Objective To investigate clinical biologic characteristics and factors that impact prognosis of patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma(FTC).Method Clinical data of 105 FTC patients treated surgically in the Department of Head& Neck,Tianjin Cancer Hospital from 1970 to 1990 was analyzed retrospectively.Results The overall 5-year,10-year and 15-year survival rates of these patients were 85.3％,76.7％ and 72.9％ respectively.The overall 15-year survival rates of patients ≥45 years and those ＜ 45 years were 45.9％,89.8％ respectively.The overall 15-year survival rates of patients with unilateral and bilateral carcinoma was 50.0％,76.2％ respectively.The overall 15-year survival rates of patients with neck lymph node metastasis and without were 54.2％,79.2％ respectively.The overall 15-year survival rates of patients at stage Ⅰ,stage Ⅱ,stageⅢ and stageⅣ were 89.3％,70.0％,45.5％ and 35.3％respectively.During the follow-up period,11 patients were diagnosed with distant metastasis from 1 year to 33 years after surgical treatment and 9 died of cancer within 5 years after diagnosis.Seventeen patients had local recurrence from 3 months to 34 years after surgery and 10 of these patients died of local recurrence.Conclusions The factors influencing prognosis of patients with FTC were age,clinical stage,bilateral carcinoma and neck lymph node metastasis,therefore early treatment and close following-up are essential to improve the prognosis of patients with FTC.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of fetal tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the screening of chromosomal abnormalities at the first-trimester. Methods Screening for chromosomal abnormalities was carried out in 1 262 fetuses at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks. Ultrosound was performed to measure crown rump length and nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, and to acquire tricuspid waveform. All the neonates were followed up for 6 months after birth. Results Among the 1 262 fetuses, 68 were found to have TR. TR was present in 54 (4.4%) of the 1 239 chromosomally normal fetuses, and in 14 (61%) of the 23 with chromosomal abnormalities. Cardiac malformations were detectable in 28 fetuses. The prevalence of TR was 64%in those with cardiac malformations and 1.5%in those without cardiac malformations. Conclusions Tricuspid regurgitation is an effective predictor for the detection of fetal chromosomal abnormalities at the first trimester.

Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder manifested by dysphagia and chest pain that impair patients’ quality of life, and it also leads to chronic esophageal inflammation by food retention and increases the risk of esophageal cancer. Although achalasia has long been reported, the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of achalasia are not fully understood. The current clinical dilemma of achalasia is mainly due to its unclear pathogenesis. In this paper, epidemiology, diagnosis treatment, as well as possible pathogenesis of achalasia will be reviewed and summarized. The proposed hypothesis on the pathogenesis of achalasia is that genetically susceptible populations potentially have a higher risk of infection with viruses, triggering autoimmune and inflammation responses to inhibitory neurons in lower esophageal sphincter.

OBJECTIVETo understood the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) and related factors.

METHODSSurvey was conducted among MSM selected through non-probability sampling to evaluate the quality of their rapid HIV self-testing, and related information was analyzed.

RESULTSThe most MSM were aged 21-30 years (57.0%). Among them, 45.7% had educational level of college or above, 78.5% were unmarried, 59.3% were casual laborers. The overall accuracy rate of oral fluid based self-testing was 95.0%, the handling of"inserting test paper into tube as indicated by arrow on it"had the highest accuracy rate (98.0%), and the handling of"gently upsetting tube for 3 times"had lowest accuracy rate (65.0%); Chi-square analysis showed that educational level, no touch with middle part of test paper, whether reading the instruction carefully, whether understanding the instruction and inserting test paper into tube as indicated by the arrow on it were associated with the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing, (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that educational level, no touch with middle part of test paper and understanding instructions were associated with the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing.

CONCLUSIONSThe accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing was high among MSM, the accuracy varied with the educational level of the MSM. Touch with the middle part of test paper or not and understanding the instructions or not might influence the accuracy of the self-testing.

Adult ; Demography ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Saliva ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the characteristics of risky behaviors among different age groups of HIV positive female sex workers, and to explore the strengthening of their management.

METHODSFrom January to June 2014, 22 814 female sex workers were investigated and tested HIV in 117 sentinel surveillance sites in Yunnan Province, and 181 were confirmed to be HIV antibody positive, who accepted questionnaire surveys. According to the age, the participants were divided into the < 35 years old age group and ≥ 35 years old age group. The demographic characteristics, knowledge about HIV/AIDS and related risk behaviors characteristics of the two groups were obtained via questionnaire surveys among 181 HIV positive female sex workers, and in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted from among 12 HIV positive sex workers.

RESULTSHIV antibody positive rate was 0.8% (181), the age of the 181 subjects were (35.83 ± 9.17) years old, 76 cases (42.0%) were < 35 years old, and 105 cases (58.0%) were ≥ 35 years old. The differences of marital status, workplace class, the last work site among two groups were statistically significant (χ(2) = 20.80, 28.32, 7.83; P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.020, respectively). Among 181 HIV, the proportion of AIDS awareness was 95.6% (173); the proportion of drug use among ≥ 35 years old age group was 51.4% (54), which was higher than that in < 35 years old age group (34.2%, 26/76) (χ(2) = 5.30, P = 0.021). 96.7% (175) received condom promotion or HIV counseling and testing in the past year. The proportion of continuing to engage in sexual services over 5 years after HIV infection was 48.5% (51/105) and the proportion of receiving antiretroviral treatment was 69.5% (73/105) in ≥ 35 years old age group, which were higher than those in the < 35 age group (30.2% (23/76), 52.6% (40/76); χ(2) = 12.26, 5.36; P = 0.002, 0.021, respectively). In-depth interviews among 12 HIV positive female sex workers found that regular clients, not consistent use of condoms were the main cause of no condom use. Economic and livelihood factors are important reasons for continuing to engage in sexual services among HIV positive sex workers.

CONCLUSIONHIV positive sex workers still have high risk behaviors including continuing to engage in commercial sexual service and no condom use after knowing their HIV infection status, and the proportion of using drugs in the ≥ 35 years old group was higher than that in < 35 years old group.

Adult ; China ; Condoms ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Safe Sex ; Sex Workers ; statistics & numerical data ; Sexual Behavior ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires