Objective To explore the difference of sleep quality and the influencing factors in ketamine dependent subjects and methamphetamine dependent subjects.Methods 60 ketamine dependent subjects and 60 methamphetamine dependent subjects with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were tested.Results Methamphetamine dependent subjects was significantly more likely to elicit poor sleep quality than ketamine dependent subjects (P =0.022).The sleep quality of ketamine dependent subjects had a positive correlation with anxiety(P =0.015),depression(P =0.038),the onset age (P =0.029),and the dose of ketamine use in the last three months (P =0.048),while the sleep quality of methamphetamine dependent subjects had a positive correlation with the total time of ketamine use (P =0.038),anxiety (P =0.041),the dose of ketamine use in the last three months (P =0.011).Conclusion Methamphetamine dependent subjects are prone to a more serious poor sleep quality than ketamine dependent subjects.