BackgroundPosterior capsule opacification(PCO) is the main cause inducing low vision after extacapsular cataract extraction. Our previous study determined that polylysine-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (PLE) can suppress the incidence of PCO. ObjectiveThe goal of this experiment was to investigate the inhibition of polylysine-EDTA on rabbit lens epithelial cells (LECs)proliferation in vitro and the effective concentrations of polylysine-EDTA. MethodsThe anterior capsular membranes from 10 3-month-old clean New Zealand white rabbits were digested and then cultured to obtain the LECs. The second and third generation of LECs were inoculated on the 96-hole culture plate with the cell density of the 1 × 105/ml. 12.5,25.0,50. 0,100. 0 μmol/Lof PLE were added into the culture medium for 48 hours respectively,and the DMSO medium was used at the same way as the control group. The proliferation of the LECs was then detected by MTT method and the inhibitory rate of PLE on LECs growth was calculated. ResultsLECs grew at a near normal state in ≤25.0 μmol/L PLE groups,however,cultured LECs were out of shape and the numbers decreased with the weakened adhesion ability in ≥50.0 μ mol/L PLE groups. The A490 values of LECs were 0. 278±0. 013,0. 266±0. 028,0. 260±0. 022 and 0. 247±0. 012 in 12. 5,25.0,50. 0, 100. 0 μmol/L polylysine-EDTA groups respectively and were lower than 0. 311 ±0. 038 of DMSO control group( P=0. 035,0. 011,0. 009,0.013 ). The inhibitory rates of 12. 5,25.0,50. 0, 100.0 μmoL/L PLE on LECs proliferation were 10.61％ , 14.47％ , 16.40％ and 20. 58％ respectively. ConclusionsPolylysine-EDTA can inhibit the growth and proliferation of LECs in vitro at a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To observe the infection prevention, wound healing effect and safety of nanometer silver in treatment of Ⅱ degree burn wound. Methods The patients with 6%-10% TBSA Ⅱ degree burn wound ( deep or superficial) were randomly divided into test group ( treated with nanome-ter silver, n =35) and control group (treated with 1% sulfadiazine silver, n =35). Each group was reg-ulated to change dressing and medication one time a day for seven days on 5% superficial Ⅱ degree burn wound. Then, 1% iodophors and gauze were used for change dressing. Before and after change dressing, bacterial culture was done in two groups to observe the time for wound healing. The blood collected before change dressing and at days 1,7 and 14 after change dressing and urine within 24 hours were employed for detecting serum silver level and mean silver level in urine by using inductively coupled plasma mass-spec-trum ( thermoelectricity of American Ⅹ Series Ⅱ ). In the meantime, the liver and renal function was e-valuated at days 7 and 14. Results Positive rate of bacterial culture in test group and control group was 3% and 3.1% respectively after treatment, which showed a decrease compared with the levels before treatment (12. 1% and 15.6% respectively), with no statistical difference. The wound healing time of test group was (9. 18 ± 1.9) days, which was shorter than ( 12.9 ± 1.3 ) days in control group, with sta-tistical difference (P<0.01). Before treatment, the silver level of blood was ( 1.55 ± 1.26) μL and ( 1.54 ± 1.28 ) μg/L respectively in test group and control group, and silver level of urine within 24 hours was ( 1.67 ± 1.05 ) μg and ( 1.87 ± 1.37) μg respectively test group and control group, with no statistical difference (P > 0. 05 ). Silver medication could elevate the serum silver level ( P < 0.01 ), with lower level in test group than control group (P <0. 01 ). Average silver level of urine within 24 hours showed similar change with that in the serum. The patients showed normal renal function, with no abnormal change of ALT. Conclusions For Ⅱ degree burn wound, nanometer silver can more significantly short-en wound healing time compared with sulfadiazine silver. Moreover, nanometer silver has higher degree of safety on silve metabolism and is an ideal medcation for burn wound.

With the core of "molecules and cells", the integrated curriculum group of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, focuses on the transfer of life molecules, reorganizes teaching content, and integrates Medical Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Medical Genetics to construct a new integrated course of Molecular Medicine. The curriculum group actively explores and practices the mode of medical integration through reconstruction of the curriculum system and optimization of the course content. On the basis of establishing the online course system, the group explores the diversified teaching methods and evaluation systems suitable for Molecular Medicine and discusses the problems in curriculum construction.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the mutation of FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) in bone marrow cells from patients with newly-diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

METHODSThe mutation of FLT3-ITD in bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) from 103 APL patients were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the clinical features of ITD positive patients were analyzed.

