No abstract available.
Strabismus*

No abstract available.
Strabismus*

Anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle(ATIO) is known to an effective procedure for correcting marked overaction of inferior oblique muscle. However, depression in abduction and elevation deficiency in primary and abduction positions have occurred without adherence syndrome after this procedure. To avoid these complications, the author modiffied ATIO by transposing only the anterior portion of inferior oblique muscle at 2mm anterior to the temporal insertion site of inferior rectus, and placing the posterior portion of muscle just posterior to the insertion site of inferior rectus. Modified ATIO was performed in 4 cases of inferior oblique overaction(IOOA) with dissociated vertical deviation(DVD), 2 cases of unilateral IOOA withcontralateral superior oblique overaction(SOOA) and 5 cases of superior oblique palsy(SOP) Knapp class IV. They were observed for over 6 months (6~18 months). Three of 4 cases of IOOA with DVD were improved but adherence syndrome occurred in one case and depression in abduction occurred in another case. In 2 cases of unilateral IOOA with contralateral SOOA, hypertropia was decreased from 20delta and 2delta respectively, after the procedure. In 5 cases of SOP Knapp class IV, preoperative hypertropia was 20delta-40delta in primary position. After modified ATIO, hypertropia was 0delta-20delta . The correction effect was 12delta-35delta , with an average of 18.4delta in primary position. In 4 of 5 cases, hypertropia was corrected within 10delta in primary position. Modified ATIO is an effective procedure for unilateral IOOA with contralateral SOOA and SOP Knapp class IV as a single muscle surgery.
Depression ; Strabismus

Numerous authors published tables showing the amount of strabismus surgery and the effectivity. Although Scobee and Knapp etc. stressed the difficulty of making an accurate prediction of strabismus surgery. the standardized formula of the surgical treatment of strabismus has long been the ambition of ophthalmologist. Author agreed with the opinion of Dyer who provided the ophthalmologist with excellent tables suggesting combinations of muscles and amount of surgery to correct various types of strabismus and so 132 cases of comitant horizontal strabismus treated surgically with Dyer method at Kong Eye Clinic from August 1975 to July 1976 were analyzed. With author's data. this paper present a mathematical formula to estimate the amount of strabismus surgery.
Muscles ; Strabismus*

Plication of horizontal recti with many advantages in the treatment of strabismus has been applied by many authors in the world, but not yet in Vietnam. Objectives: to evaluate the results of this surgery that applied in Vietnamese. Methods: Prescriptive, longitudinal prospective study that had been done in Hanoi National Institute of Ophthalmology from 9/2003 to 9/2004. Results: In postoperative period, 83.3% of cases with exotropia and 89.6% of cases with esotropia are well corrected after 6 months, 100% of operated eyes are well healed with a smooth conjunctive scars and 52.62 % of operated patients have got a full binocular vision after 3 months following up. The rate of the eyes with suspected amblyopia is reduced from 18.8% to 9.8%, with moderate amblyopia is also reduced from 8.8% to 2.4% by 6 months postoperatively, but the rate of the eyes with severe amblyopia is not significantly changed after surgery. Conclusion: Plication of horizontal recti is a safe, effective method for correction of strabismus, especially when it is necessary to do surgery on many extra-ocular muscles in the same eye.
Strabismus ; Therapeutics

A study on 96 children with squint of which cross-eyed (74) treated in the institute of ophthalmology during 1993-1996 has shown that the merely exercise treatment recovered the biocular vision well for squint, for the latent squint at high grade, alternant squint at high grade, local accommodative cross eyed and concomitant squint at high grade, it should combine the exercise and balance surgical treatment.
Strabismus ; child

