Objective To investigate the identification and optimal breeding method of caveolin-1 knockout mice, and provide an ideal animal model for further study of the role of caveolin-1 in cerebral ischemic injury and repair. Meth?ods The introduced caveolin-1 gene knockout mice were reared in the SPF laboratory and genomic DNA was extracted from mouse tail tissue by the method of boiling lysis. According to the primer sequences provided by the Jackson Laboratory of America for polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) to detect the genotypes, with the four different ways of mating:caveolin-1 +/ -heterozygote intercrossing, heterozygous and homozygous caveolin-1 -/ -hybrid ( orthogonal and pay) as well as homo-zygous intercrossing. The pregnancy rate, shape characteristics of the filial generation mice and homozygous rate of the pa-rental mice were observed. Results Agarose gel electrophoresis results indicated that the size of molecular weight of the PCR products was about 200 bp and 661 bp, which were consistent with the expected target gene fragment, and identified caveolin-1 gene knockout mice of different genotypes successfully. The results of different mating patterns are basically in a-greement with Mendel rule, and the female and male aveolin-1 -/ -homozygous mice had a certain ability to reproduce, three different genotypes of mice had no significant differences between the shape features. Conclusions PCR can fast and reliably identify the genotypes of caveolin-1 knockout mice using genomic DNA through the method of boiling lysis. Combi- ning the breeding methods of intercrossing of caveolin-1 heterozygous mice and intercrossing of caveolin-1 homozygous mice may be a good way to obtain enough homozygous mice and homologous wild type mice in a short period.

AIM: To explore the neuroprotective action of progesterone(PROG), which has been proved to be a "neuroactive steroid". METHODS: The model of focal cerebral ischemia was established in rats by reverserble inserting a nylon thread with a diameter of 0.2 mm into the anterior cerebral artery through the internal carotid artery. The effect of PROG was assessed by determining water,sodium, potassium, and calcium contents in striatum of rats subjected to 2 h ischemia followed by 22 h reperfusion. RESULTS: The water,sodium,and calcium contents of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) striatum were obviously higher,the potassium content was obviously lower than those of non-MCAO striatum in I/R and DMSO groups,but there was no significant difference between these two groups.Compared with the result in I/R and DMSO groups , water, sodium and calcium contents significantly decreased, but potassium(P0.05). CONCLUSION: Treatment with PROG can significantly reduce the striatal injury of rats with cerebral ischmia-reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hypoxia and insulin resistance in males with metabolic syndrome ( MS ). Methods Parameters at physical, hematological, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance were measured in 295 middle-aged men who took health examination. The trends of laboratory indexes grouped by hemoglobin quartile and MS components were compared. The correlation between hypoxia and insulin resistance was analyzed. Results With the increase of hemoglobin, the occurrence rates of MS, TG, INS, and HOMA-IR were also significantly increased ( P < 0. 05 ), while HDL-C and HOMA-IS reduced remarkably(P<0. 05). With the increase of MS components, hematological parameters(RBC, Hb, Hct), INS, and HOMA-IR were significantly increased( P<0. 05) while HOMA-IS were significantly decreased( P<0. 05). Blood lactate and HIF-1αwere significantly increased with the increase of hemoglobin as well as MS components(P<0. 05);Hematological parameters were positively correlated with blood lactate and HIF-1α, and Hypoxia related indicators including hematological parameters, Lac, HIF-1α showed a positive correlation with HOMA-IR and a negative correlation with HOMA-IS( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Chronic hypoxia does exist in metabolic syndrome, and the degree of hypoxia is associated with insulin resistance. Hematological parameters are also significantly correlated with insulin resistance which could be as a result of chronic hypoxia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of biliary tract prosthesis and pancreatic duct stents for advanced periampullary carcinoma. Methods A total of 36 patients were diagnosed as advanced periampullary carcinoma pathologically or clinically, with strictures both in pancreatic and biliary ducts confirmed by imaging. Teflon stents were firstly implanted through endoscopy to the narrowed pancreatic ducts, expansible metal prosthesis were then implanted to the biliary tract. If failed, the metal stents were given through percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) pathway. Serum levels of liver enzymes, amylase and clinical manifestations were observed before and after operation. Results Teflon stents were successfully implanted into pancreatic ducts in all patients. Metal prostheses into bile ducts were endoscopically implanted in 29 cases, and via PTCD in 7, including 2 cases of Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy. The levels of liver enzymes significantly decreased (P<0.01) after stents implacement. The levels of amylase (plasma and urine) and lipase increased in 15 cases, but they were corrected to normal levels after adequate treatments. Rates of abdominal pain relieving and diahhrea improvement were 82.4% (28/34) and 88.2% (15/17), respectively. Conclusion The combined implacement of biliary tract prosthesis and pancreatic duct stents is safe and effective in relieving malignant obstruction in periampullary carcinoma.

Background and purpose:Endoscopic treatment is a promising therapeutic option for superifcial lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract, this study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic resection (ER) using the new Duette multiband mucosectomy kit (DT-6) on treating esophageal disease. Methods:Since Jun. 2011, ER using DT-6 has been performed on 100 patients in a tertiary medical center. Data from those who have been followed up for over 6 months was analyzed. ER and esophagectomy were compared on treating high grade dysplasia (HGD) lesions and early esophageal cancer. Results:From Jun. 2011 to Jan. 2012, a total of 32 patients with esophageal lesions underwent 34 ER using DT-6 (22 male and 10 female, mean age 59.0 years, range 25 to 83 years). There were (3.4±1.0) specimen resected per operation, and the average greatest diameter was (11.8±2.7)mm. Intraoperative blood loss was (5.45±1.47)mL. The median follow-up period was 8.2 months with a 100%half-year-follow-up rate. Except one pneumothorax occurred during one endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), no other complications happened. When Comparing ER and esophagectomy on treating HGD and early esophageal cancer, ER showed advantages in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and complications. Conclusion:ER using DT-6 is safe, simple, minimally invasive and effective for esophageal disease. Prospective study and long follow-up are needed to compare endoscopic resection and esophagectomy for HGD and early esophagus cancer.