Objective To explore the design of pressure on breast for taking molybdenum target mammography after female's breast augmentation surgery.Methods The molybdenum target mammography in 26 patients were undergone breast augmentation surgery with hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel(HPAG) was performed under different breast pressure,the enduring ability on breast pressure for patients and the quality of axial and oblique images were compared between different pressure on breast.Results As the pressure on breast was 14 dan,the quality of images was not good,and the patients felt no pain on breast;the pressure was 18 dan,the quality of images was fine,and the pain on breast could be endured by patients.As the pressure was 20 dan,the quality of images was still fine,but the pain on breast was obvious.Conclusion It is suitable choosing the pressure of 18 dan on breast to take molybdenum target mammography for patients after breast augmentation surgery with HPAG.

Objective:To compare the human ??T lymphocytes expanded with HSP 70BCG and HSP 70 m-peptide complexes with those expanded with solid phase antibody in vitro.Methods:PBMCs were cultured with anti-TCR ?? antibody?HSP 70BCG and HSP 70 m -peptide complexes.The total cell number was counted.The flow cytometer was used to analyze the lymphocytes phenotypes and subtypes.RT-PCR was used to analyze the level of V? mRNA.The cytotoxitic activity of ??T cells against Daudi was determined using MTT calorimetric assay.Results:After 14 days of culture,in the antibody culture system,the total cell number increased about 30-40 fold,and the ratio of ??T cell reached to 86.3%;In the HSP 70BCG culture system,the total cell number increased about 7-8 fold,and the ratio of ??T cell reached to 71.23%;In the HSP 70-peptide complexes culture system,the total cell number increased about 4-5 fold,and the ratio of ??T cells reached to 27.26%.The antibody and HSP 70BCG activated ??T cells possessed a whole repertoire and mainly expressed V?9/V?2 subset and exhibited a strong cytotoxicity against Daudi.Conclusion:Anti-TCR ?? antibody and HSP 70BCG were able to proliferate purer ??T cells.The cells had a whole repertoire,and exhibited strong cytotoxicity against Daudi.

Objective To explore aspirin resistance (AR) and its relevant influencing factors in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Patients on MHD who visited Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from June 1 to 30,2011 were enrolled in this study.A total of 150 age and gender matched individuals with normal renal function were taken as control group.Anthropometric data,biochemistry parameters,ultrasonography and thromboelastograph (TEG) were inspected in the both groups.AR was defined as inhibiting rate of acetylsalicylic acid drugs [MA (AA)] ＞ 50％ by TEG.Results Among the total 391 patients on MHD,hypercoagulation was found in 18 patients (4.6％),nomal coagulation in 288 patients (73.7％) and hypocoagulation in 85 patients (21.7％).Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the reaction time (R) and the thrombus maxithrombelastic degree (MA) values were not correlated with the levels of hemoglobin and platelet in MHD patients.A total of 306 patients with hypercoagulation and normal coagulation were chosen as the MHD group.Compared with the control group,higher high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP),homocysteine (Hcy) and R value were observed in the MHD group (P ＜ 0.05),while MA was significantly lower in the MHD group.Statistically higher incidence of AR was shown in the MHD group (48.0％ vs 20.0％,P =0.00).Patients in the MHD group were divided into the AR group and the aspirin sensitive (AS) group by the result of TEG.Compared with the AS group,patients in the AR group were found to be older with a higher female/male ratio,longer dialysis sustained time,higher ratio of diabetes history,higher hsCRP,Hcy and fasting blood glucose (FBG) and MA.They also manifested a higher incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,peripheral vascular disease and arteriovenous fistulas with thrombosis with more spots of carotid artery and higher intima thickness of carotid artery (IMT) (all P values ＜0.05).Lower R value was shown in the AR group.Binary logistic regressive analysis revealed that the ratio of diabetes history,age and dialysis sustained time.Hcy and hsCRP were the independent risk factors for AR in patients on MHD.A total of 289 patients on MHD with atherosclerosis were followed up for the mean time of 18.0 months with no hemorrhage found in the process.Cox proportional hazards regression modeling demonstrated that AR was associated with the major adverse longterm outcome of the vascular events [HR =0.40,95 ％ CI 0.29-0.72,P =0.00].Conclusions The ratio of platetet activation in patients on MHD is significantly lower than in those with normal renal function.Small dose of aspirin could be prescribed for the patients on MHD with atherosclerosis to prevent vascular events.The incidence of AR is 48.0％ in the MHD group and the independent risk factors for AR in MHD patients are the ratio of diabetes history,age,dialysis sustained time,Hcy and hsCRP.AR is associated with the major adverse long-term outcome of acute vascular events.

