Drug Contamination ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Biopsy ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Humans ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; Staining and Labeling

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has many unique physiological functions such as promoting the development of brain and retina in infants. Therefore, it is widely applied to food, pharmacy, breeding and other industries. To obtain engineered strains of Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21 suitable for industrial application with increased lipid and DHA production, we designed a simple, fast, accurate and high-throughput screening method based on Nile red staining of oil droplets. First, ultraviolet C (UVC) mutagenesis was used to generate a random mutant library of A. limacinum. Second, screening conditions were optimized including staining conditions of Nile red and the sorting criterion. Thereby, three putative high-lipid mutants (D03432, D05106 and D01521) were selected from the mutant library containing 3 648 mutated clones. The three mutants grew faster and produced higher amounts of lipids and DHA compared to wild type (WT). In 100 mL cultures, the lipid content of D03432 and D05106 mutants reached 64.74% and 63.13% of dry cell weight respectively, whereas the wild strain exhibited only 43.19%. DHA yield in these two mutants were even 2.26-fold and 2.37-fold higher than that of the wild strain. Experiment with 5 L fermentor further confirmed that D03432 and D05106 mutants had better performance than the wild strain on DHA yield (45.51% and 66.46% more than that of the wild strain, respectively), and demonstrated their high potential for industrial application. This work not only generated several high-DHA content mutants with high potential for industrial use, but also provided vital guidance for high-throughput screening of lipid hyper-accumulating mutants in other oil-producing microorganisms.
Bioreactors ; Docosahexaenoic Acids ; Mutagenesis ; Staining and Labeling ; Stramenopiles

OBJECTIVE: To explore the treatment conditions of acid decalcified specimens and improve the poor quality of sections and unclear structure of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining caused by the change in pH in tooth and hard tissue after acid decalcification. METHODS: A total of 20 cases of oral pathological specimens that contain hard tissues were decalcified and treated with routine treatment, concentrated ammonia water immersion treatment, and saturated lithium carbonate solution immersion treatment. The quality and HE staining effects of hard tissue sections treated with different methods were compared. RESULTS: Compared with routine treatment, lithium carbonate saturated solution treatment showed complete sections. Hematoxylin is strongly stained, the nucleus is clear, and the cytoplasm is bright. CONCLUSIONS Soaking acid decalcified specimens in lithium carbonate saturated solution before embedding in dehydration can neutralize the acidic environment of the tissue. The quality of sections and HE staining effect are improved and are suitable for the pretreatment of acid decalcified tissue samples of oral pathology.
Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Staining and Labeling ; Tooth

Humans ; Methylene Blue ; Melanoma ; Staining and Labeling

One case of hepatocellular carcinoma with sarcomatous changes is presented. Histologically, the tumor was composed of hepatocellular-carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, including trabecular, pseudoglandular, and spindle-shaped varieties. There was a transitional cell form between the carcinoma and sarcomatous cells. Immunohistochemical examination for alpha-feto protein reveals positive staining in hepatocellular carcinoma component, and vimentin had positive result in most spindle-shaped sarcomatous cells and some epithelial tumor cells, whereas cytokeratin and EMA(epithelial membrane antigen) revealed negative staining in tumor cells, On the basis of this findings, the possibility of sarcomatous transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma was discussed.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Liver* ; Membranes ; Negative Staining ; Vimentin

OBJECTIVE: The discovery of new biomarkers for ovarian cancer is clearly necessary for the detection and monitoring of the disease. Experion(TM) automated electrophoresis system can be employed in the identification of differentially expressed proteins in cancer cells. The objective of this study was to discover potential diagnostic serological biomarkers for ovarian cancer. METHODS: We performed protein expression difference analyses for 14 healthy women and 28 ovarian cancer patients with stage I, III and IV using Experion(TM) system. And then we checked the protein expression as silver staining after loading at 8~16% gradient gel for comparison with Experion(TM) gel image. The candidate biomarkers were purified and determined using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer. RESULTS: The distinctive polypeptide peaks were detected at 115.40, 15.96, 14.8, 11.66, and 10.69 kDa and these five peaks were identified as ceruloplasmin, hemoglobin beta chain, hemoglobin sigma chain, serum amyloid A4, and amyloid related serum protein SAA, respectively. These proteins were significantly different between the sera of normal healthy women and ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: Five proteins were found to be significantly different between the sera of normal healthy women and ovarian cancer patients. In addition, Experion(TM) assay system can provide high performance for analysis of ovarian cancer-related proteins by increasing the throughput while maintaining a high level of accuracy.
Amyloid ; Biomarkers* ; Ceruloplasmin ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Silver Staining

OBJECTIVETo observe the special staining of cells cultured on nitrocellulose (NC) membrane and evaluate the application of the novel method for cell culture and pathological staining.

METHODSHuman colorectal carcinoma SW1116 cell line and SW480 cell line were cultured using nitrocellulose membrane as the culture matrix, with the same cells cultured on slides serving as the control.

RESULTSThe cells cultured on NC membrane appeared transparent with sharp edge and purple background by macroscopic observation, showing on obvious difference in terms of cell morphology and number from the cells cultured on glass slides. Irregular polygonal SW1116 cells and SW480 cells were found on the NC membrane, on which the cells grew in colony and showed blue nucleus and red cytoplasm.

CONCLUSIONSNC membrane produces no cytotoxicity and can be used for cell culture without affecting the normal cell morphology and number during cell culture, thus providing a new means for cell culture and pathological staining.

OBJECTIVETo observe the distribution of Annexin I and cytosolic phospholipose A2 (cPLA2) in the palatal process of dexamethasome teratogenerated mice.

METHODSCutting along the coronary plane of the heads of fetal mice to obtain palate in the 14th, 15th, 16th day of gestation by 10-week-old in-bred mice. The distribution of Annexin I and cPLA2 was checked by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSDuring the fusing of the palatal processes, the staining of Annexin I and cPLA2 was positive in the epithelial and mesenchymal cells of the palatal process, and the intensity of staining changed with time.

CONCLUSIONAnnexin I and cPLA2 can modulate the development of fetal palate to some extent, and they may be important mediators in the development of cleft palate induced by dexamethasone.