Objective To observe the preventive efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine with parecoxib sodium on the patients with postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil. Methods A total of 100 female patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were as-signed into four groups according to the table of random number:the control group (group C),the parecoxib sodium group (group P),the dexmedetomidine group (group D)and the parecoxib sodium combined with the dexmedetomidine group (group DP).The vital signs were monitored and the total intravenous anesthesia was performed.All the patients were give intravenous injection of 0.2μg·kg-1 ·min-1 remifentanil and 4-12 mg·kg-1 ·h-1 propofol to maintain the anesthesia.Patients in group P were given 40 mg parecoxib sodium 30 minutes before the end of the operation.Patients in group D were give intravenous injection of 0.6μg·kg-1 ·min-1 dexmedetomidine consistently till 30 min before the end of the operation.Patients in group DP were given 0.6 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 till 30 min before the end of the operation and were given 40 mg parecoxib sodium.The VAS scores were re-corded at 1,2,6,12,24 hours.The cases of agitation,rigors,nausea and vomiting and increasing of analgesics were recorded.Results The postoperative VAS scores in group P,group D and group DP were significantly lower than group C(P <0.05).The postoperative VAS scores in group DP were significantly lower in group P and group D (P<0.05).Cases of agitation and rigors in group D and group DP were less than group C(P <0.05).The increasing of analgesics in group DP was much higher than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion After induced,patients were given intravenous in-jection of 0.6 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 dexmedetoniding consistently till 30 min before the end of the opera-tion were given 40 mg parecoxib sodium can effectively prevent hyperalgesia after remifentanil anes-thesia without significant increase in revival time and obtain a better sedation.

Background Age-related cataract is one of the common causes of blindness.Although the pathophysiology of age-related cataract is far from clearly understood,it is well accepted that DNA damage plays an important role in the disease pathogenesis.Objective The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of age-related cataract.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out.This study complied Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Two hundred and eleven patients with agerelated cataract and 147 normal subjects were enrolled from a “ Jiangsu Eye Study:Funing 2011 Eye Disease Epidemic Survey”.All the subjects aged from 50 through 80 years with matched age and gender between the two groups.The percentage of tail DNA and Olive tail moment (OTM) were detected by comet assay to assess the extent of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 17.0 software,and the differences of the percentage of tail DNA and OTM were compared between the age-related cataract group and normal control group by independent sample t test as well as among the 50-59 years group,60-69 years group and ≥70 years group by one-way analysis of variance.Results Comet assay showed a round lymph cell with the clear border in the normal group;while in the age-related cataract group,the cell was bigger with a comet-like tail.The percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (21.75 ± 3.51) ％ and 6.54 ± 1.65 in the age-related cataract group,and those in the normal control group were (9.31 ±3.60)％ and 2.18 ± 1.10,respectively,with significant differences between them (t =32.67,P =0.00 ; t =28.02,P =O.00).In the 50-59 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.04±2.86) ％ and 5.92± 1.14,and in the 60-69 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.77 ±2.93) ％ and 6.13 ± 1.14,which were significantly reduced in comparison with (22.79 ± 3.67)％ and 6.95±1.91 of the ≥70years subgroup(TailDNA％:q=2.75,P=0.00; q=2.02,P=0.00;OTM:q=1.03,P =0.02 ; q =0.82,P =0.00).Conclusions The pathogenesis and development of age-related cataract probably is associated with DNA damage.

To propose a formula method of medicated diet based on medicinal property combination patterns in this paper under the context of lack of innovation in medicated diets. By analyzing the property combination patterns of traditional Chinese medicine and commonly used foods recorded in the pharmacopoeia, medicated diet formulae were optimized by using the greedy algorithm, with the property combination patterns of classical formulae based on the syndrome differentiation and treatment. In this paper, the Baihu Rensheng decoction, which is a classical formula for treating lung and stomach heat-derived diabetes, was taken for example in the formula design. As a result, totally 18 medicated diet formulae were developed and proved to be rational in the analysis on traditional Chinese medicines and nutriology. This method expands the way of thinking for personalized diet therapies and provides theoretical basis the industrial development and clinical application of medicated diets.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus ; diet therapy ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diet ; Diet Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy

