OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors in nosocomial infection of senile dementia patients and the measures of prevention.METHODS On the basis of investigation among 352 senile dementia patients in our hospital from 2001 to 2004 to analyze nosocomial infection.RESULTS The rate of nosocomial infection among 352 senile dementia patients was 37.8%.The infection site was mainly in respiratory tract,secondly in urinary tract.The vital risk factors of nosocomial infection included: old age,the duration of hospitalization,chronic underlying diseases,antibiotic,surroundings of ward,invasive manipulation and psychotic medicine.CONCLUSIONS According to the risk factors of nosocomial infection,it is serious to use effective measures of prevention and to low the rate of among senile dementia patients.

Purpose To discuss the main index of the colour ultrasonographic diagnosis of children's left Renal Vein Entrapment Sydrome(LRVES).Methods By colour ultrasonography,urine microscope examination and urine Ca/Cr ratio determination,eighty-two LRVES children were diagnosed and compared with forty healthy children.Observed at supine position whether narrow caused by pressure or the expanding phenomenon of LRV after being pressed,to examine the ratio of the abdominal aorta(AO) left internal diameter(a) to the front internal diameter(b) of LRV,by using CDFI,blood flow rate in the left lateral position of LRV was judged.Simultaneously,the angle(?) between superio mesentery artery(SMA) and AO was detected.Then standing upright for twenty minutes,and determined a/b ratio.Results In the LRVES group,the LRV blood vessels become narrower,a/b was over 3 at supine position,after standing upright for twenty minutes,a/b was over 4;and LRV blood flow rate becomes slower,? angle becomes smaller,compared with the healthy group,there was statistical significance.Conclusions The main indexes of the LRVES of ultrasonographic diagnosis is to observe the a/b ratio of LRV before and after being pressed (lying on the back and standing upright for twenty minutes) and to detecte the blood flow rate of LRV before pressure and judege the angle between SMA and AO.

Objective To distinguish diagnostic value of colour ultrasonography in parotid gland masses. Methods With high frequency probe, 10MHz, the colour ultrasonic imaging of 38 cases parotid gland masses were comparatively studied with operation and pathology.Results By the B-ultrasonic and colour doppler flow imaging of parotid gland masses were comprehensive analyzed, the parotid gland masses were diagnosed for the great majority of the cases in preoperation.Conclusions The colour ultrasonography has relatively high value in the differential diagnosis of parotid gland masses.

OBJECTIVE To determine distribution of pathogens and resistance characteristic in urinary infection and to provide basis for clinicians to select antibiotics correctly.METHODS A total of 272 strains of pathogens were identified and ESBLs-producing G-bacilli were detected.RESULTS Among 272 strains,68.4% of G-bacilli,19.1% of G+cocci,12.5% of fungi,41.1% of Escherichia coli and 18.2% of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains produced ESBLs.CONCLUSIONS G-bacilli are major pathogens of urinary infection and their resistance is raised.Much attention should be paid to resistance detection.It is important to control nosocomial infection and select antibiotics correctly.

The process of diagnosis and nursing of a case with human granulocytic anaplasmosis who was confirmed by etiological diagnosis and molecular biology analysis was analyzed.The matters needing attention in nursing and nosocomial infection control were discussed and analyzed.To avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment,cross infection,reduce pain and economic burden of the patients,to provide references for future diagnosis and treatment of human granulocytic anaplasmosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation between drug-resistant genes and mobile genetic elements in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli,and to explore phylogeny among the strains.MethodsTotally 20 strains of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli were collected from Pan' an Hospital,Zhejiang Province during June 2009 and June 2010.Beta-lactam-resistance genes,aminoglycoside-resistance genes,genetic markers of mobile genetic elements were analyzed by PCR.Index and sample cluster analysis were performed on above results. Results In 20 strains of Escherichia coli,4 kinds of beta-lactamresistance genes,4 kinds of aminoglycoside-resistance genes,and 5 kinds of genetic markers of mobile genetic elements were detected.Index cluster analysis showed that correlation existed between resistance genes TEM,CTX-M-1,aadA5 and mobile genetic elements traA,IS26,ISEcpl; and correlation also existed between resistance genes OXA-1,aac(6′)-Ⅰ b,ant(3)-Ⅰ,rmtB and mobile genetic elements trbC,IS903.Sample cluster analysis showed that this group of Escherichia coli could be divided into 2 groups which were genetically different.ConclusionsDrug-resistant genes in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli are correlated with mobile genetic elements.Sample cluster analysis can reveal phylogeny among the strains,which is important for hospital infection control.

