PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine economic stress, depression, suicidal ideation, resilience and social support in college students and to examine the correlation between these variables. METHODS: The participants were 157 3th and 4th year college students. Data were collected in September and October, 2016. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. RESULTS: Students' economic hardship and worry about future economic security, sub-categories of economic stress had positive correlations with depression and suicidal ideation. Economic hardship showed a significant negative correlation with resilience but no correlation with social support while worry about future economic security had negative correlations with resilience and social support. Factors significantly influencing suicidal ideation were depression (β=.37, p<.001) and social support (β=−.31, p<.001), with a total explanatory power of 36% (F=9.09, p<.001). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that intervention strategies for managing economic stress in college students should include developing resilience and providing social support as well as decreasing depression and suicidal ideation.
Depression* ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation*

suicidal ideation in Korean firefighters.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were obtained from the Firefighter Research: Enhancement of Safety & Health (FRESH) Study, which was designed to investigate the effects of job characteristics on mental and physical health among Korean firefighters. A total of 18101 firefighters were chosen from a nationwide sample. The Korean Emotional Labor Scale (K-ELS) was used to evaluate exposure to emotional labor, which consisted of five sub-factors: emotional demand and regulation, overload and conflict in customer service, emotional disharmony and hurt, organizational surveillance and monitoring, and lack of a supportive and protective system in the organization.RESULTS: Firefighters who were in the risk group were more likely to experience suicidal ideation than those in the normal group for each of the five sub-scales of emotional labor. The estimated mean values for suicidal ideation in the risk group were significantly higher than those in the normal group: 1.667 (95% CI: 1.344–2.069) for emotional demand and regulation, 1.590 (95% CI: 1.243–2.033) for overload and conflict in customer service, 2.409 (95% CI: 1.954–2.969) for emotional disharmony and hurt, 2.214 (95% CI: 1.832–2.676) for organizational surveillance and monitoring, and 1.665 (95% CI: 1.387–1.999) for lack of a supportive and protective system in the organization.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that experience and exposure to chronic and excessive emotional labor might play a crucial role in the development of suicidal ideation among firefighters.]]>
Firefighters ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation

Objectives: In the light of increased suicide risk among adolescents, this research aimed at determining the prevalence and severity of suicidal ideations and behaviors of senior high school students in a public secondary school in Metro Manila using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional school-based study, conducted on 236 senior high school students, 18 years old and above, in San Juan National High School (SJNHS) in San Juan, Metro Manila. The study employed convenience sampling. Upon selection, the C-SSRS was administered. Data on four constructs of suicide were gathered: 1) suicidal ideation severity; 2) intensity, which was quantified in terms of frequency, duration, control, deterrents and reasons for suicidal ideation; 3) suicidal behavior rated on a nominal subscale as actual, aborted, interrupted, preparatory behavior and non-suicidal injurious behavior; and lastly 4) lethality of actual suicide attempts on a 6-point ordinal scale, and if actual lethality was zero, potential lethality was further rated on a 3-point ordinal scale. Results: The majority (67.8%) had mild suicidal ideations; 37.71% had active suicidal ideations with intent but not necessarily a specific plan and only 13.98% had active suicidal ideation with intent to act and a specific plan. The intensity of suicidal ideation was not that frequent in 35.59% of the respondents i.e.18.64% 1x/ week and 16.95% less than 1x/ week. About a third (30.07%) had very short duration of suicidal ideations i.e. fleetingly (19.92%) or less than an hour/ day (11.02%). A third (32.62%) were able to easily control (18.64%) or control with minimal difficulty (13.98%). Reason for suicidal ideation were either to get attention (10.59%) or to end the emotional pain (11.02%). A third (30.93%) had actual attempts (15.25%) and Non -Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI) (15.68%); while another 35.06 % had interrupted (16.53%) or aborted (19.07%) attempts. Those who had actual attempts, 41.67% had no physical injury while 50 % incurred minor injuries. Thirty- two (88.89%) had suicidal attempt that was likely to result in injury but not likely to cause death. Conclusion In light of these relatively high prevalence rates for suicidal ideation and behaviors, schoolwide intervention on education or awareness programs, gatekeeper training, peer leadership, skills training and screening or assessment may have to be instituted to curb the increased suicide risk of the senior high school students and further prevent suicide attempts.
Prevalence ; Suicidal Ideation

Suicide,a major public health problem,is the death caused by injuring oneself with the intent to die.In this paper,we reviewed the genes encoding serotonin system,calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C,γ-aminobutyric acid,and spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 2,as well as their related brain regions,from the perspective of imaging genetics,aiming to provide new ideas for the research and intervention on suicidal behavior.
Brain ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide

Background and Objectives: The daily interactions of teachers with students allow the former to observe behavioral changes in the latter. This can serve as an opportunity to emphasize teachers' role in mental health interventions in the school setting. This study aimed to provide baseline information regarding high school teachers' mental health literacy specifically on the recognition and referral of students with depression and suicidal behavior. Methodology: The study design was descriptive cross-sectional that included 460 high school teachers from a district in the City of Manila. The modified QualisMental Vignette Scale for depression literacy and Adolescent Suicide Behavior Questionnaire for suicide literacy was adapted as assessment tools. Results and Conclusion Results of the study found that 64% correctly identified depression as a mental health problem in the modified case vignette. The highest proportion of respondents chose 'informing the parents' as their preferred mode of referral system. The teachers had varying levels of knowledge on suicidal behaviors. More mental health literacy interventions focusing on depression and suicide must be conducted among teachers to improve their competency on these topics.
Depression ; Suicidal Ideation ; Mental Health

