Neural plasticity is a characteristic of the neural system which can make an adaptive change to the stimulation of external environment. The earliest research on the theory of the neural plasticity began from the functional recovery after stroke. Mostly occurring in a few weeks or months, the motor functional recovery is usually due to the plasticity of the brain nerve after stroke. It was approved that combination of the enriched environment and the common rehabilitation training can make the optimal functional recovery of brain. The present researches focus on how to choose the proper time and the duration of the enriched rehabilitation training.

So far, there is no effective treatment for most of patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Many studies have shown that gene therapy has become more promising in terms of protecting the inner ear from these diseases. In recent years, inner ear gene therapy has become a research focus in the field of otology. It has not yet appeared a feasible technique for inner ear gene therapy in clinical application due to the particularity of the structure and function of inner ear. On the other hand, in order to avoid the adverse effects of carcinogenic and immunity caused by viral vectors, many scholars devote themselves to develop new gene vectors based on non-viral materials, such as liposomes, polymers and other nanomaterials. In recent years, many great progresses have been made in development and application of non-viral vectors, which showing an inspiring prospect. The research status, progress and prospects of non-viral vectors in inner ear gene therapy will be discussed in this review.
Animals ; Ear, Inner ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans

Taking the network course of pediatric dentistu-occlusal inducement as an example,this paper put forwards several aspects that should be focused on,including building a strong team to implement the project; taking advantage of muhimedia and providing rich teaching resources in various forms,breaking traditional teaching modes and taking full advantage of the characteristics of the network platform to provide students with individualized teaching service ; building self-regulatory system and real-time interactive platform for teachers and students; establishing long-term mechanism,cultivating a network course reserve team with modernization quality and updating teaching content constantly to let it become an open teaching platform Finally the paper explained the significance of network course construction and promotion.

Objective To investigate The effect of TAM(2.5 uM)in the chemotherapy of HCC and its mechanism. Methods An adriamycin-resistant human HCC cell subline(Hep-3B/ADM)was established,through exposure to gradually increased concentration of ADM.Drug sensitivity was measured by MTT.Modulation of ADM-induced apop- tosis of Hep-3B/ADM cells was assessed by Flow cytometry(FCM).PKC activity was determined by applying compet- itive protein binding method.Results TAM(2.5uM )decreased the IC50 of ADM from 1.64?g/mL to 0.23?g/mL in the Hep-3B/ADM cells.TAM exhibited a 2-fold potentiation on apoptosis caused by ADM in Hep-3B/ADM cells.With TAM,PKC activity was lower than that in control groups from 30 seconds to 24 hours.But this effect of TAM could be reversed by the co-treatment of the cells with TPA.Conclusion TAM(2.5 uM)significantly en- hanced ADM-induced cytotoxicity.The mechanism is that TAM potentiates the apoptosis induced by ADM through pro- tein kinase C inhibition.

C. Conclusion The optimal SINI TANG composition comprises three active components combined at clinical maximal dosage showed the best therapeutic efficacy, of which A is a key factor and B, C are necessary factors for the composition in SINI TANG.

Objective To compare the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation(HBO) and routine therapy on diabetic foot. Methods Thirty six subjects were randomized to HBO and routine groups. In HBO group,patients stayed in 0.25 MPa HBO chamber for 100 min,wearing masks and inhaling pure oxygen for 60 min,with 10 min interval.This treatment was performed once a day for 10 times as a course,altogether 2 courses for each patient.By means of hemorrheology and electromyograghy (EMG), and the color Doppler ultrasonograghy of lower extremities for detection of the microcirculation states of lower limbs, thirty six patients with diabetic foot were assessed. Results In HBO group all of patients showed that the abnormalities in hemorrheologic, EMG parameters, and the arteria lesions as revealed by Doppler ultrasonograghy were improved more or less compared with before the treatment( P

The effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) and verapamil(Ver)on hemo-dynamics of internal carotid artery and superior mesenteric artery were determined and compared in anesthetized Sprague ~ Dawley strain rats. PNS 30-150 mg ? kg-1 iv was shown to reduce the mean blood pressure, internal carotid arterial resistance and superior mesenteric arterial resistance by 11 % ~19%, 14%~27%,23%~ 39%respectively. Meanwhile, the mesenteric ar-terial blood flow increased.by 16%~51%. Ver showed similar reflects as PNS. The results indicated that the vasodilation effects of PNS and Ver are vascular selective, that is PNS and Ver are more potent in dilating the mesenteric artery than the internal carotid artery.

