1.Acute renal failure and hepatitis: A rare manifestation of typhoid fever - A case report.
Wahinuddin Sulaiman ; Gunavathy M. ; Muhaini Othman
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2007;14(1):65-66
Hepatitis complicating typhoid fever has been previously reported widely. Occurrence of acute renal failure and hepatitis together is extremely rare. A case report of complicated acute renal failure and hepatitis in a typhoid patient is reported and discussed.
Hepatitis
;
Typhoid Fever
;
Kidney Failure, Acute
;
Case Report
;
occurrence
2.Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate using Serum Cystatin C in Overweight and Obese Subjects
M N Norli Marwyne ; A G Halim ; K Norella ; T Sulaiman ; M I Zaleha
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2011;66(4):313-317
Background: Obesity and overweight are strong
independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Using serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations in these subjects may be inaccurate. On the other hand, cystatin C–based eGFR equations may overestimate CKD prevalence as recent findings suggest an association of cystatin C with obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of a cystatin C–based eGFR equation compared to two creatinine –based eGFR equations in overweight and obese subjects.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study which
recruited healthy volunteers aged 18-55 years with a body
mass index (BMI) ≥ 23kg/m² (Asia Pacific Guidelines). Their
renal profiles, serum cystatin C and 99m technetium
diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (⁹⁹mTc-DTPA) scans were
performed on the same day. The correlations and accuracy of
the creatinine-based and cystatin C-based eGFR equations
with the ⁹⁹mTc-DTPA GFR were determined.
Results: One hundred and one subjects with a median age of
30.0 (27.0-43.5) years and mean BMI of 28.7 ± 4.5 kg/m2 were recruited. The cystatin C-based eGFR equation showed the best correlation with the ⁹⁹mTc-DTPA GFR (r=0.526, p=0.001) and was more accurate in measuring abnormal GFR
compared to the creatinine-based eGFR equations.
Conclusion: Our study showed that the cystatin C-based
eGFR equation was more accurate, sensitive and specific in
overweight and obese subjects compared to the creatininebased eGFR equations.
3.The Contribution of Reproductive Factors and Family History towards Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
S Mohd Razif ; S Sulaiman ; S Soraya Hanie ; E Nor Aina ; M Rohaizak ; I Fuad ; M I Nurismah ; N A Sharifah
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2011;66(3):220-226
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Malaysian
women. This study aimed to determine the reproductive for
premenopausal breast cancer risk in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia. A case-control study was conducted in 216
histopathologically confirmed cases of premenopausal
breast cancer and 216 community-based controls that were
matched by age within a 5-year period and ethnicity. The
results of this study showed that premenopausal breast
cancer risks were strongly related to parity, number of live births and family history of breast cancer. Premenopausal women with these known reproductive and family history risk factors should take extra measures to undergo appropriate screening method for early detection of breast cancer
4.The SLC29A3 variant, neutrophilic dermatosis, and hyperferritinemia imitate systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a Saudi child: a case report
Shahad ALANSARI ; Alhanouf ALSALEEM ; Tariq ALZAID ; Maad GALAL ; Noura ALYAHYA ; Sulaiman M AL-MAYOUF
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2023;30(2):133-137
Genetic defects of SLC29A3 result in a wide range of syndromic histiocytosis that encompasses H syndrome. Patients with SLC29A3 variants typically have hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hepatosplenomegaly, sensorineural hearing loss, diabetes mellitus, and hypogonadism. Herein, we identify a novel phenotype in a girl presenting with clinical and laboratory findings similar to systemic juvenile arthritis and hyperferritinemia. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous variant in SLC29A3 (NM_018344.5: c.707C>T [p.T236M]). Our patient did not show the cardinal features of the broad spectrum of SLC29A3-related disorders. She demonstrated remarkable improvement in her clinical and laboratory manifestations after starting interleukin-1 blockade (Anakinra). Recent research suggests that SLC29A3-related disorders are accompanied with autoinflammation and autoimmunity due to an overactive inflammasome pathway, which is most likely induced by mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction. Hence, our findings may expand the phenotypic features of the SLC29A3 variant. Patients with the SLC29A3 variant and systemic inflammation may benefit from interleukin-1 blockade as a therapeutic option.