RESULTSFLT3-ITD mutations were identified in 19.4% (20/103) patients. It was associated with short/variant form of PML-RAR alpha isoforms (P < 0.0001). Among the 20 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation, 16 presented with short, 2 with variant and 2 with long form of PML-RAR alpha isoforms. Patients with FLT3-ITD mutation also presented significantly higher initial peripheral white blood cell count (WBC) (P < 0.01), especially in those with short/variant PML-RAR alpha isoforms (P = 0.015). For patients with long form PML-RAR alpha, there was no significant difference in initial WBC. Out of FLT3-ITD positive patients, 18/20 (90%) obtained complete remission and 16 evaluable patients (2 lost follow-up) remained in first remission in a median follow-up of 26 (11-47) months.

CONCLUSIONFLT3-ITDs are frequently identified in patients with newly diagnosed APL. FLT3-ITD mutation is associated with short/variant form of PML-RAR alpha fusion gene and higher initial WBC. No significant impact on treatment outcome was observed with a limited follow-up.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 ; genetics

Objective:To determine national trends for breast conserving surgery and to explore the factors affecting the scale of breast conserving surgery in China.Methods:A questionnaire survey was mailed to 110 hospitals with an year′s volume of more than 200 breast cancer surgeries in each center in China concerning hospital variations and percentage of breast conserving surgery.Results:The overall proportion of breast conserving surgery is 21.9% for operable breast cancer in China. There is a significant positive correlation between local Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the rate of breast conserving surgery ( P=0.001). Hospitals with higher annual operation volume have higher breast-conserving ratios( P=0.042). Compared with non-teaching hospitals, more patients with stage I breast cancer underwent breast conserving surgery in teaching hospitals ( P=0.021). After breast-conserving surgery, the proportion of positive margins needing reoperation had a lower percentage and in cancer hospitals it was the lowest ( P=0.023). The method of pathological evaluation and the remedy strategy for positive margin was not related to per capita GDP and hospital category ( P>0.05). Conclusions:This survey demonstrates the current practices of breast conserving surgery in China. Local GDP, hospital category and tumor stage were factors influencing breast conserving surgery. Breast conserving surgery in China is still at a low level compared with developed countries.

Objective: To investigate the current trends of breast reconstruction(BR) after mastectomy in China. Methods: A list of hospitals with more than 200 cases of breast cancer surgery per year nationwide was obtained, and 110 institutions were selected according to the geographical distribution. The research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey, and 92.3% (169/183) of the questions were single-choice questions. Information such as demographics of surgeons and hospitals, number of mastectomy and BR, type and timing of BR was included in the survey. Survey formal notification letter was issued by the China Anti-Cancer Association Breast Cancer Committee and Chinese College of Surgeons, Committee of Mammary Surgeons. Questionnaires were sent to the respondents of each center by email. The survey time range was from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. All data were completely collected before September 7, 2018. Results: A total of 110 units participated in the survey. In total, 87.3% (96/110) of the hospitals have conducted BR surgery. The BR after mastectomy was 10.7% (6 534/61 099), among this, implant BR accounted for 65.7%(4 296/6 534), autologous BR accounted for 20.1% (1 312/6 534), and autologous combined implant BR accounted for 14.2% (927/6 534). Immediate reconstruction accounted for 67.6% (4 417/6 534) of BR, while delayed BR accounted for 32.4% (2 097/6 534). In 2017, 77.8% (35/45) of the plastic surgery departments cooperated with general surgery departments. General BR could be conducted after mastectomy accounted for 83.6% (92/110). The proportion of reconstruction was positively correlated with the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (r=0.311, P=0.002). The one-step implant-based BR(IBBR) was the most preferred type in immediate BR. Two-step IBBR was the most preferred method in delayed BR. Hospitals that routinely evaluated aesthetics after BR accounted for 64.6% (62/96), while only 16.7% (16/96) of hospitals used patient-reported outcome measure (PROM). The most commonly used PROM tool was BREAST-Q. Conclusions The overall BR in China is on upward trend, but gap between China and the developed countries still exists. Breast surgery departments should strengthen further cooperation with plastic surgery departments. Simultaneously, the aesthetics evaluation and PROM after BR should be put a high premium.