Objective To explore the mechanism of the experimental periodontitis and initial periodontal therapy on insulin resistance of obese rats associated with periodontitis.Methods Blood samples were collected from SD rats of obese group,periodontitis associated with obese group,periodontal therapy group and control group.Body index,data about insulin resistance and Observed pathological changes were calculated.Results Comparison of four groups:more severe insulin resistance and islet structural dysfunction was observed in obesity with periodontitis group than that of group with obesity alone.After periodontal therapy,inflammation and insulin resistance may be improved.Results from pathological specimens also supported this result.Conclusions The periodontitis with obesity can enhance the inflammatory state of obesity and cause the deterioration of insulin resistance.The initial periodontal treatment can relieve the inflammation of obesity with periodontitis and improve the resistance of insulin.It may be the reason of insulin resistance when obesity with periodontitis that the signaling pathways of IRS-1 and IRS-2 blocked,and PDX-1,GK,GLUT and other protein expression inhibited.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between infection with L-form of Helicobacter pylori (Hp-L) and the expressions of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in gastric cancer.

METHODSHp-L was examined in 80 gastric carcinoma and 50 adjacent normal tissues by Gram staining and immunohistochemical staining, and the expressions of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemical staining; the expression of MIF mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the expression of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF proteins were detected by Western blotting in 30 fresh gastric cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues.

RESULTSOf the 80 gastric carcinoma tissues, 57 (71.25%) showed Hp-L positivity detected by both Gram staining and immunohistochemical staining, as compared with a rate of only 14% in the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). The gastric carcinoma tissues showed higher expression levels of MIF, MMP9 and VEGF proteins than the corresponding adjacent normal mucosa; the positivity MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF proteins were significantly higher in Hp-L-positive gastric carcinoma than in Hp-L-negative cases (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between Hp-L positivity and the expressions of MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF (r=0.598, 0.292, 0.341, respectively, P<0.05). The 30 fresh gastric cancer tissues showed also significantly higher MIF mRNA expression and MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF protein expressions than the adjacent tissues (t=3.729, P<0.01). The expressions of MIF and MMP-9 were also related to the clinicopathological factors including lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONInfection with L-form of Hp-L can be an important factor that contributes to the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, the mechanism of which involves up-regulated expressions of MIF, MMP-9 and VEGF.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; pathology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; L Forms ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; microbiology ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Malignant tumor has become an urgent threat to global public healthcare. Because of the heterogeneity of tumor, single therapy presents great limitations while synergistic therapy is arousing much attention, which shows desperate need of intelligent carrier for co-delivery. A core‒shell dual metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) system was delicately designed in this study, which not only possessed the unique properties of both materials, but also provided two individual specific functional zones for co-drug delivery. Photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) were stepwisely encapsulated into the nanopores of MIL-88 core and ZIF-8 shell to construct a synergistic photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy nanoplatform. Except for efficient drug delivery, the MIL-88 could be functioned as a nanomotor to convert the excessive hydrogen peroxide at tumor microenvironment into adequate oxygen for photodynamic therapy. The DOX release from MIL-88-ICG@ZIF-8-DOX nanoparticles was triggered at tumor acidic microenvironment and further accelerated by near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. The

Pulmonary drug delivery has attracted increasing attention in biomedicine, and porous particles can effectively enhance the aerosolization performance and bioavailability of drugs. However, the existing methods for preparing porous particles using porogens have several drawbacks, such as the inhomogeneous and uncontrollable pores, drug leakage, and high risk of fragmentation. In this study, a series of cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) particles containing homogenous nanopores were delicately engineered without porogens. Compared with commercial inhalation carrier, CD-MOF showed excellent aerosolization performance because of the homogenous nanoporous structure. The great biocompatibility of CD-MOF in pulmonary delivery was also confirmed by a series of experiments, including cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis ratio test, lung function evaluation,