BACKGROUND:Nonunion is a common clinical problem of bone fracture. For decades, with the help of
internal/external fixation materials, popularization of microsurgical technique, innovation of bone graft materials, especial y molecular biology techniques, breakthrough progress has been made in the treatment of nonunion. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of treatment in nonunion and to provide better technology theory and choices of method for the treatment of nonunion in future.
METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database were retrieved by the first author for the articles related to reason and treatment method of nonunion published from January 1990 to May 2013. The key words were
“fracture nonunion, treatment, progress”. For the articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The repetitive and old articles were eliminated, and final y 48 articles were selected for further analysis. At present, two methods can be used in the treatment of nonunion, including
nonsurgical method and surgical method, the surgical method is utilized more frequently and more efficiency in clinic. Fracture healing is the complex process involving various aspects, and once the nonunion occurred,
different patients should be treated with different methods, and the combination of various surgical and
nonsurgical methods can be used if necessary to obtain satisfactory effect. But al the treatment methods should pay attention to soft tissue protection.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of the platelet parameters in tumor patients before or after radiochemotherapy.Methods The platelet parameters(PLT,PCT,MPV,PDW)were detected in 65 cases of tumor patients before and after radiochemotherapy by the Sysmex XN-1000 automatic hemacytology analyzer.Then the detection results were com-pared with those in the control group.Results Compared with the control group,PLT and MPV before therapy in the tumor pa-tients were significantly increased(P <0.01),but PCT and PDW had no statistical differences between the two goups(P >0.05). PLT,PCT and MPV after radiochemotherapy in the tumor patients were significantly lower than those before treated(P <0.01 ), but no statistically significant difference in PDW was found(P >0.05).Conclusion The measuration of platelet parameters in the tumor patients with radiochemotherapy has certain clinical significance to observe the status of the bone marrow suppression and es-timate the state of illness.

Objective　To evaluate the status of urological laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) technique in China.　Methods　We had conducted a systematic review of literatures of urological laparoendoscopic single-site surgery published from Chinese institutions using WanFang,CNKI,VIP,CBM,GoogleScholar and MEDLINE databases.All relevant articles were selected with consensus and analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.　Results　Overall,205 articles from 66 different centers all over China published between January 2009 and June 2012 were included in the analysis. Of which,there were 26 articles of science citation index papers and 179 articles from Chinese academic journals.The included literature was mainly composed of case series reports ( 133 articles,64.9％ ),comparison studies (13 articles,6.3％ ),reviews or comments (20 papers,9.8％ ),nursing related papers (28 pieces,13.7％ ),animal surgery studies (6 articles,2.9％ ),and training (5 articles,2.4％ ).A total of 1790 clinical cases were reported during the study period,56.9％ of these were procedures done in the upper urinary tract,only 5.8％ were in the lower urinary tract,and 37.3％ were genital or other procedures.Procedures of tumor-related and reconstruction required accounted for 18.8％ and 18.7％,respectively.Pure single-port technique was applied on 58.3％ of cases.In cases of a single-port platform used,45.6％ used the commercially available devices and 54.4％ used homemade devices.Transperitoneal accesses were adopted in 59.5％ of cases and the other 40.5％ were performed through extraperitoneal approaches.The umbilicus was used as the site of access in 58.5％ of cases.A total of 25 indications were reported,including adrenalectomy,nephrectomy and ureterolithotomy,etc. in the upper urinary tract,radical cystectomy,radical prostatectomy and transvesical enucleation of the prostate,etc.in the lower urinary tract,and varicocelectomy,orchidopexy and others. The three most often done procedures were varicocelectomy (601　cases,33.6％ ),renal cyst decortication (408 cases,22.8％ ) and adrenalectomy ( 179 cases,10.0％ ).The overall conversion rate was 5.5％,and complications were encountered in 3.4％ of cases.　Conclusions Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery has been widely adopted by Chinese urologists and largely covered the spectrum of conventional urologic laparoscopic procedures,with most of these being non-reconstructive operations for the treatment of benign diseases.In large,we are still under the initial stage of LESS application in urology.And more work on creative innovation and well-designed studies are needed to further evaluate its role in the urological minimally invasive surgery.