The combination of medicinal properties refers to expression forms of elements with active properties combined according to a specific sequence. The mode of medicinal property combination refers to the compatible relationship multiple medicinal property combinations. In this paper, based on the mode, safflower, Taohong Siwu decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu decoction and Buyang Huanwu decoction were taken for example to study the characteristics of the compatibility among single herb, herbal pairs and prescriptions. The authors discovered the similarities and differences among them, interpreted the self-similarity in medicinal property combinations of traditional Chinese medicines, and analyzed the compatible relationship among multiple medicinal property combinations, so as to bring forth new ideas in discovering the correlation between the compatibility study mode of traditional Chinese medicines based medicinal property combinations and the efficient compatibility of medicinal property combination.
Drug Combinations ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective:Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and by which in turn promotes cardiomyocytes apoptosis is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of various cardiac diseases. Small heat shock protein 27(Hsp27) could protect different cells from oxidative damage. By using tissue nonspecific overexpression Hsp 27 transgenic model, other investigators demonstrated that Hsp27 suppressed successfully kainate-induced seizures and hippocampal cell death in intact transgenic mice, and attenuated mimic ischemia/reperfusion injury in Langendorff-perfused isolated mice heart. As there are complicated and long distance neuro-humoral regulation associated with the development of cardiac diseases, it is better to choose a cardiac-specific overexpression transgenic model to study the effects of Hsp27 in hearts in vivo.Methods:A cDNA encoding human Hsp27 was subcloned into pBSII-SK+ containing the ?-myosin heavy chain (?-MHC) promoter (generously provided by Dr. J. Robbins, Children’s Hospital of Cincinnati, Ohio). BamHI-digested linear transgene consistent with the ?-MHC promoter, Hsp27 cDNA, and poly (A) of human growth hormone (hGH) was microinjected into the fertilized eggs from CBA/BL6 mice. Mice containing the transgene were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Founders revealed by this screening were used to establish independent transgenic lines. Following successful transmission, a range of tissues including heart, lung, liver, brain, skeleton muscle, spleen and kidney was screened by Western blot to confirm the cardiac specific expression of the transgene. Results and Discussion:Transgenic mice expressed Hsp27 under the control of a-MHC promoter. Cardiac tissues from independent TG line expressed abundant Hsp27, and as expected, Hsp27 expressed in cardiac tissues only, whereas none in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and skeleton muscle. Surprisingly, Hsp25, the endogenous isoform of Hsp27 in murine, was downregulated by Hsp27 overexpression (data not shown), which is in contrast to the result of Hollander’s [1]. It needs to determine in future whether Hsp27 expression profile in heart could exert any effect on the regulation of Hsp25.Conclusion: The TG mice overexpression human Hsp27 specifically in the heart by using ?MHC- promotor were created. All TG mice expressed Hsp27 abundantly and cardiac-specifically. To our knowledge, it is the first report of creation of transgenic mice which overexpressing Hsp27 cardiac specifically. This current model suggests that the Hsp27 cardiac-specific over-expression of transgenic mouse remains a robust genetic tool for dissecting molecular and genetic events involving Hsp27, which could be a therapeutic target in heart failure.

0.05).At different time points after ischemia-reperfusion,the expression of cytochrome C and activation of caspase-3 were lower in the transgen mice than that in the wild type rats.Conclusions Under standard condition,overexpression of bcl-xl could significantly reduce the infarct area and improve neurological function in transgene mice than those in the wild type rats.The effect of overexpression of bcl-xl might be realized through inhibiting the apoptosis of neuron,and the mechanism might be that the overexpression of bcl-xl inhibit the release of cytochrome C and the activation of caspase-3.

Multi-component traditional Chinese medicines are an innovative research mode for traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, there are many design methods for developing multi-component traditional Chinese medicines, but their common feature is the lack of effective connection of the traditional Chinese medicine theory. In this paper, the authors discussed the multi-component traditional Chinese medicine design methods based on medicinal property combination modes, provided the combination methods with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the prescription combinations, and proved its feasibly with hypertension cases.
Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect and anticoagulation effect of polysaccharides from the sea cucumber (PSU) on acute incomplete cerebral ischemia (AICI).

METHODSAdult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 group (n = 12): sham operation group, model group, low-dose (30 mg/(kg x d)), middle-dose (60 mg/(kg x d)) and high-dose (120 mg/(kg x d)) groups. The cerebral ischemia rat model was established by permanently ligating the common carotid arteries on both sides of rats. We observed the change of behavior disturbance, brain water content, the levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as the effects on prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen(FIB).

RESULTSDue to the use of polysaccharides, the behavioral disturbance was improved, brain water content and the levels of serum CRP were significantly decreased. Also PSU significantly prolonged APTT, TT and reduced the content of FIB (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPSU has protective effect on acute incomplete cerebral ischemia injured rats and significant anticoagulation effect.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sea Cucumbers ; Thrombin Time

BACKGROUNDVancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) cause serious infections that are difficult to treat. We carried out this study to determine the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of linezolid when combined with minocycline against VRE strains, to determine the mechanism of drug resistance in vitro, and to provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of drugs against VRE.

METHODSThe minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of linezolid and minocycline against 30 Enterococci (E.) isolates (including 20 VRE strains) were determined by the broth microdilution method. Drug interactions were assessed by the checkerboard microdilution tests and confirmed by time-kill studies. Two vancomycin-susceptible strains N27 and N40 (linezolid MIC, 2 g/ml; minocycline MIC, 4 µg/ml) and control strains E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and ATCC 51299 were also tested. The MPCs of linezolid and minocycline (alone and combined) were determined using the agar dilution method. Strains showing stable resistance were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of domain V of the 23S rRNA gene.

RESULTSCheckerboard titration studies revealed synergistic effects of combination therapy in 26.7% of 30 E. isolates. Antagonism was not observed. The G2576U mutation was detected in stable linezolid-resistant strains of ATCC 29212, N40, and N27 before and after resistance screening, and MIC values increased with the number of G2576U mutations. The MPC of linezolid against E. decreased dramatically when combined with minocycline, and vice versa.

CONCLUSIONLinezolid or minocycline alone produce resistant strains; however, their joint use may reduce the MPC of each agent against VRE, thereby decreasing resistant mutants and bacterial infections.

Acetamides ; pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Enterococcus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Linezolid ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Minocycline ; pharmacology ; Mutation ; Oxazolidinones ; pharmacology ; Vancomycin Resistance

Adolescent ; Child ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Siblings ; Transplantation, Homologous ; immunology ; Treatment Outcome