OBJECTIVE: To prepare fumeisong cream and establish its quality control method. METHODS: Ingredients including carbamide, triamcinolone acetonide acetate, camphor, and laurocapram were mixed in an oil-in-water matrix for preparation of fumeisong cream. HPLC was adopted to determine the content of triamcinolone acetonide in the cream. RESULTS: The prepared cream was white in color, with test items all in line with specifications stipulated in 2005 version of China Pharmacopoeia. The linearity concentration range of triamcinolone acetonide was 2.06～20.6 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 6) and the average recovery rate was 99.6% (RSD=1.0%,n=9). CONCLUSION: The cream is simple and feasible in preparation techniques, and its quality is stable and controllable.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination chemotherapy with bleomycin,etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) regimen on the patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).Methods Forty-two patients with high-risk GTN admitted in Sichuan Cancer Hospital between Jan.1997 and Oct.2011 were analyzed retrospectively.The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) prognostic score of all patients was more than 7.The mean age of patients was 30.2years (range 20 -49 years).All patients were treated with more than two cycles BEP regimen and followed up to the patients' death or at the end of Feb.2012.The clinical response,toxicity and the occurrence of secondary tumors were investigated.Results Forty-two high-risk GTN patients received the total of 251courses of the BEP regimen,the average number of courses for each patient was 6.0 courses.Thirty-seven patients achieved complete remission and 5 patients showed drug-resistant.The total complete remission rate of BEP regimen was 88％ ( 37/42 ).Among the complete remission patients,the total courses of BEP regimen of cases getting normal serum β-hCG level was 129 courses ( average 3.5 courses),and the total courses of cases achieving complete remission was 227 courses (average 6.1 courses ).Among the 37 complete remission patients,31 cases were treated with BEP regimen chemotherapy alone,4 patients with BEP regimen chemotherapy combined with surgical treatment (1 case had no cancer after surgery) and 2 cases with BEP regimen chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy.Therefore,the complete remission rate of BEP regimen chemotherapy alone was 74％ (31/42 ).There were 5 patients who showed drug-resistance after 24 courses of BEP regimen chemotherapy (average 4.8 courses),then received etoposide,methotrexate and dactinomycin( EMA )/cyclophosphamide and vincristine sulfate ( CO ) regimen chemotherapy after drugresistance,2 cases combined with radiation therapy,1 case combined with surgical treatment.Ultimately,4cases achieved complete remission,1 case died of cancer.The major toxicities of BEP regimen were included bone marrow suppression,digestive tract side effect and alopecic,followed by mild peripheral neuritis and abnormal liver function,rare cases of mild pulmonary toxicity.There were no severe anaphylaxis and obvious impairment of cardiac,liver,pulmonary and kidney function,except 1 patient (49 years old) had grade Ⅳbone marrow suppression and pulmonary fibrosis worsened after chemotherapy.The bone marrow suppression was mainly Ⅰ - Ⅲ degree neutropenia,and Incidence rate was 66.5％ ( 167/251 ).All the survival patients without secondary tumor.Conclusion For young high-risk GTN patients,BEP regimen chemotherapy may be safe and effective.

BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of spondylolysis of lumbar vertebral arch in recruits is higher during the training, and it affects the normal training. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation of the incidence rate of spondy lolysis of lumbar vertebral arch with training and the original lesions at waist in recruits. DESIGN: A randomized sampling survey. SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, the 97 Hospital of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 male recruits aged 18.7 years averagely en rolled in 2003 were involved in the survey. METHODS: The 100 recruits were followed up for the whole course, the X-ray examination at lumbar vertebrae of right, lateral and two-slope positions were observed before training and after 100-day reinforced training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence rates of spondylolysis of vertebral arch, and whether there was slippage and other aggravations in those with spondylolysis before were mainly observed. RESULTS: All the 100 recruits entered the analysis of results. ① The in cidence rate of spondylolysis of vertebral arch before and after training: Be fore training, 5 cases had spondylolysis of L5 vertebral arch, and the incidence rate was 5%. At the end of the 100-day training, 8 cases had spondylolysis of lumbar vertebral arch, and the incidence rate increased to 8%. ② The results of X-ray examination before and after training: The Xray examination showed that isthmus narrowing of left and L5 vertebral arch occurred in 2 cases and 1 case respect ively, and spondylolysis of bilateral L5 vertebral arches occurred in 5 cases, including 1 case of degree I slip page before training. At the end of the 100-day training, the degree I slip page and below occurred in 3 of the 5 cases with spondylolysis of bilateral L5 vertebral arches before, another 3 cases with original narrowing of lumbar vertebral arch all had breakage. CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of spondylolysis of vertebral arch is associated with the training intensity. It suggestes that the examination of spinal cord should be reinforced in enrolled recruits, and the items of Xray examination at lumbar vertebrae of right, lateral and two-slope positions should be added.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a devastating vasculitis of the aorta and its major branches,coronary and pulmonary arteries.The clinical manifestations in children are less specific than in adnlts:the disease in children presents with fever,arthralgias,vomiting,weight loss and hypertension.Conventional angiography,which is recognized as the golden standard in evaluating vascular lesions in TA,combined with computer tomography angiography (CTA),magnetic resonance angiography (MRA),ultrasonography,could not only provide important information for early diagnosis,but also detect disease activity.New immunosuppressive agents and biological therapies,such as TNF-a blocking agents,have been verified to be effective although corticosteroids and conventional immunosuppressive agents are still basic treatment.