PURPOSE: We assessed the relationship between the surgical outcome of intermittent exotropia and initial postoperative alignment by checking it on the first postoperative day or the day of strabismus surgery. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with intermittent exotropia underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession or unilateral medial rectus resection and lateral rectus recession. Thirty-two patients had their postoperative alignment checked on the day of surgery, and forty-one patients were checked on the first postoperative day. Success was defined as sustained alignment six months postoperatively from esotropia 10PD to exotropia 10PD. Overcorrection was defined as esotropia greater than 11PD, and undercorrection was exotropia greater than 11PD. We assessed the relationship between the alignment on the day of surgery or on the first postoperative day and also at six months postoperatively, as well as the success rate according to the initial postoperative alignment. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant relationship between alignments on the day of surgery or on the first postoperative day and those at six months postoperatively (p<0.001, p<0.001). The deviation on the first postoperative day had a greater correlation coefficient compared to the deviation on the day of the operation (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.704, and 0.593, respectively). The alignment of overcorrection ranged from 11~20PD on the day of surgery, and on the first postoperative day it produced a relatively high success rate (p=0.016, p=0.035). There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate between the two types of surgery (p=0.832). CONCLUSIONS: The alignment on the day of surgery showed a high correlation to the outcome on the sixth postoperative month in intermittent exotropia patients. The initial postoperative overcorrection of 11 to 20PD on the day of surgery and on the first postoperative day resulted in the best long-term outcomes.
Esotropia ; Exotropia* ; Humans ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: We investigated the effectiveness of ADCON-L in reducing the formation of adhesion after strabismus surgery in a rabbit model. METHODS: Bilateral recessions of superior rectus muscle (SR) were performed on 18 rabbits. ADCON-L was applied beneath and over the SR in 9 rabbits, while operative fields in the others were irrigated with a balanced salt solution (BSS). The degree of adhesion was recorded at 3 weeks postoperatively. All eyes were enucleated and histopathologic examination was done at 4 weeks postoperatively, and the degree of fibrous proliferation and inflammation were evaluated. RESULTS: A significant reduction in the degree of adhesion and fibrosis was noted in eyes treated with ADCON-L as compared with in those irrigated with BSS (p=0.003, p=0.028). However there was no statistical significance in the degree of inflammation between two groups (p=0.114). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that ADCON-L is effective in reducing postoperative adhesion for as long as 4 weeks after strabismus surgery in rabbits.
Fibrosis ; Inflammation ; Rabbits ; Strabismus*

In twenty five patients with vertical strabismus including dissociated vertical deviation, the auther measured the width of the superior rectus muscle insertion and the distances from posterior limbus to nasal, middle and temporal portion of the superior rectus insertion. The means of width of the insertion was 9.8mm +/- 0.92, the distances from the posterior limbus to the nasal, middle and temporal portion of the superior rectus insertion were 7.2mm +/- 0.92, 6.9mm +/- 0.7, and lO.8mm +/- 1.0 (in 7 cases) respectively. Statistically, the means of these measurements of DVD were not significantly different from other vertical strabismus patients. These reults suggest that the etiology of the DVD is not anatomic but neurogenic in origin.
Humans ; Muscles* ; Strabismus*

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy by analyzing the correlation of the amount of inferior oblique overaction (IOOA), hypertropia and excyclotorsion before, between, and after IO myectomy in patients with various degrees of IOOA. METHODS: A total of 86 eyes from 59 patients with IOOA who underwent IO myectomy were enrolled in the present study. The correlation analysis was performed for the amount of IOOA, hypertropia and excyclotorsion before and after surgery, according to the preoperative amount of IOOA, hypertropia, and excyclotorsion. RESULTS: The IOOA decreased from +2.5 +/- 0.6 before surgery to -0.01 +/- 0.25 (p < 0.05) after surgery. The vertical deviation was 5.7 +/- 6.3 prism diopter (PD) and 2.3 +/- 5.2 PD (p < 0.05) postoperatively. The amount of cyclodeviation was 15.3 +/- 7.6degrees before surgery and 6.6 +/- 5.7degrees (p < 0.05) after surgery. The amount of surgical correction for IOOA and the hypertropia was significantly correlated with preoperative deviation (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). The amount of excyclotorsion before and after surgery was also positively correlated but was not statistically significant (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IO myectomy can correct any degree of IOOA, hypertropia, and related excyclotorsion.
Eye ; Humans ; Strabismus