Objective To evaluate the effect of relaxation training on sudden deafness patients with mild or moderate grade.Methods 78 patients were divided into the observation group (38 cases) and the control group (40 cases).Besides usual care and nursing,the observation group was treated with relaxation training daily in the morning and evening.The pure tone audiometry scores before and after nursing intervention and treatment was compared between two groups.Results There was significant difference in threshold level between two groups.Conclusions Relaxation training was an effective nursing intervention for sudden deafness patients with mild-to-moderate grade.

【Objective】 To explore the significance of electrocard iogram monitoring during the effective application of radiofrequency energy to s low atrioventricular (AV) nodal pathway ablation. 【Methods】 Slow AV nodal pathway ablation was performed in 58 patients with slownfast AV nodal ree-trant tachyca rdi a (AVNRT). The changes of electrocardiogram were monitored during the effective application of low radiofrequency RF energy (15～25 W). A faster rate of junctio nal ectopy (>150 min-1), ventriculoatrial (VA) block in association with j unctional ectopy, and l ong P-R interval during sinus beat were considered as harbingers of atrioventri cular (AV) block. RF energy deliveries were discontinued as soon as the harbinge rs of AV block occurred. Otherwise, RF energy continued until junctional ectopie s were decreased or vanished. If junctionnal ectopies were not decreased, RF ene rgy continued lasted for 90～120 s. 【Results】 Slow AV nodal pathway ablation w as successful in all patients who had junctional ectopy during the effective del ivery of RF energy. The effective ablation time was (128±26) s. 54 patients exp erienced one time successful ablation, and 4 patients experienced two times abla tion. Unsustained AV block occurred in 6 patinets after RF energy deliveries whi ch were immediately terminated because of VA block in association with junctiona l ectopy in 4 patinets and long P-R interval during sinus beats in 2 patients. No patients developed permanent AV block. Recurrent AVNRT requiring second ablat ion occurred in 2 of 58 successfully ablated slow pathway during (18±16) months of follow-up. 【Conclusion】 RF energy deliveries could be instructed b y intracardiac electrocardiogram monitoring during AVNRT ablation, which could e nhance the successful rate of slow pathway ablation, reduce recurrence and avoide permanent AV block.

AIM:To evaluate complement activation in patients with all forms of acute coronary syndromes(ACS)and to examine the relationship between the degree of complement activation and myocardial injury.METHODS:The subjects were divided into 2 groups:110 ACS patients(group ACS)and 18 healthy persons(group control).One hundred and ten patients with ACS were divided into 3 sub-group:51 patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction(STEMI),28 patients with non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)and 31 patients with unstable angina(UA).Complement 3(C3),complement 4(C4),troponin T(TnT)as well as creatine kinase MB(CK-MB)were evaluated.RESULTS:Plasma C3 and C4 peak levels were significantly higher in patients with STEMI [(1 525?302)mg/L and(423?123)mg/L] and NSTEMI [(1 516?289)mg/L and(396?68)mg/L] than those in patients with UA [(1 275?172)mg/L and(356?91)mg/L] and the control subjects [(1 072?196)mg/L and(182?73)mg/L](P

Objective To evaluate the value of the TIMI risk index in predicting 30-day and one-yosr mortality and incidence of heart failure in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Method Data of 229 patients with STEM1 from August 1999 to March 2006 in the First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,were retrospeclively collected,analyzed and scored with TIMI risk index.When categorized into quintiles(≤12.5,12.5～17.5,17.5～22.5,22.5～30,>30) and modeled as a continuous variable,difference of prediction of 30day and one-year mortality and 30-day incidence of heart failure of patients were compared respectively.Results When categorized into quintilos and modeled as a continuous variable,30-day and one-year mortality and 30-day incidence of heart failure were increasing with increasing score of risk index (P<0.05).The area under the recewer operating characteristic curve were 0.65,0.68,0.67 and 0.70,0.72,0.70,respectively.Conclusions The TIM1 risk index can be used as a simple,rapid and practical tool to risk-stratify patients with STEMI.

Objective To investigate the incidence of fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and its related factors.Methods A total of 289 patients on MHD between January 2016 and March 2017 in hemodialysis centers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Xinjiang Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture Friendship Hospital,and Yili Prefecture Hospital were enrolled.Internationally standard fatigue rating scale(FAI)was applied to assess the incidence of fatigue in MHD patients,and subjective comprehensive nutrition assessment(SGA)protein energy wasting rating scale was used to assess protein energy wasting(PEW)conditions.All patients were divided into the fatigue group and the non-fatigue group according to the FAI score.The clinical data and the blood biochemical indicators in two groups were compared.The risk factors of fatigue in MHD patients were analyzed by logistic regression method.Results The incidence of fatigue was 83.0％in MHD patients,and the rate of PEW was 62.6％.Blood total cholesterol in the fatigue group was lower than that of the non-fatigue group(P ＜ 0.05).The difference between SGA scores of two groups had statistical significance(P ＜ 0.001).Single factor logistic regression analysis results showed that higher SGA score(OR=1.312,95％CI:1.163-1.481,P ＜ 0.001),lower blood total cholesterol(OR=0.661,95％CI:0.496-0.880,P=0.005)were risk factors of fatigue in MHD patients.Multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that higher SGA score(OR=5.286,95％CI:2.078-13.442,P ＜ 0.001)was an independent risk factor of fatigue in MHD patients.Conclusions The incidence of fatigue and PEW are high in MHD patients.PEW is an independent risk factor of fatigue in MHD patients.