5.Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of autoantibody profile in children with monogenic lupus
Sulaiman M. AL-MAYOUF ; Alaa HAMAD ; Wassima KAIDALI ; Raghad ALHUTHIL ; Alhanouf ALSALEEM
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2024;31(3):143-150
Objective:
To report the frequency of selected autoantibodies and their associations with clinical features in Arab children with monogenic lupus.
Methods:
This study was retrospective single-center study of genetically confirmed monogenic lupus cases at childhood lupus clinic at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, from June 1997 to July 2022. We excluded familial lupus without genetic testing and patients with insufficient data. Collected data comprised clinical and laboratory findings, including the autoantibody profile, which included the anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), anti-Smith, anti–Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A (anti-SSA), anti–Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen B (anti-SSB), and antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies. Also, disease activity and accrual disease damage were collected at the last follow-up visit.
Results:
This study enrolled 27 Arab patients (14 males) with a median age of 11 years (interquartile range 8.0~16 years), with 63% having early-onset disease. The consanguinity rate and family history of lupus were high (74.1% and 55.6%, respectively).The most frequent clinical features were hematological (96.3%), fever (81.5%), mucocutaneous lesions (85.2%), and renal (66.7%).The frequency of the APL antibodies was 59.3%, anti-dsDNA was 55.6%, and anti-Smith and anti-SSA were 48.2% and 44.4%, respectively. Moreover, dsDNA antibodies were significantly associated with musculoskeletal complaints (p<0.05). Likewise, both anti-Smith and anti-SSA antibodies were linked to failure to thrive and recurrent infections in the univariate analysis (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Our study reveals autoantibody frequencies and their association with clinical and prognostic in a substantial monogenic lupus cohort. Distinct clinical manifestations and prognosis association with certain autoantibodies support the idea that monogenic lupus is a distinctive form of lupus. Larger studies needed to validate these findings.
6.First study of pattern of anaphylaxis in a large tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia
Farrukh SHEIKH ; Rashid AMIN ; Agha M REHAN KHALIQ ; Talal AL OTAIBI ; Samia AL HASHIM ; Sulaiman AL GAZLAN
Asia Pacific Allergy 2015;5(4):216-221
BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that may cause death. The signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis have not been examined in the Saudi population before. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the signs, symptoms, triggers, and demographic patterns of patients treated for anaphylaxis at a large tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: All the patients who were prescribed new prescriptions of adrenaline auto-injectors (AAs) between February 1, 2010 and December 31, 2011 were included in this study. Information was collected using a standardized form. RESULTS: There were 238 patients who were analyzed. The median age at the time of first AA prescription was 15.5 years. Female to male ratio was 52:48 and 54% of the subjects were more than 18 years of age. There were some differences in the presenting signs and symptoms observed in our study compared with similar studies from around the world. Urticaria and angioedema were the most common at about 70% across all ages, followed by shortness of breath at 28%. Some triggers were found to be more common in our region. Food was the commonest trigger for anaphylaxis including tree nuts, egg, and sesame. Drug allergy was also a common trigger, with penicillins and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being the commonest. Regarding insect allergy, samsam ant was the commonest trigger in our study. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study on anaphylaxis in Saudi Arabia. Some of the manifestations of anaphylaxis are significantly different in our population study compared to previously published data from other parts of the world. While managing anaphylaxis, we should be mindful of these differences. This improved understanding should help reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with anaphylaxis in our region.
