Early weaning from mechanical ventilation in children will lead to an extubation failure,however,prolonging mechanical ventilation will increase the risk of ventilator associated complication and the economical burden of disease.Nowadays there is no unified and objective ventilator weaning indexes in pediatrics,so it is significant to searching for appropriate and feasible ventilator weaning indexes.This article detailed the current progress on the condition and predictors of ventilator weaning in children,and comparing the predictability and accuracy of ventilator weaning indexes in children,also looking forward to the possibility of higher accuracy or scheme in ventilator weaning that used for clinical purposes.

Post-examination quality management is an important part in clinical microbiology,which includes systematic review,standardized result reporting format and interpretation,protection of private infomation in accordance with the medical ethics system,consulting services,and proper storage of clinical microbial specimens in course of post-examination procedures.Only in this way,the clinical microbiology laboratory could play greater roles in guiding doctors to rational antibacterial drug usage and preventing the produce of drug-resistaut strains.

Statin therapy has become a standard method for the prevention of ischemic stroke,and is becoming a treatment option for acute ischemic stroke.The pleiotropic effects of statins which are independent of cholesterol are the main basis of using them in the treatment of ischemic stroke.It is regarded that these pleiotropic effects may have neuroprotective effects,thus improving the neurological functional outcome of patients.At the same time,studies have shown that the therapeutic effect of statins has dose-dependent manner; therefore,we advocate using high-dose statin therapy.However,about whether high-dose statins should be used in patients with ischemic stroke of the different mechanisms remain controversial.

With the continuous improvement of drag for stroke prevention, ipsilateral stroke risk in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis has been equal to or lower than that in the revascularization group in randomized controlled trials. Under this condition, is the asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis an indication for revascularization? This article introduces the views of different researchers.

Neuroimaging studies show that transient ischemic attacks of middle cerebral artery occlusion are not uncommon.Whether these patients should be treated with tissue plasminogen activator remains to be controversial.This article introduces the different views around this debate.

ObjectiveTo explore clinical manifestations and CT performance characteristics of amalgamative AIDS tuberculosis. MethodsThe clinical data and CT manifestations of 28 patients who were already diagnosed with AIDS amalgamative tuberculosis were analyzed. ResultsThe common clinical manifestations of AIDS amalgamative tuberculosis: were cough, sputum, fever, night sweats, angular, difficult breathing, diarrhea, superficial lymph node enlargement,etc. The CT manifestations:were diffuse com grain of venereal change, the spot piece infiltrating kitchen,lung door ormediastinumlymphnodeenlargement, pleuraleffusion. Emptyandcalciticationwererare.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations and CT performance characteristics of amalgamative AIDS tuberculosis were not typical,whose performance was related with the body's immune state. When AIDS patients appoare diffuse lung in corn grain, spot piece infiltration sex pathological change focal, lung door or mediastinum lymph node enlargement, the possibility of amalgamative tuberculosis pleural effusion should first be diagnosed.

Problem-based learning ( PBL ) has become the major teaching method to cultivate medical student's autonomous learning and their ability to solve problems.It's basic elements are the scene authenticity and problem construction.Thoratic surgery clinical probation is the most important part of clinical teaching.The author summerized and analysized the PBL teaching experience in thoratic surgery and had some new understanding and experience on the problem construction,and therefore made some exploration and improvement to it and got some good teaching effect.

ObjectiveObserving the distribution and the change of the quantity of SP,VIP in the colon tissue of 'cathartic colon'rats.MethodsWe divided the 32 wistar rats weighted (200 ±10)g into 2 groops randomly:the blank group( n =8) and model group( n =8).we induced the 'cathartic colon'rats with the suspension of dahuang.The blank group were given the distilled water for contrast.After one week during the time Dahuang was stopped.We killed them,measured the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine and then took Specimen after the 8 rats were fasted 24 hours as well as the blank group,but water were given.We compared the variation of SP,VIP distribution between two groups.ResultsThe carbon powder propulsion rates in the model group were slower than that in the saline control group.The distribution of SP,VIP are all more than that in the blank group.ConclusionThe distribution of SP,VIP are all more than that in the blank group.

ObjectiveTo study and compare the nursing effect of different nursing modes in patients with dysuria after transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate. Methods50 patients with dysuria after transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate from January 2007 to March 2011 were selected as research objects,and they were randomly divided into group A and group B with 25 cases in each group,group A was taken care with routine nursing method,group B adopted evidence-based nursing mode,then the rate of self- maturate,usage rate of catheter,time of indwelling catheter,maximum flow rate,relapse of dysuria,satisfaction degree,treatment compliance and quality of life before and after the nursing of two groups were analyzed and compared. ResultsThe rate of self-maturate and satisfaction degree of group B were higher than those of group A,usage rate of catheter and relapse of dysuria were lower than those of group A,time of indwelling catheter was shorter than that of group A,treatment compliance and quality of life were all better than those of group A,there were significant differences. ConclusionsThe nursing effect of evidence-based nursing mode in patients with dysuria after transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate is good,it can significantly improve the quality of life and is popular among patients.

This paper has made a distinction between the materialist concept of qi on the medical philosophical level and its substantial existence, and illustrated the materiality and multiplicity of qi. Materiality refers to the objective reality, a summation of various things or phenomena related to human beings; while multiplicity refers to diversity of specific substances, each holding its individual essence. Based on two essential conceptions "xiang" and "xiangji", and combining the theories of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, this paper has also made a preliminary study on the substantial existence of qi at macro- and micro-levels, and on physiological (normal) and pathological (abnormal) aspects. It is the author's argument that studies of the substantial existence of qi from different aspects, micro-dimension in particular, will push the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine to a more subtle sphere.