Objective: To assess the clinical value of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) values in elder patients with heart failure (HF).
Methods: According to NYHA classiifcation, a total of 384 HF patients were divided into 4 groups as NYHA I group, n=35, NYHA II group, n=89, NYHA III group, n=163, NYHA IV group, n=97;and Control group, n=69 normal subjects. The NT-ProBNP and troponin (cTn1) levels were examined in systolic HF and diastolic HF patients, the relationship between NT-ProBNP and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were studied.
Results: For NT-ProBNP levels, Control group and NYHA I group were similar, P>0.05; while it was different among each HF groups, P<0.05. For cTn1 levels, Control group, NYHA I group and NYHA II group were similar, P>0.05;while NYHA III group and NYHA IV group were different from other groups, P<0.05. The patients with systolic HF had the higher NT-ProBNP and LVEDD, the patients with diastolic HF had the higher LVEF. In elder HF patients, NT-ProBNP level was negatively related to LVEF (r=-0.687, P<0.05) and positively correlated to LVEDD (r=0.735, P<0.05).
Conclusion: NT-ProBNP may better reflect the cardiac structural and functional changes in HF patients, it is important for HF early diagnosis and prognosis in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss marketing combination program strategy of online drug store in China.METHODS: It was analyzed from aspects of product strategy,price strategy,channel strategy and promotion strategy.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: For product strategy of online drug store,great importance should be attached to the rational selection of products;the product strategy should manifest its advantage of low price;the distribution channel strategy should be conducive to the close rate and the promotion means in promoting strategy should be diversified.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the selection of marketing strategy for post-marketing drugs.METHODS:?2 test was employed to analyze the number of 4 marketing strategies(flank attack strategy,guerrilla strategy,defensive strategy and attack strategy)used for the 100 well-known drug brands(74 from domestic versus 26 from abroad),meanwhile the regular marketing strategies for the domestic vs.foreign drug enterprises and for the OTC drugs vs.prescribed drugs were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:There were significant differences between domestic and foreign pharmaceutical enterprises in the use of guerrilla strategy and attack strategy,20 of the domestic brands(27.03%)vs.none of the foreign brands used guerrilla strategy(0.00%),however,the foreign enterprises prefer attack strategy than domestic enterprises(14 foreign brands(53.85%)vs.13 domestic ones(17.57%)).There were no significant differences between domestic and foreign brands in the application of flank attack strategy and defensive strategy,the same is true between OTC and prescription drugs in the four strategies mentioned above.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for domestic pharmaceutical enterprises in making marketing-mix strategy. METHODS: ?2 test was performed to analyze the numbers of the product strategy,price strategy,place strategy and promotion strategy included in marketing-mix strategy of 100 well-known brand drugs (74 domestic brand drugs versus 26 foreign brand drugs),and the regular patterns for the application of the strategies were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: There is great difference between domestic brand drugs and foreign brand drugs in product strategy and price strategy. In terms of product strategy,the foreign drug enterprises attach more importance to concept marketing strategy than domestic counterparts do;as for price strategy,the domestic drug enterprises prefer low price-high promotion strategy while the foreign counterparts prefer high price-high promotion strategy. However,the difference between Chinese drug enterprises and foreign counterparts in channel strategy and promotion strategy is non-significant.

Baby cake'' is a kind of baby food which has been traditionally used in certain parts of China. It consists half of rice powder and half of flour. The lysine is the first limiting amino acid of "baby cake'' and it is also deficient in calcium.In order to improve the nutritional value of "baby cake", we enriched it with 0.25% lysine and 0.122% calcium.72 Wistar derived rats were devided into 3 groups: group A was fed with "baby cake" enriched with 0.25% lysine, group B enriched with 0.25% lysine and 0.122% calcium and group C with original "baby cake" as control.The results revealed: body weight, weight and length and density of bones all were better in enriched groups and the best was in the group enriched with lysine and calcium. All were statistically significant.

First, Tuina is applied on Lanmen (Extra point), Jianli (CV 11), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zhongji (CV 3). Then the spinal column and two sides of the spine are pressed and kneaded with the palm root downward, and finally the skin is pinched with the thumb and index finger of the two hands, along the Governor Vessel from Changqiang (GV 1) to Dazhui (DV 14). Eighty-nine cases of infantile enuresis were treated by this method. After 1-3 courses of the treatments, the results showed cure in 54 cases, improvement in 32 cases and failure in 3 cases,and the total effective rate in 96.6%.

Summary The clinical manifestaion includes purple or red patches and nodules, dark red appearing on head and face. Physical examination showed facial swelling with lymph nodes. CT examination demonstrated both diffuse swelling of facial soft tissue and multiple cervical lymph nodes. Platelet significantly reduced. Pathological examination: angiosarcoma.
Face ; Head ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) level,myocardial perfusion and cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients.Methods120 cases of STEMI patients received hs-CRP detection after PCI.were selected The patients were divided into the normal hs-CRP group and elevated hs-CRP group according to the hs-CRP levels.Following up for six months,the cardiovascular events of two groups were recorded.Results(1)After PCI,the percentage of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) 0 ～ 1 in the elevated hs-CRP group was higher than that in the normal hs-CRP group,and the percentage of TMPG 3 in the elevated hs-CRP group was lower than that in the normal hs-CRP group ( P ＜ 0.05) ; (2) Following up for six months,the incidence of cardiovascular events in the elevated hs-CRP group was significantly higher than that in the normal hs-CRP group ( P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionFor STEMI patients after PCI,the increasing of hs-CRP indicated the poorly of myocardial perfusion;the early monitoring of hs-CRP was helpful to evaluate the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction after PCI.

Objective:To research the risk factors of developing Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD).Methods:Among 427 students in an elementary school in Changsha, we screened out thirty-four children with ODD by the criteria of DSM-IV. They and other thirty-four normal children from the same school were included in the case-control study. Education levels, jobs and Cartel 16 Personality Factors (16PF) were filled out by their parents. Combined Raven's Test (CRT) was used to evaluate children's intelligence.Results:The prevalence rate of ODD in children increased with the decrease of their father's and mother's education level (for father's education level form advanced education, secondary education to primary, the rate increased from 6.6%,7.2% to 12.0%) and (for mother, 5.3%,7.5%,10.6%). The rate of ODD was highest in children with father and mother doing small business (16.7% and 16.5%, ?~2=12.67～12.68,P

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of constipation lags behind relatively with unsatisfactory efficacy. Pathogeneses and molecular mechanisms for different types of constipation are waiting to be further clarified. New biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical diagnosis of constipation are so urgent. As for current problems in diagnosis and treatment of constipation, it is necessary to use the concept of translational medicine to break existing imprisonment of thinking, and find out new thinking ways of research methods, diagnosis and treatment approaches, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment levels.
Constipation ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Translational Medical Research