Objective To explore the relationship of gallbladder emptying function and its hemodynamics in diabetic patients. Methods Gallbladder volume ,emptying function and its arterial blood flow were measured by ultrasound. Results The gallbladder volumes of fasting (FV ) and postprandial (RV) increased and the ejection fraction (EF) of gallbladder was decreased in DM group than in NC group (P<0.01). In DM group ,the gallbladder artery’s resistance index (RI) was higher than in NC group [(0.61 ± 0.06) vs (0.70 ± 0.08)](P<0.01). Minimum diastolic blood flow velocity (Vmin) was lower than in NC group [(8.72 ± 1.43) vs (6.05 ± 1.89)cm/s](P<0.01). RI was associated with HbA1c (r= 0.827 ,P< 0.01) and LDL‐C(r= 0.820 ,P< 0.01). Conclusion Gallbladder emptying dysfunction in diabetic patients is associated with the hemodynamics of gallbladder.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at extensors plus acupoints based on syndrome differentiation on the wrist-ankle activity in post-stroke hemiplegia. Method A total of 168 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, 84 cases each. Both groups were prescribed with Western medication, based on which, the control group received electroacupuncture at acupoints based on syndrome differentiation, and the treatment group received electroacupuncture at extensors plus acupoints based on syndrome differentiation. The changes of electromyography (EMG) in the two groups after the intervention were observed, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 95.1% in the treatment group versus 91.0% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After the intervention, the EMG of extensor carpi radialis in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05); the between-group difference was statistically insignificant in comparing the EMG of tibialis anterior muscle (P>0.05), but the intra-group differences were statistically significant in both groups(P<0.05). The value of M-amp/H-amp was changed significantly in both groups after the treatment (P<0.01), but the between-group difference was statistically insignificant after the treatment (P>0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at extensors plus acupoints based on syndrome differentiation can increase the motor unit of carpi radialis and decrease the spasm of gastrocnemius in post-stroke hemiplegia, and consequently produce a remarkable clinical efficacy.

Objective With multi?center investigation, to assess the life quality of patients with maintained hemodialysis (MHD) in Liaoning Province and to explore the relationship among the mineral metabolism, the life quality of the patients with MHD, and the repeated hospitalization within the latest three years. Methods 1192 patients with hemodialysis (at least 3 months) from January to March in 2015 at ten blood purification centers in Liaoning Province were selected for the cross?————————sectional survey. The Kidney Health?related Quality of Life (HRQOL) version 1.3 was used to evaluate the MHD patients' life quality. The total length of hospitalization was divided into four groups: 0 days, 3 to 15 days, 16 to 30 days and above 30 days. Results When serum calcium value ranged from 2.1 to 2.5 mmol/L, kidney?disease component summary (KDCS), mental component summary (MCS), physical component summary (PCS) and SF?36+KDCS corresponded to a higher value (P<0.05). When serum phosphorus value ranged from 1.13 to 1.78 mmol/L, KDCS and SF?36+KDCS corresponded to a higher value (P<0.05). When the calcium phosphorus product value ranged from 40.68 to 49.94, MCS corresponded to a higher value (P<0.05). KDCS showed a linear correlation with age (P<0.001), dialysis age, serum calcium (less than or equal to 2.5 mmol/L) (P<0.05); PCS showed a linear correlation with age (P<0.001) and dialysis age (P<0.05); SF?36+KDCS showed a linear correlation with age (P<0.001), and serum calcium (less than or equal to 2.5 mmol/L) (P<0.05), while age and dialysis age were negatively correlated. The hospitalization days showed a linear correlation with age, dialysis age (P<0.001) and serum phosphorus, calcium phosphorus product value (P<0.05), while dialysis age and calcium phosphorus product value were negatively correlated. Among different groups of total hospitalization days in three years, age, hemodialysis age, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, calcium?phosphorus product value and quality of life values were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The life quality of patients with MHD were correlated with serum calcium, phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product value, iPTH, dialysis age and age, while age and dialysis age were of negative correlation. The total number of hospitalization days in 3 years was closely linearly correlated with age and dialysis age, significantly correlated with serum phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product value, while dialysis age, calcium and phosphorus product value were in a negative correlation. The total number of hospitalization in 3 years was correlated with the patients' age, dialysis age, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product value and quality of life.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of professional identification between compassion fatigue and death coping ability of nurses in the oncology department, and to provide a basis for strengthening their professional identification, reducing their compassion fatigue and improving their death coping ability.Methods:From October to December 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 350 nurses in the oncology department from 12 hospitals in Hebei Province using the convenience sampling method. General Data Questionnaire, Professional Identification Scale for Nurse, Compassion Fatigue Self Test and Death Coping Ability Scale were used to conduct an online survey. The relationship among the three was statistically analyzed with SPSS 25.0, and the structural equation model was established using the AMOS 23.0 software to analyze the mediating effect of professional identification between compassion fatigue and death coping ability.Results:A total of 326 valid questionnaires were collected. Among such 326 nurses in the oncology department, including 12 males and 314 females, 121 were aged 21-30 years old, 153 were aged 31-40 years old, 42 were aged 41-50 years old, and 10 were aged 51-60 years old. The professional identification score of oncology nurses was (108.96 ± 20.29) points, the empathy fatigue score was (81.30 ± 9.00) points, and the death coping ability score was (112.39 ± 23.52) points.Pearson correlation analysis showed that compassion fatigue was negatively correlated with professional identification and death coping ability( r = - 0.428, - 0.326, both P<0.01), while occupational identity was positively correlated with death coping ability ( r = 0.565, P<0.01). Professional identification played a partial mediating role between compassion fatigue and death coping ability of nurses in the oncology department, and the mediating effect was - 0.34, accounting for 52.3% of the total effect. Conclusions:In this study, the professional identification score of nurses in the oncology department was at a moderate level, the compassion fatigue score was at the moderate to severe level, and the death coping ability score was at a moderate level. Professional identification is an important mediating variable between compassion fatigue and death coping ability of nurses in the oncology department that improve their professional identification, reduce their compassion fatigue and improve their death coping ability.