Objective: To explore the current clinical practice of implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) in China. Methods: The current survey was sponsored by Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, Committee of Breast Cancer Society and Chinese Society of Breast Surgeons. A survey was mailed to 110 hospitals in China, which have more than 200 breast cancer operations performed in 2017. The survey mainly included questions on the clinical practice of IBBR, sociodemographic and geographical factors associated with IBBR practice, reasons and concerns for selecting IBBR, type and timing of breast reconstruction, and the complications of IBBR. Data were analyzed using χ² test, Fisher′s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. Results: IBBR was available in 86.4% (95/110) included hospitals. It was predominantly performed breast reconstruction surgery, the proportion of IBBR in all the breast reconstruction was 65.75% (4 296/6 534). However, the rate of IBBR in all the patients received mastectomy was only 7.06% (4 296/60 877). Among all the included hospitals, the number of implant reconstructions performed in 2017 was 24 (57.5) cases (M(Q_R), range: 2-565 cases). Factors associated with the performance of IBBR including regional per capita gross domestic product (H=10.47, P=0.005) and annual surgery volume (H=8.30, P=0.016). The main reasons for choosing IBBR were relatively simple surgical procedure, short learning curve and short operation time. The effects of adjuvant radiotherapy on prosthesis, postoperative complications and patient satisfaction were the main concerns for implant reconstruction. Compared with delay reconstruction, a higher proportion of IBBR was observed in immediate reconstruction (83.1% vs. 62.0%, χ²=12.522, P=0.000). In all, 10.5% (10/95) hospitals reported more than 10% grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ capsular contracture. The incidence of infections need surgical intervention was reported between 10% and 20% by 4.2% (4/95) hospitals. Hospitals with 6% to 10% implant rupture and 6% to 15% implant removal were 1.1% (1/95) and 4.2% (4/95) respectively. Conclusions IBBR was the most common used surgery in breast reconstruction after mastectomy. However, the proportion of IBBR in patients after mastectomy was still low. Reginal economy, surgery volume of hospitals, lack of specialty training program and the concern about complications and patient′s satisfaction were the factors affecting the development of IBBR.

To investigate the current trends of breast reconstruction ( BR ) after mastectomy in China. Methods A list of hospitals with more than 200 cases of breast cancer surgery per year nationwide was obtained, and 110 institutions were selected according to the geographical distribution. The research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey, and 92.3%(169／183) of the questions were single?choice questions. Information such as demographics of surgeons and hospitals, number of mastectomy and BR, type and timing of BR was included in the survey. Survey formal notification letter was issued by the China Anti?Cancer Association Breast Cancer Committee and Chinese College of Surgeons, Committee of Mammary Surgeons. Questionnaires were sent to the respondents of each center by email. The survey time range was from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. All data were completely collected before September 7, 2018.Results A total of 110 units participated in the survey.In total, 87.3%(96／110) of the hospitals have conducted BR surgery. The BR after mastectomy was 10.7%( 6 534／61 099), among this, implant BR accounted for 65.7%(4 296／6 534), autologous BR accounted for 20.1%(1 312／6 534), and autologous combined implant BR accounted for 14.2%( 927／6 534 ). Immediate reconstruction accounted for 67.6%(4 417／6 534) of BR, while delayed BR accounted for 32.4%(2 097／6 534). In 2017, 77.8%( 35／45) of the plastic surgery departments cooperated with general surgery departments. General BR could be conducted after mastectomy accounted for 83.6%( 92／110 ). The proportion of reconstruction was positively correlated with the gross domestic product ( GDP) per capita ( r＝0.311, P＝0.002). The one?step implant?based BR(IBBR) was the most preferred type in immediate BR. Two?step IBBR was the most preferred method in delayed BR. Hospitals that routinely evaluated aesthetics after BR accounted for 64.6%( 62／96), while only 16.7%( 16／96) of hospitals used patient?reported outcome measure (PROM). The most commonly used PROM tool was BREAST?Q. Conclusions The overall BR in China is on upward trend, but gap between China and the developed countries still exists. Breast surgery departments should strengthen further cooperation with plastic surgery departments. Simultaneously, the aesthetics evaluation and PROM after BR should be put a high premium.