OBJECTIVES: This study described the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adult patients diagnosed with psoriasis. METHODOLOGY: A Knowledge and Belief survey composed of: 1) a questionnaire on medical, psychiatric and psoriasis profile and 2) a knowledge, attitude and belief questionnaire was developed validated and translated to both English and Filipino. The survey questionnaire was uploaded in the internet using a free site Kwiksurvey.com. Psor Phil (an organization of patients with psoriasis) had sent email invitations to 699 members to answer an on line survey, which would be available for 9 days. The data on suicide ideation and attempt were analyzed and presented. RESULTS: A total of 120 entries were included in the study. The response rate of the survey was (120/699) 17.16%. A total of 17/120 (14.17%) reported suicidal ideation and a total of 9 /120 (7.5%) reported suicidal attempt. CONCLUSION The reported prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher compared to other studies. Patients disclosed suicidal ideation to friends rather than family members or doctors.
Humans ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide, Attempted ;

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a group counseling program on high school students'depression and suicidal ideation. METHODS: This research was conducted as a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest control and experimental group methodological comparison study. The subjects were 25 high school students (Exp = 12, Cont = 13) in U City. The depression and suicide prevention program in this study was based on the Ellis' ABC Model. The experimental group participated in the program through eight sessions, but the control group did not receive treatment. Data were collected from November 4 to November 28, 2008, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program by frequency, Mann-Whitney, means, standard deviation and Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference in depression (z = -2.983, p = .003) between the two groups. Suicidal ideation also decreased significantly (z = -2.847, p = .004) in the experimental group. CONCLUSIONS: After the eight sessions of the group counseling program for preventing depression and suicidal ideation, it was found that the program was effective to lower the score of depression and suicidal ideation. The results of this study suggest that a school-based prevention program for adolescents should be developed according to depression and suicidal ideation level.
Adolescent ; Counseling* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide

PURPOSE: In this study, the fitness of a path model on the relationship among the variables, parent-adolescent communication, school resilience, self-esteem, depression, and suicidal ideation for adolescents, was examined. The aim of the study was to provide fundamental data about preventing adolescent's suicidal ideation by developing and examining a multisystem core competency support model. METHODS: The participants were 398 adolescents. The data were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs. RESULTS: Parent-adolescent communication, school resilience, self-esteem, and depression showed a direct effect on suicidal ideation for adolescents, while parent-adolescent communication, school resilience, and self-esteem showed an indirect effect on suicidal ideation for adolescents. The modified path model of adolescent's suicidal ideation was shown to be correct. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that adolescent's suicidal ideation can be decreased by increasing parent-adolescent communication, school resilience, and self-esteem and reducing depression. The findings of the study indicate a need to design a core competency reinforcement program that emphasizes increases in parent-adolescent communication, school resilience, and self-esteem and reduction of depression in order to decrease adolescent's suicide ideation.
Adolescent* ; Depression ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation* ; Suicide

Suicide notes are essential for investigating the psychological state of suicide victims and establishing suicide prevention programs. Since only a few studies have attempted to identify the causes of suicidal behavior through suicide notes, it would be worth examining suicide notes. Quantitative research on suicide has offered a limited understanding of suicide. Results showed that the suicide victims had used the suicide note as a tool for their last communication. Further, in addition to neutral contents such as directions for funeral, the note often contained information about precipitating events that caused the suicidal ideation. Writing a suicide note seemed to help the victims consider concrete plans for suicide. This study proved that qualitative research on suicide notes would be helpful for researchers to understand suicide victims in depth, which cannot be achieved by quantitative methods alone. Based on these results, several suggestions for suicide prevention programs were discussed.
Qualitative Research ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide* ; Writing

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the influence of academic institutional interest, open parent-adolescent communication, social (friend) support, and existential spiritual well-being on suicidal ideation of college students. METHODS: The research design was descriptive survey research involving 285 college students in city G. Data was collected from May 18, 2011 to November 2, 2011 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The findings reveal that suicidal ideation of college students was low, i.e., average score was 9.2+/-3.65 (possible range 5~25). This study determined that suicidal ideation is negatively correlated with interest on the part of the academic institution, open parent-adolescent communication, social support from friends, and existential spiritual well-being. The extent of existential spiritual well-being was a significant predictor of suicidal ideation, controlling for general characteristics variables (gender, number of close friends, first supporter) and institutional interest, open parent-adolescent communication, and social support. Existential spiritual well-being accounted for 50% of the explanation of suicidal ideation of college students. CONCLUSION: Based on the outcomes of this study, designing an intervention program that emphasizes existential spiritual well-being in order to decrease suicidal ideation of tertiary education students is strongly recommended.
Education ; Friends ; Humans ; Research Design ; Suicidal Ideation*