The effects of high frequency jet ventilation(HFJV) on brain resuscitation had been investigated in 28 cats in which simple brain functional failure was produced by occlusion of both carotid and both vertebral arteries. The results suggested that HFJV could improve endurance of cats when subjected to brain ischemia, raise the survival rate of cats with reversible brain functional failure, and prolong the survival time of cats with permernent brain functional failure. The mechanisms of how HFJ would exert beneficial effect on brain resuscitation was discussed.

Objective To discuss the application of surface anatomy scanning in the department of cerebral surgery. Methods 24 cases were examined by surface anatomy scanning.These included 5 normal cases,10 gliomas,4 metastasis tumors,3 meningiomas,1 cavernous hemangioma and 1 cerebral infarction.Results 5 normal cases with surface anatomy scanning showed excellent visualization of the sulci and gyri on the surface of the brain.In 19 cases with cortical or subcortical lesions,14 cases showed the relationship between the lesion and the brain surface structures well.5 cases could not displayed because of server edema around the lesion.Conclusion The brain surface anatomy scanning is useful for the localization of cortical and subcortical pathology,for the diagnosis of the disease of sulci and gyri,can partly replace the navigation.

Objective To explore the effect s of nimodipine therapy and prognosis in patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.Methods 138 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group(70 cases)received early nimodipine therapy and the control group(68 cases)was supported with common method.At the same time,the complications with cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus during treatment were observed and the prognosis were judged.All data were statistily analyse.Results The incidence rate of cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus in nimodipine treatment group was lower obviously than control group.And prognosis in treatment gruoup were better than those of control group.Conclusions It is useful that the cases of cerebral injury with traumatic subarachoid hemorrhage receive the treatment of nimodipine.The early nimodipine therapy can be beneficial to depress the occurrence of cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus and improve the prognosis.

The cerebral ischemia was produced by Pulsinellis method in Sparaque-Dawley rats. The brain edema and survival rate of rats with bilateral carotid and vertebral arteries occlusion for 60 min were observed in ip tetradrine at doses of 1 ~ 4 mg/kg groups and control rats.Superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in brain tissue were also measured by pyrogallol method and fluorescence spec-trometry. The results suggested that tetradrine have protective effect on cerebral ischemia, which was related to the inhibition of lipoxide and scavenging of oxygen free radical.

By different numbers of arteries occlusion among bilateral carotid (bCA) and bilateral vertebral arteries (bVA) of cats, effects of cerebral ischemia on the electrocardiogram, (ECG) was studied After bCA plus unilateral vertebral artery (uVA) and bCA+ bVA occlusion the duration of Q-T was prolonged from its control value of 0.21?0.04s to 0.23?0.08s and 0.25?0.1ls, and heart rate was also reduced from its contrl value of 179?33 beat/min to 173?27 beat/min and 151?39 beat/min (P

Objective To explore the expression of naturally occurring plasma anti-? amyloid (A?) antibody in children and youngsters .Methods According to each 10 years, 28 healthy cases aged from 1~30 years old were diviedd to 3 groups.In the 3 groups,the plasma anti-A? antibody was detacted by immunostained with paraffin sections from Tg2576 mice brain to make a specific tissue amyloid plaque immunoreactivity (TAPIR) and immunoprecipitation analysis. Results The total occurrence rate of anti-A? antibody was 27.8%. There was no significant difference of TAPIR positive rate in each age group. They had the similar immunospecialties to middle-aged and elderly healthy controls. Conclusion Plasma anti-A? antibody can be occured before amyloid deposits and senile plaques in brain.

Objective To explore a new surgical method for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and its efficacy.Methods A total of 12 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the fundus node at a super early stage(≤6 h)were enrolled in this study.Microsurgery trough the lateral fissure and insula via pterional keyhole approach was employed to treat the patients.Results All but one of the patients survived after the operation.One patient received a second operation because of hemorrhage for twice,one patient developed intracerebral infection.The survivors were followed up for 3 to 6 months.According to GOS scoring system,7 of them achieved excellent outcomes,3 were good,and 1 was moderate.Conclusion Microsurgery trough the lateral fissure and insula via pterional keyhole approach is effective for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the anatomy of the skull base for minimally invasive keyhole approach to sellar lesions.MethodsSixty-seven samples of adult skull bone(134 sides) were collected and sawed at the levels of the supraorbital arch and anterior skull base.After inspecting the opening of the frontal sinus,we observed the appearance of the orbit roof(cerebral juga),and measured the maximum height of the two cerebral jugas.Afterwards,the operation distances and angles with regard to the anterior and posterior clinoid processes through the trans-upper orbit,trans-lateral front,trans-pterion,and trans-sub-temple keyhole approaches in 15 skull bone samples were measured.And then,we statistically analyzed the variance in these measurements among the four operative approaches.ResultsOf the 67(134 sides) adult skull bone samples,52 sides showed frontal sinus openness(38.8%,52/134).Most of the skull bases were clawed(multicuspidity or oblique ridge multicuspidity).The maximum height of the cerebral juga that was less than 2.50 mm was found in 36 sides(26.9%),and over 2.51 mm in 98 sides(73.1%).Among the four methods,the shortest distances between the keyhole and the anterior and posterior clinoid processes were found in the trans-sub-temple keyhole approach [(4.87?0.47) cm and(4.93?0.45) cm],and the longest were observed in the trans-lateral front keyhole approach[(6.45?0.30) cm and(7.83?0.54) cm],and trans-upper orbit keyhole approach[(6.47?0.28) cm and(8.31?0.34) cm].The angle between the sagittal section and the keyhole in the trans-lateral front keyhole approach [(40.83?1.11) ? and(37.86?1.37)?] was larger than that in the trans-upper orbit one [(10.23?0.90) ? and(12.29?0.86)?],while the angle between the cross section and the keyhole in the trans-sub-temple keyhole approach [(21.21?0.45) ? and(20.10?0.63)?] was larger than that in the trans-pterion one [(5.49?0.30)? and(9.84?0.58)?].ConclusionsThe size of the frontal sinus,shape and height of the cerebral juga,depth of the skull base operation,and angle between the operational and the skull base planes play important roles in the selection of minimally invasive keyhole approach for sellar lesions.

There is significant evidence to show that many neurosurgical patients with hyponatremia, who were previously diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion(SIADH), actually have cerebral salt wasting syndrome(CSWS). The critical difference between SIADH and CSWS is that CSWS involves renal salt loss leading to hyponatremia and volume loss, whereas SIADH is a euvolemic or hypervolemic condition. The primary treatment for CSWS is water and salt replacement. The mechanisms underlying CSWS are not understood but may involve ANP or other natriuretic factors and direct neural influence on renal function.

Objective To explore the effects of cognitive rehabilitation on aphasia for the patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods 40 patients with traumatic brain injury following aphasia were randomly divided into simple language group (n=20) and language- cognition group (n=20). Both groups received conventional therapy and language therapy, and the language-cognition group received cognitive rehabilitation additionally, 30 minutes 1 day for 1 month. Results The index of Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Aphasia Examination (CRRCAE) improved significantly after treatment in both groups (P<0.01). There were significant differences in all the indexes of CRRCAE (P<0.05) between 2 groups after treatment except dictation (P>0.05). Auditory comprehension correlated with orientation, visual perception, spatial perception, motor praxis, visuomotor organization and thinking operations. Conclusion Cognitive rehabilitation can improve the language function of traumatic brain injury patients with aphasia.