decreased significantly at 1-hour and returned to baseline values at 4-hour. Our data suggested that body temperature might be increased due to removal of urea nitrogen, and blood glucose may be decreased because of the dif- fusion across dialyzer. In addition, this study showed that intracellular potassium content was lowered, the MCV of RBC was increased during hemodialysis. Transient decrement of PaCOz during early phase of dialysis and decreased hemoglobin 2, 3-DPG of despite anemia before dialysis improved with the increment of blood pH and HCC4 at the end of dialysis.
Anemia ; Bays ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Body Temperature ; Dialysis ; Diffusion ; Electrolytes* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypothermia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Lactic Acid ; Male ; Nitrogen ; Potassium ; Renal Dialysis* ; Urea ; Vascular Access Devices