Breast cancer is caused by somatic mutation. As such, somatic mutation in breast cancer should be described to eluci-date the underlying mechanism. Next-generation sequencing has provided new insights into the genomics of breast cancer. New genes were identified and exhibited a relationship with breast cancer. Although these genes mutated at a low frequency, such genes in different cases could be categorized into specific pathways. Mutational signatures could be found in some cases, but such signatures were gener-ally not related to environmental exposure. Studies on intra-tumoral heterogeneity have revealed the ubiquitous presence of sub-clones in breast cancer;however, a major clone is also observed, accounting for>50%of tumor cells. Current advancements show that breast cancer genomics has been integrated into personalized medicine. Furthermore, a genome-informed and personalized molecular sub-typ-ing and treatment of breast cancer can be developed in the future.

Efforts have been directed at the development of efficient protocols for the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic β-cells.This review focuses on the mechanism of RA,BMP,FGFs,IDE1,IDE2,ALK-i 1 and ALKI-2 during the process in which pluripotent stem cells differentiate to pancreatie β-cells and the relationship between the differentiation and the expression of the surface markers including CD14,CD49e,CD238,CD24,EpCAM,SSEA3 and SSEA1 in the different stage of this process.

Objective To observe the matching between the straight short femoral cephalomedullary nail (PFNA-Ⅱ) and the femoral anterior bow in Chinese patients with intertrochanteric fracture. Methods A retrospective study was performed to analyze the postoperative lateral X-rays of 158 patients with intertrochanteric fracture who had been treated by PFNA- Ⅱ between August 2009 and December 2010.They were 35 men and 123 women,with a mean age of 77.2 years.The relationships between the distal tip of the medullary nail and the anterior cortex of the femur were observed according to a self-designed 6-grade scale (grade 0:central location of the nail tip in the medullary canal; grade 1:deviated location without contact with the cortex; grade 2:contact＜ 1/3 cortex thickness; grade 3:contact ＞ 1/3, ＜ 2/3 cortex thickness; grade 4:contact ＞ 2/3 cortex thickness; grade 5:perforation; posterior deviations in grades 1 to 5 presented as minus).The theoretical distance was measured as if the anterior protrusive nail tip had been placed back to the central axis.The degree of the curvature and its corresponding radius were calculated by the geometric method. Results Of the 158 patients,the distal tip of PFNA- Ⅱ was located centrally along the axis of femur canal in 30 cases(19.0％ ),posteriorly to the central axis in 10 cases(6.3％ ),and anteriorly to the central axis in 118 cases (grades 1 to 3; 74.7％ ),of which 55 cases experienced irritation caused by the contact between the distal tip and the anterior cortex (grades 2 to 3％ ).The mean theoretical distance needed to put back the nail tip to the canal central axis was 1.42 ± 0.18 mm in the 17 cm nails,1.77 ± 0.39 mm in the 20 cm nails,and 2.46 ±0.20 mm in the 24 cm nails.Their corresponding curvature arcs were 2.51° ±2.40°,2.13° ± 1.65° and 2.09° ± 0.98°,and their curvature radii were 1483 ± 818 mm,2329 ± 1293 mm,and3710 ± 1957 mm,respectively. Conclusions There is a significant mismatch between the current short straight celphalomedullary nail (PFNA- Ⅱ) and the femoral anterior how in Chinese population.A curvature design is needed for the short cephaiomedullary nails to match the femoral anterior how of Chinese population.

Objective:To study cardiomyocyte apoptosis of viral myocarditis (VMC) mice,study the effect and significance of Tumor Necrosis Factor-? (TNF-?) to cardiomyocyte apoptosis in VMC.Methods:Our experiments studied cardiomyocyte apoptosis at 3、5、7、9、15、35 days after virus inoculation in VMC mice by ways of TUNEL and electron microscope.We studied the effect of TNF-? to cardiomyocyte apoptosis in VMC by the way of intervention with TNF-? and TNF-? mAb.Results:Apoptotic cardiomyocyte of VMC mice increased appaently compared with control mice.Cardiomyocyte apoptosis increased after TNF-? intervention,cardiomyocyte apoptosis reduced after TNF-? mAb intervention.Conclusion:Abnormal cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed in VMC,cardiomyocyte apoptosis may has relation with the Pathogenesis of VMC.TNF-? can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis in VMC.TNF-? induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis may has relation with its role in VMC.

Objective To investigate the effect of L-type and T-type calcium channel blocker on detrusor autorhythmicity, contractility in order to elucidate the pathogenesis of detrusor instability (DI). Methods Animal models of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) were established in 33 female SD rats and another 10 served as normal control. Six weeks later, the changes of detrusor autorhythmicity and contractility were examined by means of cystometry and the in vitro detrusor strip study. Results The incidence rate of DI was 75.9%. The detrusor autorhythmicity and contractility increased evidently after BOO (P

According to traditional theory tumor growth arised from the proliferation of all tumor cells, therefore management mainly aimed at the majority of the cells within cancer tissue. As a result, relapse and metastasis developed often, which caused treatment failure. It was stem cell that makes it possible to treat cancer radically and prevent it from relapsing and metastasizing by specifically killing targeted cancer stem cells and even some old concepts such as tumorigenesis mechanism, cell signaling pathways etc may need to be reevaluated, that raised great challenge to traditional oncotherapy. In this text the origin and existing evidence of cancer stem cell, it's relationship to common stem cell, clinical significance and prospect were reviewed.