Anaphylaxis
;
Angioedema
;
Ants
;
Drug Hypersensitivity
;
Dyspnea
;
Epinephrine
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hypersensitivity
;
Insects
;
Male
;
Mortality
;
Nuts
;
Ovum
;
Penicillins
;
Prescriptions
;
Saudi Arabia
;
Sesamum
;
Tertiary Healthcare
;
Trees
;
Urticaria
7.Reconstruction of Secondary Type Congenital Hallux Varus with Modification of the Farmer Technique for Cover of Skin Defect: Report of Three Cases
Sulaiman AR ; Munajat I ; M-Yusuf H ; Nik-Jaffar NMS ; Zarullail NH ; Mohd EF ; Johari NA
Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal 2019;13(3):72-76
The reconstruction of hallux varus deformity involves the release of contracted medial structure and realignment of the phalange, leaving a significant skin defect which requires cover. Farmer described proximal based rotational skin flap from the first web space to cover the defect. This technique may compromise the circulation to the flap and risk to the lateral digital vessels. We modified his technique to address these issues. We report a successful reconstruction using the Farmer’s technique on one patient and a modified technique on three patients. We used the excess skin from the extra digit to cover the medial defect. We found this modified technique of skin cover safe without risk of injuring the neurovascular bundle. There was no recurrence of deformity at last foolow-up. All patients were able to wear normal shoes.
8.Antibacterial and antibiotic potentiating capabilities of extracts isolated from Burkillanthus malaccensis, Diospyros hasseltii and Cleisthanthus bracteosus against human pathogenic bacteria
Kathirvalu, G. ; Chandramathi, S. ; Azahar, S.A. ; Atiya, N. ; Begum, S. ; Christophe, W. ; Sulaiman, M. ; Abdullah, N. ; Mani, R.R. ; Jindal, H.M. ; Zulkipli, M.
Tropical Biomedicine 2023;40(No.2):152-159
Antibiotics which once a boon in medicine and saved millions of lives are now facing an ever-growing
menace of antibacterial resistance, which desperately needs new antibacterial drugs which are innovative
in chemistry and mode of action. For many years, the world has turned to natural plants with antibacterial
properties to combat antibiotic resistance. On that basis, we aimed to identify plants with antibacterial
and antibiotic potentiating properties. Seventeen different extracts of 3 plants namely Burkillanthus
malaccensis, Diospyros hasseltii and Cleisthanthus bracteosus were tested against multi-drug resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).
Antibacterial activity of hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts of bark, seed, fruit, flesh and leaves
from these plants were tested using, disk diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and
minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Antibiotic potentiating capabilities were tested using
time-kill assay. B. malaccensis fruit chloroform extract showed the biggest zone of inhibition against MRSA
(13.00±0.0 mm) but C. bracteosus bark methanol extract showed the biggest inhibition zone against
MSSA (15.33±0.6 mm). Interestingly, bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus was active against MRSA
(8.7±0.6 mm), MSSA (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-positive) and A. baumannii (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-negative).
Overall, the leaf methanol and bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus warrants further investigation
such as compound isolation and mechanism of action for validating its therapeutic use as antibiotic
potentiator importantly against MRSA and A. baumannii.
9.Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira in Rats and Phylogenetic Analysis Using Outer Membrane Lipoprotein Lipl32 Gene at Two Major Public Markets
Steffi Julan Wan ; Nurshahira Sulaiman ; Nurul Farhana Zulkifli ; Vasantha Kumari Neela ; Hui Yee Chee ; Siti Norbaya Masri ; Nurul Huda Mohamad Ikbal ; Subha Bhassu ; Hasmahzaiti Omar ; Mazen M. Jamil Al-Obaidi ; Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2022;18(No.2):1-5
Introduction: Limited studies have been documented on the presence of pathogenic Leptospira in public markets
serving the community in sub-districts of Selangor. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of pathogenic
Leptospira in rats using a gene encoding an outer membrane lipoprotein LipL32. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using LipL32 primers on sixty kidney samples of rats trapped at two locations of study;
Pasar Borong Selangor in Seri Kembangan and Pasar Basah Bandar Baru Bangi in Bangi. Results: Out of 60 samples
analysed, 36.7% were positive for the presence of LipL32. All positive samples highly matched (>94%) nucleotide
sequence for LipL32 of pathogenic Leptospira and related to the pathogens through phylogenetic analysis. Conclusion: The detection of LipL32 indicates the potential presence of pathogenic Leptospira species at public markets.
Although only 60 rats were successfully trapped, the rats are mobile and might further transmit the pathogenic organisms to other areas.