OBJECTIVETo construct a humulus pollen allergy DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-Hum and investigate its effect for immune protection mediated by Foxp3(+)Treg cells in asthmatic mice.

METHODSThe target humulus gene obtained from pTripIEx2-Hum plasmid by double enzyme digestion was inserted sequentially into pcDNA3.1(-) vector to generate the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-Hum, which was validated by sequencing. The pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells and the expression of the ectopic protein was analyzed using Western blotting. Co-cultured dendritic cells and CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells were stimulated with the expressed protein to test its efficacy in inducing Foxp3(+)Treg cells. The levels of humulus-specific IgE and IgG2a were assayed to evaluate the allergenicity and immunogenicity of pcDNA3.1-Hum in mice. The immunoprotective effect of pcDNA3.1-Hum was assessed in a mouse model of humulus-specific asthma.

RESULTSThe constructed pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was validated by sequencing and Western blotting, and the expressed protein was shown to induce Foxp3(+)Treg cells in the co-culture. In normal mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum induced a significant increase of humulus-specific IgG2a but had no effect on IgE. In the asthmatic mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum significantly decreased inflammatory cell counts and eosinophil percentages in the BALF, ameliorated lung inflammation, and lowered AHR and IL-4 levels; immunization of the mice with pcDNA3.1-Hum reversed humulus-induced reduction of serum IFN-γ and prevented the humulus-triggered reduction of Foxp3(+)Treg cell percentage in the spleen.

CONCLUSIONWe have successfully constructed a highly immunogenic pcDNA3.1-Hum DNA vaccine that can mediate immune protection by inducing Foxp3(+)Treg cells.

Allergens ; immunology ; Animals ; Asthma ; immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humulus ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; cytology ; immunology ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

Objective To construct a humulus pollen allergy DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-Hum and investigate its effect for immune protection mediated by Foxp3+Treg cells in asthmatic mice. Methods The target humulus gene obtained from pTripIEx2-Hum plasmid by double enzyme digestion was inserted sequentially into pcDNA3.1(-) vector to generate the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-Hum, which was validated by sequencing. The pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells and the expression of the ectopic protein was analyzed using Western blotting. Co-cultured dendritic cells and CD4+CD25-T cells were stimulated with the expressed protein to test its efficacy in inducing Foxp3+Treg cells. The levels of humulus-specific IgE and IgG2a were assayed to evaluate the allergenicity and immunogenicity of pcDNA3.1-Hum in mice. The immunoprotective effect of pcDNA3.1-Hum was assessed in a mouse model of humulus-specific asthma. Results The constructed pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was validated by sequencing and Western blotting, and the expressed protein was shown to induce Foxp3+Treg cells in the co-culture. In normal mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum induced a significant increase of humulus-specific IgG2a but had no effect on IgE. In the asthmatic mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum significantly decreased inflammatory cell counts and eosinophil percentages in the BALF, ameliorated lung inflammation, and lowered AHR and IL-4 levels; immunization of the mice with pcDNA3.1-Hum reversed humulus-induced reduction of serum IFN-γ and prevented the humulus-triggered reduction of Foxp3+Treg cell percentage in the spleen. Conclusion We have successfully constructed a highly immunogenic pcDNA3.1-Hum DNA vaccine that can mediate immune protection by inducing Foxp3+Treg cells.

