No abstract available.
Subcutaneous Fat*

subcutaneous adipose tissue which is inherited or heterogeneously acquired. We report 3 uncommon cases of localized lipodystrophy on face which distinguished 1 year after cyst enucleation of mandibular posterior area.]]>
Atrophy ; Lipodystrophy ; Subcutaneous Fat

Nodular cystic fat necrosis is a distinct benign subcutaneous nodule characterized by encapsulated necrosis of subcutaneous fat in which non-viable adipose cells are pathologically surrounded by fibrous tissue. We report a case of nodular cystic fat necrosis in a 47-year-old woman who presented with a 2-month history of had multiple highly- movable, subcutaneous nodules on both shins and posterior thigh. There was an absence of any noteworthy trauma history. Each lesion showed a highly-migratory property, and could easily be moved about 10 cm in any direction. Plain film revealed multiple radiopaque nodules on the right shin. Calcification and lipomembranous changes, in addition to typical features, were also found on histopathologic examination.
Fat Necrosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Thigh

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Necrosis* ; Subcutaneous Fat*

No abstract available.
Hypopigmentation* ; Muscles* ; Muscular Atrophy* ; Subcutaneous Fat*

PURPOSE: We reviewed the sonographic features of Morel-Lavallee lesions by correlating the US image findings with a lesion's age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained the sonography reports of 20 Morel-Lavallee lesions of the hip and extremities from 18 patients with a history of trauma. The US images were reviewed to characterize the echogenicity, shape, homogeneity, margins, location and size of the lesions. The results were correlated with the age of the lesions and the clinical histories. RESULTS: All the Morel-Lavallee lesions were hypoechoic or anechoic fluid collections located between the subcutaneous fat and the underlying fascia. Regarding the shape of the fluid collections, the lobular shaped lesions were all less than 21 days for the lesion's age, and the flat fluid collections were all greater than 1 month of age. Regarding the homogeneity, the heterogeneous fluid collections were all less than 25 days of age, and the homogeneous fluid collections were all greater than 1 month of age. CONCLUSION: A Morel-Lavallee lesion is seen as a posttraumatic fluid collection in the potential space between the subcutaneous fat and the underlying fascia on an ultrasound examination. Acute Morel-Lavallee lesions tended to be heterogeneous and lobular, and they became more homogeneous and flat in shape as the lesions evolved. Awareness of these imaging findings will help us to properly diagnose Morel-Lavallee lesions.
Extremities ; Fascia ; Hip ; Humans ; Subcutaneous Fat

Lipomembranous fat necrosis is a special form of fat necrosis characterized by the presence of cystic cavities lined by crenelated hyaline membranes. Lipomembranous fat necrosis has been observed in the subcutaneous tissue associated with various conditions, mainly with ischemia. The term, nodular-cystic fat necrosis was coined to describe a characteristic form of encapsulated subcutaneous fat necrosis resulting form encapsulated lipoma associated with trauma or ischemia. We herein report a case of lipomembranous fat necrosis associated with vascular insufficiency and possibly associated with nodular-cystic fat necrosis, and discuss the common pathogenesis of the two disorders.
Fat Necrosis* ; Hyalin ; Ischemia ; Lipoma ; Membranes ; Necrosis ; Numismatics ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Subcutaneous Tissue

PURPOSE: It has been generally recognized that fatty liver can often be seen in the obese population. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the association between fatty liver and abdominal fat volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 105 patients who visited our obesity clinic in the recent three years underwent fat CT scans and abdominal US. Attenuation difference between liver and spleen on CT was considered as a reference standard for the diagnosis of fatty liver. On US, the echogenicity of the liver parenchyma was measured in three different regions of interest (ROI) close to the adjacent right kidney in the same slice, avoiding vessels, bile duct, and calcification. Similar measurements were performed in the right renal cortex. The mean values were calculated automatically on the histogram of the ROI using the PACS program. The hepatorenal echogenicity ratio (HER; mean hepatic echogenicity/mean renal echogenicity) was then calculated. Abdominal fat volume was measured using a 3 mm slice CT scan at the L4/5 level and was calculated automatically using a workstation. Abdominal fat was classified according to total fat (TF), visceral fat (VF), and subcutaneous fat (SF). We used Pearson's bivariate correlation method for assessment of the correlation between HER and TF, VF, and SF, respectively. RESULTS: Significant correlation was observed between HER and abdominal fat (TF, VF, and SF). HER showed significant correlation with VF and TF (r = 0.491 and 0.402, respectively; p = 0.000). The correlation between HER and SF (r = 0.255, p = 0.009) was less significant than for VF or TF. CONCLUSIONS: Fat measurement (HER) by hepatic ultrasound correlated well with the amount of abdominal fat. In particular, the VF was found to show a stronger association with fatty liver than SF.
Abdominal Fat ; Bile Ducts ; Fatty Liver ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Kidney ; Liver ; Obesity ; Spleen ; Subcutaneous Fat

BACKGROUND: Obesity can be considered as hyperaccumulation of body fat. Therefore, the aim to treat obesity is to decrease body fat. Abdominal total fat calculated in computed tomography is thought to be the most accurate index measuring body fat. The body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass are the representative indices also. Leptin is a protein hormone expressed by obesity gene in adipose tissue. It inhibits food intake and increases energy consumption, thereby controls obesity. With a study of relationship between plasma leptin level and body mass index and abdominal total fat area, we tried to find the usefulness of leptin as an index of adiposity. METHODS: The adiposity level was approximated by BMI, computed tomography and bioelectical impedence. To further explore the relationship with body composition, body fat distribution was determined by computed tomograph. To quantify the relationship between serum leptin level and adiposity, correlation analyses have been conducted. RESULTS: The subjects were 32 females with a BMI of over 25 kg/m2. The mean plasma leptin level was 14.2 5.9 ug/L. We investigated the correlation of plasma leptin level with subcutaneous and visceral fat. The plasma leptin level showed a significant correlation with BMI and body fat mass, and was significantly correlated with subctaneous fat (P<0.01), but not with abdominal visceral fat. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation between plasma leptin level and body fat mass was observed. The distribution of subcutaneous fat showed differences in plasma leptin level. Therefore, the plasma leptin level may be used as an index of change of body fat mass, especially subcutaneous fat.
Adipose Tissue ; Adiposity* ; Body Composition ; Body Fat Distribution ; Body Mass Index ; Eating ; Female ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Leptin* ; Obesity* ; Plasma* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal

Steatocystoma multiplex, a cutaneous disorder involving the appearance cysts on the trunk and upper arms, is often inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The authors present mammographic and US findings of steatocystoma multiplex in a 35-year-old woman with breast masses. On mammograms, multiple uniform thin walled round or oval shaped oil cysts were seen in the peripheral portion of the breasts and axilla, and on US, well-defined or smooth ill-defined round or oval shaped nodules were seen in the subcutaneous layer of the breasts and axilla ; compared with subcutaneous fat, there was iso- or slightly increased echogenicity.
Adult ; Arm ; Axilla ; Breast ; Female ; Humans ; Steatocystoma Multiplex ; Subcutaneous Fat