Objective To evaluate the etiology,epidemiological characteristics,clinical diagnosis,and outcomes of hospitalized patients with AKI in Xinjiang,analyzing the risk factors of their clinical prognosis.Methods A multicenter retrospective survey was conducted,investigating adult patients admitted to four hospitals in Xinjiang in January and July 2013.Patients with AKI were screened out based on KDIGO's inclusion and exclusion criteria.Clinical variables of patients with AKI including demographics,clinical data,laboratory tests,treatment measures and prognosis were collected.Results Among 32,157 adult hospitalized patients,there were 722 AKI patients.Excluding those with incomplete data,719 patients were enrolled in this study.The detection rate of AKI was 2.25％ (722 of 32,157) by KDIGO criteria.The main cause for AKI was pre-renal injury,led mainly by cardiac output,low blood volume,and the use of nephrotoxic drugs.The non-recognition rate of AKI was 72.4％ (407/557).Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that AKI stage,peripheral vasodilation and renal parenchyma were protective factors of the omission diagnosis.In the short-term prognostic analysis,the overall mortality rate was 12.8％(92/719).Among the 323 patients with AKI who survived discharge,43.7％(141) had renal function recovery;40.2％(130) did not fully recover their renal function but ceased maintenance dialysis;16.4％ (53) were still on dialysis at discharge.Multivariate Cox regression model suggested that DIC,shock and department of obstetrics were independent risk factors for death during hospitalization of AKI.In addition,the risk of death for AKI from department of obstetrics and gynecology patients was higher than that of other departments.Conclusions The most common reason for AKI in hospitalized patients in Xinjiang was pre-renal injury.The main risk factors were low cardiac output and low blood volume.The omission diagnosis of AKI was serious;AKI stage,peripheral vasodilation and renal parenchymal injury however were its protective factors.Poor-DIC,shock,hospitalization in obstetrics were independent risk factors for death in patients with AKI.

Objective To analyze the HIV-infection related behaviors among unmarried youths in rural areas of Liangshan prefecture from 2011 to 2013 and factors that influencing the HIV transmission in the population under research.Methods According to the HIV sentinel surveillance methods for data collection,EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 19.0 were used to handle data and both Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to explore the related factors.Results A total number of 5 871 qualified youths were involved in this study from 2011 to 2013 with the prevalence rate on HIV infection among those unmarried youths from the rural areas as 3.45％ (201/5 833).27.56％ (1 607/ 5 833) of them had been working outside their hometown area.31.72％ (1 850/5 833) of the unmarried youths had sexual experiences,with 41.46％ (767/1 850) of them had casual sex but the rate of consistent condom use was only 3.46％ (64/1 850).5.04％ (294/5 833) of the unmarried youths admitted of ever having used drugs,with 34.35％ (101/294) of them having the experiences of injecting,with 84.16％ (85/101) of them sharing needles.Rates on factors as:working outside the resident areas,ever having had casual sexual behaviors,drug use and injecting drug use were seen higher among HIV infections,with differences statistically significant (X2=88.72,104.43,4.20,154.39,55.94,P＜0.05).Results from the logistic regression showed that factors as:being male,Yi ethnicity,illiteracy,experience of working outside the resident area,never or casual condom use and needle-sharing drug use etc.would significantly increase the risk of HIV infection.Conclusions HIV infection among unmarried youths from rural areas in Liangshan prefecture called for attention because of the high rates of risk behaviors.Factors as:having had sexual experiences with low condom use,popular injecting drug use with needle sharing,being male,under Yi ethnicity,with lower education level and ever working outside the resident area etc.were under risks that related to HIV infection for unmarried youths in this area.

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic and behavioral characteristics of HIV among community population in Liangshan prefecture.Methods We collected social demographic,behavioral and serological information by means of the monitoring questionnaire and serological tests.Data was analyzed by using the chi-square test and logistic regression.Results From April to June of 2010 to 2015,14 092 cases of community population were selected as the study objects,with 267 cases diagnosed as HIV positive patients.The HIV positive rates were 3.24％,3.07％,1.17％,1.38％,1.42％ and 1.25％,respectively.We observed that when community population having the following characteristics as:living in Butuo country (OR=3.83),being males (OR=1.77),being Yi nationality (OR=4.40) being widowed (OR=28.57),with history of drug abuse (OR=3.71) or injecting drug use (PWID) (OR=4.92),or history of needle sharing among PWID (OR=8.53),were under higher risks for HIV infection.With histories as:having had secondary or above levels of schooling (OR=0.59),having protected sex with regular parmers (OR =0.21) and with non-regular partners (OR =0.46),they seemed to be somehow protected for getting HIV infection.Conclusion The positive HIV rates of HIV among community population in Dechang,Ningnan and Butuo varied from 0.10％ to 8.77％while the HIV transmission among general population remained challenging.