The theory of planned behavior is used to study physician's behavior of clinical pathway compliance,on which the model of decision making mechanism for such compliance was built.This aims at exploring the relationship between the behavioral risk factors,behavioral belief and behavioral intention, and the occurrence,and recommend on further regulation of physicians'behavior and policies in hospital management.

By searching relevant data from the PubMed database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and Wanfang database, a comprehensive analysis and review regarding acupuncture for cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in recent 10 years were performed. The results showed that acupuncture could inhibit the inflammatory reaction, reduce oxidative stress injury, restrain brain edema formation, inhibit apoptosis, promote neural and vascular regeneration, etc. Acupuncture methods used included electroacupuncture, scalp acupuncture, eye acupuncture and "consciousness-restoring resuscitation needling", etc. The existing problem was that the intervention action of acupuncture was mainly focused on inhibiting inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress injury, and the study on apoptosis and neural and vascular regeneration was needed. It is suggested that from the aspect of multiple target points, the intervention mechanism of acupuncture for CIRI should be systemically studied in the future, which could provide new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain Ischemia ; history ; surgery ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; PubMed ; Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; history ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective: To study the effect of down-regulation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF 4E ) induced by the siRNA expression plasmid on the proliferation and cell cycle of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods: The siRNA expression plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo-EIF4E was constructed and then transfected into breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by LipofectAMINE2000. The expressions of EIF4E and cyclin D1 mRNAs and proteins were examined by RT-PCR, Western blotting and the immunocytochemistry method, respectively. The MTT method, plate colony formation assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation ability, cell colony formation rate and cell cycle distribution of MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with siRNA expression plasmid. Results: The siRNA expression plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo-EIF4E was constructed successfully. The expressions of EIF4E and cyclin D1 mRNAs and proteins were all decreased markedly after transfection with pGPU6/GFP/Neo-EIF4E (P <0.05). The growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in the pGPU6/GFP/Neo-EIF4E-tranfected group was inhibited and the cell colony formation rate was statistically decreased (P<0.05) as compared with those in the blank control and the pGPU6/GFP-transfected groups. The result of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of cells in G1 phase in the pGPU6/GFP/Neo-EIF4E-tranfected group was higher than that in the blank control group (71.30%±0.47% vs 53.10%±0.43%); however, the percentage of cells in S phase was signifcantly lower (12.53%±0.13% vs 26.47%±0.38%, P <0.05). Conclusion: EIF 4E siRNA can downregulate EIF 4E gene expression in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, suppress cell proliferation to some extent, and increase the number of cells in G1 phase with a decreased number of cells in S phase. EIF 4E gene may become one of the important molecular targets to breast cancer. Copyright© 2011 by the Editorial Board of Tumor.

Adolescent ; Child ; Epidural Abscess ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To identify the relationship of the femoral morphology with the sex and age, analyze and compare the two methods of defining the morphology of marrow cavity.Methods AP and lateral radiography of the hip joint was made in 45 patiens who accepted total hip arthroplasty.The anatomic parameters of the proximal femur were measured on those radiography.The femoral morphology was analyzed using Dorr criteria and Noble class respectively.Results (1)The anatomic parameters of the proximal femur were not correlated with the age in male.(2)The inner diameter of canal 10 em distal to the lesser trochanter, isthmus width and canal to calar isthmus rate were positively correlated with age in female.(3)The medial cortical and lateral cortical thickness 10 cm distal to the lesser trochanter,cortical index and canal-flare index were negatively correlated with age in female.(4)According to Dorr criteria,13 femora were classified as type A,20 as type B,and 12 as type C.According to Noble class,4 femora were classified as champagne type,34 as normal type,and 7 as stove pipe type.Conclusions The femoral morphology don't change with age in male.The width of femoral canal increase with age in female.Type C of Dorr criteria contains all of stove pipe type and a portion of normal type.

