The readers were divided into non-medical staff, scientific research medical staff, professional medical staff, practicing medical staff, patients and their family members using the user subdivision theory according to the subjects of service, characteristics of service, subject characteristics and information inquiry methods of readers. The service methods were innovated according to the characteristics of different readers and different measures were taken for meeting the demands of different readers,improving the satisfactory degree of readers and the service of library.

Objective To establish the determination of Dehydroandrographolide in Ganmaoqing Capsule. MethodsThe determination was carried out by HPLC with a KromasilC-18 column(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm),methanol-water(65:35)severed as the mobile phase,the speed was 1mL/min and the detection wavelength was at 254 nm. ResultsDehydroandrographolide showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.04872 μg ～0.38976 μg(r2 =0.9995,n= 8);The average recovery of Dehydroandrographolide was 100.1%(RSD= 2.92%). ConclusionHPLC method was sensitive,accurate,reproducible,specific and could be used for quality control of Ganmaoqing Capsule efficiently.

Acute lung injury is the result of organism autodestruction due to the mediators of inflammation overexpress. Recent studies suggest that GM-CSF correlate with alveolar macrophage function, lung host defense reaction and pulmonary surfactant homeostasis. GM-CSF influences regulation and signal transduction pathway of inflammation and apoptosis. These research progresses was been reviewed.

With the rapidly development of the biotechnology industry,large quantities of recombinant proteins are needed for specific therapeutic and diagnostic applications.Bacterial cells are most often used for the production of recombinant proteins.However,recombinant proteins expressed in the cytoplasm of bacteria are often misfolded as insoluble inclusion bodies and therefore inactive.To circumvent this problem,several eukaryotic expression systems have also been developed over the years,ranging from yeast to mammalian cell-based technologies.For many mammalian proteins,especially those secreted and modified posttranslationally,a more compatible expression system is highly desirable because proper folding or modification can only be provided with closely related cells,i.e.,mammalian cells.Large scale transient transfection of mammalian cells is a recent and powerful technology for the fast production of milligram amounts of recombinant proteins.Transient expression by means of extrachromosomal replication in COS cells is frequently used to check the functional integrity of genes/plasmids and to produce small quantities of cell supernatants containing the protein of interest.As it is allowed for easy and efficient purification,many recombinant proteins used for therapeutic and structural studies are naturally secreted or engineered to be secreted.The use of a proper signal peptide is one of the major determinants for the efficient secretion of heterologous proteins from mammalian cells.The noncatalytic C-terminal hemopexin-like domain of MMP-2,PEX,can block angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo.Large quantities of biochemically active recombinant PEX are required for the study of their functions and biochemical properties,as well as for their industrial applications.For this purpose,the rat growth hormone,mouse IgG? chain and MMP-9 signal peptides were used for expression of PEX in COS7 cells,and their secretion efficiencies were compared by Western blotting and ELISA.Western-blotting of PEX protein from culture media,resulted in detection of proteins with the predicted molecular mass,which indicate that all of the signal sequences could direct PEX secretion successfully.The MMP-9 signal peptide seems to be superior to the signal peptides from IgG and rGH both in terms of extracellular yield and in terms of secretion efficiency.Thus,expression of pM9PEX construct resulted in higher yields of extracellular PEX and the majority of the produced PEX was secreted and not trapped intracellularly.To examine whether the observed difference in secretion yields is promoted at the transcriptional level,a RT-PCR analysis was performed at 6 h after transfection.The presence of mRNA transcripts of PEX was observed in all the DNA constructs.Moreover,semiquantitative reverse transcription(RT-PCR)results show that there were no significant differences in the expression levels of PEX among the constructs at 6 h after transfection.Though there was no difference in the expression levels of PEX at an early time point after transfection,the presence of an ER-targeting signal peptide sequence in the expression vector affected the trafficking of expressed proteins in the cells.Hence,the described difference in exported yields is probably promoted at the secretion level,rather than at the transcriptional level.Chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)bioassay show that the PEX protein purified from cell culture had biological activity to inhibit the angiogenesis.The MMP-9's signal peptide is used for the first time as leader sequence for secretion of foreign proteins.The results revealed that higher amounts of secreted PEX were obtained when vectors containing MMP-9 signal peptide were used and it is also indicated that MMP-9 signal sequence could be effective on promoting the secretion of other heterologous proteins in eukaryotic cells.