Objective To investigate aspirin resistance (AR) and its related factors in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods The clinical data of 108 patients with stage 3-4CKD from nephrology department in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were collected (CKD group) ; and 110 age and sex-matched subjects with normal renal function served as control group.Anthropometric parameters,blood biochemistry index,ultrasonography and thromboelastograph (TEG) were examined in both groups; and inhibition ratio of arachidonic acid ＞ 50％ on TEG was defined as AR.Results The incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular disease,the incidence of peripheral vascular disease,ratio of female,the intimamedia thickness (IMT) of carotid artery,the levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP),homocysteine(Hcy),evaluated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) and maximal thrombelastodegree (MA) on TEG in CKD group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05),while R value was significantly lower in CKD group.Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the levels of MA,hsCRP,Hcy,IMT were positively correlated and R value was negatively correlated with eGFR in CKD group.The incidence of AR in CKD group (32.4％) was significantly higher than in control group (20.0％).According to TEG,the patients were divided into AR group (n =35) and aspirin sensitive (AS) group (n =73).The incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular disease,the incidence of peripheral vascular disease,ratio of female,IMT,ratio of diabetes,the levels of hsCRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose (FBG),eGFR and MA in AR group were significantly higher than those in AS group (all P ＜ 0.05),while R value was significantly lower in AR group.Binary logistic regressive analysis revealed that the ratio of diabete,FBG,eGFR,hsCRP were independent risk factors for AR in patients with stage 3-4 CKD.Conclusions CKD stage 3-4 is associated with increased ratio of platelet activation and atherosclerosis,and this condition is aggravated while eGFR declining.Incidence of AR is 32.4％ in this group of CKD patients,the independent risk factors of AR in CKD patients are the ratio of diabetes,FBG,eGFR and hsCRP.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tirofiban on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9)and sCD40L in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and to explore the potential mechanism of anti-artherosclerosis and stabilize plaque by Tirofiban.Methods Eighty-six patients with ACS were enrolled and were randomly divided into the control group and the Tirofiban group with different time periods after PCI.The expression of MMP-9 and sCD40L were tested by ELISA at 6 h,12 h,24 h,36 h after PCI.Results After application of Tirofiban 6 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,the expression of MMP-9 decreased from(228.25 ±0.015)ug/L to(53.56 ±0.02)μg/L and the expression of sCD40L decreased from(321.12 ±0.02)ng/L to(123.32 ±0.02)ng/L,compared with the control group,the difference was significant(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Tirofiban can inhibite the expression of sCD40L and MMP-9,the inhibition of the expression of MMP-9 may be related to the CD40/CD40L pathway.This effect may be one of the mechanism of reducing atherosclerotic plaque inflammation and preventing plaque rupture by Tirofiban.

OBJECTIVE To strengthen management of nosocomial infections in comprehensive intensive care unit so as to enhance medical treatment quality.METHODS Nosocomial infection administration department constituted the management institutions and standards of nosocomial infections with supervising,implementing targets monitoring.Comprehensive intensive care unit instituted several groups of nosocomial infection management and fulfiled the precautions and control measures.RESULTS By means of interventions and prophylaxes,the occurrence of nosocomial infection in comprehensive intensive care unit decreased.CONCLUSIONS It ensures for medical treatment quality and safe by strengthening the management of nosocomial infections.

The neonatal resuscitation program consisted of three stages:pilot promotion, provinces promotion and grass-roots promotion in China. Neonatal resuscitation was easy to learn, training forms were various, the duration was different. There were regional differences in the pass rate of examination and standard recovery rate. The neonatal resuscitation training rate, the system execution rate and the equipment rate in primary hospitals was lower than secondary hospitals and tertiary hospitals. The primary hospitals would be the key link of the neonatal resuscitation program. We suggested to build neonatal resuscitation training and treatment system.

Objective:To examine the effect of penetrating humanistic care educationin to gynecological clinical practice teaching to nursing students′humanistic care ability. Methods:A total of 236 nursing students in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were allocated to the experimental group ( n=123 ) with the clinical practice teaching methods, of which the core was training humanistic care ability, while the control group ( n=113) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University with the routine method, which mainly trained the operating skills. The humanistic caring ability between these two group students was compared. Results: Be-fore the internship, there was no statistical significance between the two groups (P>0. 05). After the internship, the rewere no significant difference ( P>0 . 05 ) in the scores of assisting to meet the basic needs,providing a good environment, andhelping to solve the difficulty. For the dimensions ofinfusing faith and hope,health education,humanistic and altruistic value,solving health problems scientifically,promoting emotional com-munication, and the total scale, the scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:In the clinical practice teaching, permeating humanistic care education helps to improve the nursing students′ability of humanistic care.

After the present situation and characteristics of literature novelty assessment of traditional Chinese medicine were described, the importance of characteristic traditional Chinese medicine literacy of literature novelty assessors of traditional Chinese medicine was elaborated, the effect of literature novelty assessors on the literature novelty assessment of traditional Chinese medicine and the training of literature novelty assessors were studied in order to provide reference for other colleges and universities or scientific research institutions.

Objective:To investigate the status of professional identity among student nurses and explore its influential factors.Methods:A total of 1,302 student nurses from 3 universities of different levels in Shaanxi Province were selected using stratified and cluster random sampling method and investigated by adopting Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students (PIQNS).Results:Student nurses in Shaanxi Province scored (57.56 ± 12.55) in professional identity,of which the lowest was independence of career choice in the 5 dimensions.It showed that educational status,gender,and the reasons to choose nursing specialty correlated to student nurses' professional identity (P ＜0.05).Conclusions:The professional identity of student nurses especially for the undergraduate nurses is not high,which should cause the attention of the nursing educators and nursing managers to stabilize nursing team.