Our knowledge of molecular events and interactions in cell biology and molecular biology are mostly based on findings in nonliving body condition while ignoring the whole process of the events,which inevitably involves false assumption that all molecules behave in the same environment and in the same way. With the emergence of new fluorescent molecular probes prepared through linking new fluorescent material such as quantum dots (QDs) to micromolecule antibody such as antibody simulacrum, the development of methods for transducing extrinsic fluorescent probes into live cells,the application of laser technology, the finer fluorescent micro-imaging system, and the fast and sensitive fluorescence collection system in the application of life sciences, it is now possible to image the trajectory, kinetic behavior, and interaction of biomolecules in live cells. Visualizing single molecule in live cells has opened a new chapter for cell biology and molecular biology. Recent research developments and foreground of single molecule visualizing are discussed in this article.

B-cell translocation gene/transducer of erbB2 (BTG/TOB) protein family is a new antiproliferative protein family.Recent studies have found that BTG/TOB family is absent obviously in many tumor tissue specimens,such as lung cancer,breast cancer and thyroid cancer,and contributes to the genesis and progression of various malignancies.

Background and purpose:Aurora-A is a member of serine/threonine kinase family. The abnormal expression of Aurora-A induces tumorigenesis and radioresistance. This study was aimed to investigate the association of Aurora-A with radioresistance. Methods: Capan-1 cells were treated with Aurora-A kinase inhibitor, and then used to test cell proliferation, anchorage independent assay, cell cycle, and cell cycle regulatory proteins. Treated cells were also used to detect cell apoptosis afterγ-irradiation. Results:Cell growth and colony number in soft agar were decreased after treatment with Aurora-A inhibitor. Treatment of cells with Aurora-A inhibitor also down-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1, CDK2 and CDK6 to induce cell cycle arrest at G1/S and G2/M phases, but promoted cell apoptosis afterγ-irradiation. Conclusion:Treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with Aurora-A kinase inhibitor blocks cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and promotes sensitivity of cells to radiation. Thus, Aurora-A may be used as one of therapeutic targets to increase the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer radiotherapy.

Total and water soluble selenium in soil, and total, tetravalent and he-xavalent selenium in drinking water were determined fluorimetrically by 2, 3-diaminonaphthalene. The digestive mixture was composed of sulphuric, perchloric acids and sodium molybdate 0.2 g of soil and 20 ml of water samples were sufficient for analysis when their selenium concentrations were at the level of 0.1 ppm and 1 ppb respectively. Coefficient of variation and recovery for soil was 12% and 92 ?6%, and for water was 4.3-5.8% and 98 ?2% respectively. Tetravalent and hexavalent selenium content could be measured differentially by the addition or omission of hydrochloric acid in ordinary water samples containing only small amounts of organic matter. In addition to tetravalent selenium substantial amounts of hexavalent selenium may occur occasionally in drinking water and it is thus necessary to add hydrochloric acid to the final digests to completely reduce hexavalent selenium to the tetravalent state for the estimation of total selenium in water samples.

Aim To provide practical microassays for screening acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors in drug discovery.Methods The optimal conditions of assaying the activity of AChEs from electric eel,rat brain homogenate and cobra venom were determined in 96-well plates under physiological pH value and temperature by orthogonal matrix method.The concentrations of AChE,substrate and DTNB,and reaction time were optimized.After the effects of sample solvent (DMSO) used in the assay and stopping reagent on enzyme activity were assessed,the assay conditions were finally selected,and 492 kinds of extracts from Guizhou ethno-drugs were screened.Results Practical microassays for screening AChE inhibitors were successfully constituted by using AChEs mentioned above.The data analysis of screening results revealed that electric eel AChE possessed a high sentivity to inhibitors,and cobra venom AChE shared high similarity with rat brain homogenate in positive results.Conclusion Microassays constituted in this work possessed advantages of being easy,rapid,reliable,cost saving and flexible.AChE from electric eel was especially suitable for screening AChE inhibitors from extracts,and AChE from cobra venom was more suitable to be used in screening AChE inhibitors from large numbers of compounds.