Objective:To investigate the current trend of breast cancer neoadjuvant therapy and provide reference for the improvement of breast cancer clinical guideline in the future.Methods:Questionnaires of cross-sectional survey were sent to 110 hospitals (breast cancer surgery quantity surpassing 200) between July 2018 and September 2018. The stages and subtypes, therapeutic regimen, treatment assession, operation choice and preforming of patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy were recorded.Results:Neoadjuvant treatment has been performed in all of the 110 hospitals. The total number of breast patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy was about 14 550 (17.0% in surgical patients) in 2017. For all of the neoadjuvant patients, the proportion of stageⅡ patients was less than 30% in 81 hospitals, and the proportion of stage Ⅲ was more than 50% in 84 hospitals. The numbers of estrogen receptor (ER) (+ )/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) (-), ER (-)/HER-2 (+ ) and triple negative subtype breast cancer patients were 3 550 (24.4%), 6 024 (41.4%) and 4 991 (34.3%), respectively. Patient′s scruples of relatively delayed operation and weak will of breast conservation after neoadjuvant therapy were the majority reasons for neoadjuvant therapy restriction. Anthracycline followed by taxane was the most usual neoadjuvant therapeutic regimens in 53.6% hospitals, and anthracycline plus taxane was the first choice in 42.7% hospitals. Chemotherapy with targeting therapy was recommended to HER-2 positive neoadjuvant patients in 80.9% hospitals. To assess treatment outcome of neoadjuvant treatment, 42.7% hospitals used MRI in more than 50% patients while the usage rate of MRI was less than 20% in 37.3% hospitals. The proportions of hospital using repeat-marking, tattoo and metal clip as the first method to identify the primary tumor region and lymph nodes were 60.0%, 29.1% and 10.9%, respectively. Breast-conservation rate after neoadjuvant therapy was less than 20% in 87.3% hospitals.Conclusions:Neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer is widely performed in most hospitals in China, while the proportion of neoadjuvant treatment in patients with operable breast cancer is still low. Meanwhile, the idea of achieving de-escalation operation through neoadjuvant treatment is not promoted and the therapeutic evaluation method of neoadjuvant treatment needs further studies to improve.

To investigate the current trends of breast reconstruction ( BR ) after mastectomy in China. Methods A list of hospitals with more than 200 cases of breast cancer surgery per year nationwide was obtained, and 110 institutions were selected according to the geographical distribution. The research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey, and 92.3%(169／183) of the questions were single?choice questions. Information such as demographics of surgeons and hospitals, number of mastectomy and BR, type and timing of BR was included in the survey. Survey formal notification letter was issued by the China Anti?Cancer Association Breast Cancer Committee and Chinese College of Surgeons, Committee of Mammary Surgeons. Questionnaires were sent to the respondents of each center by email. The survey time range was from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. All data were completely collected before September 7, 2018.Results A total of 110 units participated in the survey.In total, 87.3%(96／110) of the hospitals have conducted BR surgery. The BR after mastectomy was 10.7%( 6 534／61 099), among this, implant BR accounted for 65.7%(4 296／6 534), autologous BR accounted for 20.1%(1 312／6 534), and autologous combined implant BR accounted for 14.2%( 927／6 534 ). Immediate reconstruction accounted for 67.6%(4 417／6 534) of BR, while delayed BR accounted for 32.4%(2 097／6 534). In 2017, 77.8%( 35／45) of the plastic surgery departments cooperated with general surgery departments. General BR could be conducted after mastectomy accounted for 83.6%( 92／110 ). The proportion of reconstruction was positively correlated with the gross domestic product ( GDP) per capita ( r＝0.311, P＝0.002). The one?step implant?based BR(IBBR) was the most preferred type in immediate BR. Two?step IBBR was the most preferred method in delayed BR. Hospitals that routinely evaluated aesthetics after BR accounted for 64.6%( 62／96), while only 16.7%( 16／96) of hospitals used patient?reported outcome measure (PROM). The most commonly used PROM tool was BREAST?Q. Conclusions The overall BR in China is on upward trend, but gap between China and the developed countries still exists. Breast surgery departments should strengthen further cooperation with plastic surgery departments. Simultaneously, the aesthetics evaluation and PROM after BR should be put a high premium.