Objective: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid(GA),methyl gal- late(MG)and ellagic acid(EA)in the residue of a gingival consolidation liquid(a mouth rinse preparation),and inves- tigate the effect of different residue-drying methods on the GA,MG and EA content in the residues. Methods: High per- formance liquid chromatography(HPLC)switching walvelength method was used to determine the GA,MG and EA con- tents. The column was Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was methanol(A)-0.05% phosphoric acid aqueous solution(B)in a gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 272 nm for GA/MG and 255 nm for EA. The flow rate was 1 ml/min,and the injection volume was 3 μl. Meanwhile,the residues were dried with the methods of sun drying,blast drying,vacuum drying and microwave vacuum drying,respectively and the GA,MG and EA contents in the residues were determined by the established HPLC method. Results: The linear ranges for GA,MG and EA were 1.280-4.608(r=0.9998),0.560-2.016(r=0.9998),0.1145-0.4122 μg(r=0.9997),respectively. The aver- age recoveries for GA,MG and EA were 99.97%,99.93% and 100.20%,with the RSD of 0.34%,2.30% and 0.93%,re- spectively. The contents of GA,MG and EA varied in quite a large range in the residues dried by different methods. Con- clusion: The established method is fast,simple and practicable,which could be used for the determination of GA,MG and EA in the residue of a gingival consolidation liquid. The drying methods could significantly affect the contents of GA, MG and EA in the residues,and the related results provide a reference for future studies.

Objective To investigate the drug in vitro release behavior of gastric floating sustained-release preparation of Tripterygium wilfordii and establish their quality evaluating methods.Methods HPLC was Employed to gain the fingerprints of releasing medium of preparations.Triptolide was selected as marker to calculate the linear equation concerning peak area then the relative drug release and f2 simila-rity factor value were acquired.Results Various components in gastric floating sustained-release tablets and pellets of T.wilfordii could not release synchronously while sustained-releasing but all of them in the gastric floating sustained-release capsules of T.wilfordii prepared by using multiparticulate site-controlled release technology could release synchronously while sustained-releasing.Conclusion The quality and in vitro release behavior of gastric floating sustained-release preparation of T.wilfordii could be evaluated more scientifically and comprehensively by using HPLC fingerprints method.

Objective To investigate the immunomodulatory effect of black rice anthocyanin(BA) on biochemical indicators in blood and macrophages in rats.Method Twenty four female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,BA low,middle and high-dose groups(BAL 25;BAM 50;BAH 100 mg/kg bw).The control group was treated with normal saline,while BA groups were i.g.administered with defferent doses for 30 d.The blood biochemical indicators were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer.The activities of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),acid phosphatase(ACP),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and maleic dialdehyde(MDA) contents in peritoneal macrophage(PM) and alveolar macrophage(AM) were determined by biochemical methods.The ability of macrophages to phagocytose neutral red was measured by colorimetric method.Results The levels of urea nitrogen(UN),uric acid(UA),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) in blood were reduced.The activities of ACP,LDH in PM were increased.and the activities of SOD in PM and AM were increased whereas MDA was reduced.The ability of PM and AM to phagocytose neutral red was strengthened significantly.Conclusion BA shows significant immunomodulatory effection blood biochemical indicators and macrophages in rats.

Objective Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)can induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cell and the mechanism is not clear. We aimed to study the mechanism of selective COX 2 inhibitor Nimesulide induced apoptosis of human gastric cancer line SGC 7901 by detecting the expressions of COX 2 at mRNA level, c myc, Bcl 2 and caspase 3 at protein level. Methods Apoptosis was determined by electronic microscopy, Annexin V FITC staining and flow cytometry. The mRNA of COX 2 was detected by RT PCR. The protein expressions of c myc, Bcl 2 and caspase 3 were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Nimesulide of 50 ?mol/L at 48 and 72 h, and of 100 ?mol/L and 200 ?mol/L at 24, 48 and 72 h induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in a dose and time dependent manner.Their apoptotic rates were 7.51%, 9.86% and 11.58%, 12.45%, 16.66% and 12.21%, 15.38%, 20.28% respectively. It increased c myc and caspase 3 expression and decreased Bcl 2 expression and COX 2 mRNA expression. The positive protein expression rates of Bcl 2, c myc and capase 3 were (20.2?7.6)%,(49.2?15.1)% and (34.6?12.9)% respectively with Nimesulide of 200 ?mol/L at 72 h,while the controls being (44.6?12.1)%, (24.7 ?9.5)% and (14.8?6.4)% the three comparative P

It is a brief introduction of necessity of uniform guidelines for pediatric emergency and critical care.Uniform guidelines are very important for development of discipline,safety of patients,protection of medical staff and administration.Uniform guidelines should be enacted according to our national condition with a scientific attitude of rigorous and gravity.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in males. Endocrine therapy is currently the main treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer. Although this therapy frequently results in tumor shrinkage, it is not curative, and the majority of patients eventually develop hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Recent studies suggested that prostate cancer stem cells serve a key function in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of prostate cancer. Therefore, targeted therapy of prostate cancer stem cells may be effective for the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer stem cell markers must be identified to facilitate studies on prostate cancer radical treatment schemes, especially the specific markers of this disease. Previous research on prostate cancer stem cell markers mainly focus on CD44 and CD133. Along with in-depth studies, a substantial number of new markers have been found with research development. This review summarizes the widely studied and recently discovered markers found in the field of prostate cancer stem cells.