Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; therapeutic use ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; therapeutic use ; Bone Transplantation ; Collagen ; therapeutic use ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Humans ; Membranes, Artificial ; Periodontal Diseases ; surgery ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate whether there are different effects of electric stimulation of vagus nerve,peripheral nerve(sciatic nerve and trigeminal nerve),and motor cortex on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)induced convulsion in rats.Methods The vagus nerve and sciatic nerve were exposed in rats.The stimulation electrodes were placed on the vagus nerve,sciatic nerve,trigeminal nerve,and motor cortex,respectively.After electric stimulation,PTZ(50 mg/kg)was intraperitoneally injected into the rats.The pattern and latency of the convulsion seizure were observed and recorded.Results Racine's grade Ⅰ-Ⅴ grade convulsion seizure Was present in 9 rats(9/10)in the control group after the injection of PTZ.However,this intensity Was reduced to Ⅰ-Ⅲ grade differentially in all the rats by electric stimulation of the vagus nerve(5/10)or peripheral nerve(6/10 and 5/10).Furthermore,in the group of rats stimulated at motor cortex,there Was completely no convulsion.On the other hand,when pathological changes appeared in cortex or hippocampus(i.e.epileptic model was set up by 7 weeks stimulation),the same stimulation of motor cortex was not able to inhibit the convulsion seizure induced by injection of PTZ and all these rats showed Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade seizure(10/10).Conclusions In physiological condition,all of the four types of stimulation differentially reduced intensity of convulsion seizure triggered by PIZ injection and motor cortex stimulation has the best effect.However.when rats were in pathological status and epileptic nidus appeared in their brains.stimulatiion of motor cortex has no effect on PTZ induced convulsion seizure.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the property,skin irritation and in vitro transdermal absorption of Diclofenac sodium microemulsion(DS-ME),and to explore the feasibility of local external use of it. METHODS:The content of DS in DS-ME was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The distribution of particle size was determined by laser particle size analyzer. The ef-fects of DS-ME and blank micro-emulsion on normal skin of single administration,normal skin of multiple administration and dam-aged skin of single administration were investigated by rabbit skin irritation test. The transdermal parameters of DS-ME and commer-cially available DS gel through isolated skin of mice were compared by Franz diffusion cell. RESULTS:The prepared DS-ME was O/W microemulsion with particle size of(30.140±9.020)nm. Compared with blank ME,DS-ME had no significant difference in rabbit skin irritation score. Steady permeation rates of DS-ME and commercially available DS gel were 34.16 and 18.62 μg/(cm2·h), respectively;the permeation coefficient of them were 1.029 and 0.561 cm/h;the delay time were 0.124 2 and 0.367 2 h. CONCLU-SIONS:The particle size of DS-ME is small and not irritant to skin,and can improve transdermal absorption rate of DS.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Qizhong Granules(QG) on preventing upper respiratory tract infection(URTI) in the elderly through clinical observation.Methods One hundred and forty-nine qualified aged patients were randomized into 3 groups: group A(N =50) received QG,group B(N =49) received Jade Screen Powder(JSP),and group C(N =50) was the blank control group.The treatment lasted 7 continuous days.We observed the incidence of URTI as well as the changes of symptoms and signs on the 7th and 14th day of treatment.Results(1) URTI occurred in 1(2.00%),2(4.08%) and 11(22.00%) patients of groups A, B and C,respectively.The differences between groups A and C,and those between groups B and C were significant(P

Based on the analysis of 5-year collected data,our study showed that the teacher and course characteristics influence student ratings significantly.The scientific and rea-sonable evaluation approaches provides fundamental information for teaching capacity enhancement and course improvement.

BACKGROUND:The tissue structure of the affected arms of the breast cancer patients is seriously damaged after operation, which often causes the disorder of functional activity and directly affects the lives and work of Breast Cancer patients.OBJECTIVE: To promote the functional recovery of affected-side upperlimb in patients with breast cancer after operation by three-stage functional training and health guidance.DESIGN: Clinical observationSETTING: Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical UniversityPARTICIPANTS:Totally 168 patients,to be all female,aged from34 to72 years with the average of 49.65 years, diagnosed breast cancer and received operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of the China Medical University from May 2002 to May 2004, were recruited.METHODS:Self-training was performed on the upper-arm at the affectedtion ( one or two days after operation): Do active and passive exercises of Off-bed stage (3 to 14 days after operation): Do exercises of shoulder joint,hospital( 3 to 6 months), functional exercise and guidance training on the upper arm, 2 to 3 times per day , 15 to 20 minutes per time. Self-training effect of the patients was investigated through further consultation, once every 2 months after the self-training.cises status and the abnormal status of their affected arms of the patients.RESULTS :Totally 168 patients completed the study,all their date was enbetter recovery with their affected arms and could do some simple work 75.0% (126/168)of the patients persisted in the functional training of their affected arms over half a year after they discharged from the hospital;25.0% (42/168)of the patients had different degrees of lymphatic edema of the affected arms.CONCLUSION:We have got an obvious effect in the aspects of strengthening the guidance of the functional training of their affected arms of the breast cancer patients and telling the patients and their family members the significance of persisting in training their main points of self nursing of their affected arms.

The dietary composition of inhabitants of the endemic and nonendemic areas, the epidemics of Keshan disease, and its clinical examinations from 14 counties in Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shanxi, Shantong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizhang provinces were investigated.The results revealed: (1) There were differences of the dietary sources between endemic and non-endemic inhabitants (difference of water-soil conditions); (2) The composition of diet between inhabitants of endemic and non-endemic areas were different; (3) There were differences of dietary composition of the inhabitants between peak year of incidence and ordinary year in endemic districts. The less the variety of diet the higher the incidence of the disease; the greater the variety of diet, the lower its incidence. The decrease of the incidence was closely related to the improvement of dietary conditions in endemic area.

Objective To study the significance of radiotherapy of mediastinal metastasis after radical surgery for thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Methods Seventy six patients with esophageal carcinoma who developed mediastinal metastasis 3～18 months after radical surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The size of mediastinal metastasis was 3?cm in 32. Nine of these patients had metastasis in neck lymph nodes and 3 had distant metastasis as well. Radiotherapy was given with a Cobalt 60 unit. The radiation dose ranged from 10.8?Gy to 75.0?Gy by conventional fractionation. Results Nine patients did not finish radiotherapy and all of them died within one year of (after) treatment. The mean of survival time was 4.9 months. Sixty seven patients received radiation of 50～70?Gy. The corresponding overall survivals at 1, 2, and 3 years were 75.0% (57/76), 27.6% (21/76) and 9.2% (7/76), respectively. Conclusion Radical radiotherapy may improve the prognosis with an appropriate tumor dose of 65～75?Gy.

目的观察75岁以上老年人急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)静脉溶栓治疗的疗效。方法48例75岁以上采用尿激酶溶栓治疗的患者与同期94例<75岁的AMI患者溶栓治疗做对照。结果≥75岁组的再通率为68.7%,<75岁组为72.3%;轻度出血分别为6.3%和5.3%,重度出血均为0%;心率失常分别为41.6%和49.9%;病死率为6.3%和5.3%。两组患者12h静脉溶栓治疗再通率无显著性差异,并发症及病死率也无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论75岁以上老人静脉溶栓治疗是安全有效的。

Alveolar Process ; surgery ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; methods ; Esthetics, Dental ; Gingiva ; surgery ; Humans