Chronic hepatic injury animal model induced by TEF was made with carbontetrachloride, ethyl alcohol and a high-fat feed. An increase in serum GPT, LDH_5 and r-globulin, a decrease in serum albumin and a remarkable increase in hepatic collagen were found. The results indicated that all biochemical data obtained in this model is similar to those in patients with chronic active hepatitis.

Effects of the low selenium diet in the Kashin-beck disease area on activity of lysosomal cathepsin D and alkaline phosphatase of cartilage in rats were studied. The results of the experiments showed that the free type and total activities of lysosomal cathepsin D of cartilage in rats fed with low-selenium diet were higher than Selenium-supplemented group and Xi'an group. The acuvity of alkaline phosphatase in low-selenium group was lower than selenium-supplemented group and Xi'an group.

In this article the activities of succinic dehydrogenase, H~+ -ATPase and creatine kinase in skeletal muscle and heart mitochondria of rats fed with low-Se diet from kashin-beck disease area for 3 to 5 months were observed. The experiments showed that the activities of these three membrane binding enzymes were decreased significantly in mitochondria of rats fed with low-Se diet for 3 to 5 months, as compared to rats suplemented with sodium selenite, but still had not reached the levels in rats fed with diet from Xi'an area.These results suggested that the disturbance of energy metabolism may be induced when the rats fed with low-Se diet for long term.

OBJECTIVETo compare the hemostatic effect of Flos Sophorae in crude, parched and carbonized forms and its extracts, including rutin, quercetin and tannin.

METHODSAll the testing samples were orally administered to the experimental animals for 5 days, then the bleeding time (BT), coagulation time (CT), platelet count and capillary permeability (CP) in the treated mice were tested, and the prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FBG) content and platelet aggregation rate (PAR) in the treated rats were determined.

RESULTSAll the samples could lower the CP, BT and CT in mice and also decrease the plasma PT in rats. All three forms of Flos Sophorae could increase FBG in rats, while the three extracts of it could inhibit the PAR in rats obviously. In addition, rutin had the effect of raising the platelet count.

CONCLUSIONAll the three forms and three extracts of Flos Sophorae have hemostatic effect, the effect of parched and carbonized form is higher than that of crude drug. The mechanism of the hemostatic effect of the six kinds of sample might be various.

Animals ; Bleeding Time ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Hemostatics ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Quercetin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rutin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Tannins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Cancer immunotherapy can effectively inhibit cancer progression by activating the autoimmune system, with low toxicity and high effectiveness. Some of cancer immunotherapy had positive effects on clinical cancer treatment. However, cancer immunotherapy is still restricted by cancer heterogeneity, immune cell disability, tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and systemic immune toxicity. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNs) inherit abundant source cell-relevant functions, including "self" markers, cross-talking with the immune system, biological targeting, and homing to specific regions. These enable them to possess preferred characteristics, including better biological compatibility, weak immunogenicity, immune escaping, a prolonged circulation, and tumor targeting. Therefore, they are applied to precisely deliver drugs and promote the effect of cancer immunotherapy. In the review, we summarize the latest researches of biomimetic CMCNs for cancer immunotherapy, outline the existing specific cancer immune therapies, explore the unique functions and molecular mechanisms of various cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, and analyze the challenges which CMCNs face in clinical translation.