Objective To construct a humulus pollen allergy DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-Hum and investigate its effect for immune protection mediated by Foxp3+Treg cells in asthmatic mice. Methods The target humulus gene obtained from pTripIEx2-Hum plasmid by double enzyme digestion was inserted sequentially into pcDNA3.1(-) vector to generate the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-Hum, which was validated by sequencing. The pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells and the expression of the ectopic protein was analyzed using Western blotting. Co-cultured dendritic cells and CD4+CD25-T cells were stimulated with the expressed protein to test its efficacy in inducing Foxp3+Treg cells. The levels of humulus-specific IgE and IgG2a were assayed to evaluate the allergenicity and immunogenicity of pcDNA3.1-Hum in mice. The immunoprotective effect of pcDNA3.1-Hum was assessed in a mouse model of humulus-specific asthma. Results The constructed pcDNA3.1-Hum plasmid was validated by sequencing and Western blotting, and the expressed protein was shown to induce Foxp3+Treg cells in the co-culture. In normal mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum induced a significant increase of humulus-specific IgG2a but had no effect on IgE. In the asthmatic mice, pcDNA3.1-Hum significantly decreased inflammatory cell counts and eosinophil percentages in the BALF, ameliorated lung inflammation, and lowered AHR and IL-4 levels; immunization of the mice with pcDNA3.1-Hum reversed humulus-induced reduction of serum IFN-γ and prevented the humulus-triggered reduction of Foxp3+Treg cell percentage in the spleen. Conclusion We have successfully constructed a highly immunogenic pcDNA3.1-Hum DNA vaccine that can mediate immune protection by inducing Foxp3+Treg cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of prostaglandin family(PGs)on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods HepG2 cells,a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line,were used as the research subject.The experiment was set up as a control group(Ctrl),fatty change group(FFA),prostaglandin B2(PGB2,10 μg/mL)treatment group,15-keto-prostaglandin E2(15-keto-PGE2,10 μg/mL)treatment group,and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a(8-iso-PGF2α,10 μg/mL)treatment group.Cell activity was determined by the thiazolyl blue(MTT)assay and lipid deposition was detected by the oil red O staining.The expression levels of inflammatory factors and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrates(p-IRS)were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western blot,respectively.In addition,15 SPF-grade male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a basic group(CD group,n=5,fed with 10％low-fat forage for 16 weeks),high-fat group(HFD group,n=5,fed with 60％high-fat forage for 16 weeks to model NAFLD),and PGB2 group(n=5,given 20 μg/kg PGB2 daily by tail vein injection for 2 weeks after 16 weeks of 60％high-fat diet feeding).The glucose tolerance level of the mice was detected by the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test(IPGTT)and the degree of hepatic steatosis was determined by HE staining.Results Oil red O staining showed that PGs had no sig-nificant effect on the lipid deposition of NAFLD,but PGs were able to alleviate the inflammation associated with NAFLD.qRT-PCR re-sults showed that compared with the Ctrl group,the levels of IL-1β in the FFA group increased by 2.274±0.550 times(P=0.002 8),while under the action of 50 μg/mL PGB2,10 μg/mL 15-keto-PGE2 and 10 μg/mL 8-iso-PGF2α,the levels of IL-1β decreased to 0.720±0.036 times(P=0.003 1),0.857±0.225 times(P=0.006 4),and 1.767±0.725 times(P=0.029 7),respectively.Western blot results showed that after PGs treatment,the expression level of p-IRS protein was increased.The body weights of mice in the CD group,HFD group and PGB2 group were(28.560±2.028)g,(49.300±0.667)g,and(40.840±4.043)g,respectively,with statisti-cally significant differences between the groups(P=0.001 7).Moreover,the glucose tolerance results in the PGB2 group were better than those in the HFD group.HE staining results showed compared with the HFD group,the degree of hepatic steatosis in the PGB2 group was reduced.Conclusion PGB2,15-keto-PGE2,and 8-iso-PGF2α in the prostaglandin family can alleviate the occurrence and development of NAFLD by alleviating IL-1β-mediated inflammation,upregulating the expression of p-IRS,promoting the transmission of insulin signaling,and attenuating insulin resistance.

Objective To assess the association between early adiposity rebound (AR) and indices of obesity and metabolic risk in 5-year-old children. Methods Based on Ma’anshan Birth Cohort Study (MABC), single live births born in Ma'anshan of Anhui province from October 2013 to April 2015 were followed for up to 5 years consecutively. As of August 2019, 720 children with continuous measurements (≥8 times) and metabolic indicators were obtained. Physical examination and laboratory tests were used to obtain information on the birth status, length/height, weight, waist circumference, body composition and metabolic indicators of children. The 2 test, F test, t-test, non-parametric test, general linear model and logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results 43.5% of the children had AR≤4 years. After controlling for gender, it was found that earlier AR was associated with overweight/obesity (OR=2.71, 95%CI: 1.81~4.05), larger waist circumference (OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.25~2.82), and body fat percentage ≥90th percentile (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.26~3.48). In the earlier AR group, the insulin resistance and metabolic score were higher, but the difference was not statistically significant. At 5 years of age, the prevalence of obesity and overweight was 6.0% and 12.8%, respectively. Children with overweight/obesity, larger waist circumference, higher waist-to-weight ratio and body fat percentage ≥ 90th percentile were associated with higher insulin resistance and metabolic score, and all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusion Earlier AR increased the risk of overweight/obesity, larger waist circumference, and body fat percentage ≥90th percentile at age of 5 years. Each index of the commonly used measures of childhood obesity was closely related with insulin resistance and metabolic risk factors at 5 years old.