A prospectively study were conducted in 77 cases of delayed intracranial hematomas after head injury (male 59 cases, female 18 cases, aged from 17-60) in the Neurosurgery Department of Cho Ray Hospital from October 2001 to August 2002. The mainly reason of admission was traffic accident. Methods of surgery were wide decompressive craniotomy and removal of hematoma without bone flap. The results: good outcomes: 62 cases, moderate outcomes: 9 cases, death: 6 cases, reoperation: 3 cases. The development of intracerebral hematomas after head injury is very complex. It can occur immediately after injury or delay although initial CT scan is normal or shows slight contusion. Therefore, the doctors must examine closely head injuries to find out delayed intracerebral hematomas for prompt operation to lessen later sequellas and mortality
diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Craniocerebral Trauma

A study on 13 deaths after operation for removal of the intracerebral blood clot has shown that the complex damage influenced almost cerebral structure due to severe trauma on the solve the intracranial pressure.It should combine many solutions (intensive care, CT scanner after operation) to limit the influence and development of the rest traumas.
Intracranial Pressure ; Blood Coagulation

The authors present data from 150 cases of traumatic dorsolumbar spinal injuries operated on by Roy- Camille method. There was prevalence of male patients: 80%. The majority of patients belongs to the labour age group: from 20 to 50 years of age: 87.3%. The youngest was 16, the oldest: 71. The most frequent causes are labour accidents: 71.3%, fall having the highest percentage: 48.6%. The machanism of injury is compression with decreased vertebral body in height: 52%. There were extraspinal lesion in 13.3% of cases. Pain at the lesion level was found in 13.3% of cases. Pain at the lesion level was found in 100%- 91.3% of the patients had disturbaces; 82.7% these was hyposensibility under the level of the lesion, in 76.7% there was complete. In 66% fracture of the spine was found and 52% had dislocation. most often surgery was done in emergency. 82% had laminectomy, 94.7% had three spinal bodies fixed. Mean hospitalization: 9.6 days. 20 patients recovered from neurological funtions during hospitalization.
Spinal Injuries ; surgery

Acute subdural hematoma in infants is rare. From 15/9 to 14/11/1997, 2 cases were found in the Neurosugery Department of Chî RÉy Hospital. Diagnosis was based on CT imaging. These patients were operated on emergency. Intensive care, with blood transfusion is crucial, should be performed concomitantly with operation. Preservation for skull is essential. Postoperation, intensive care, anti-epilepsy and respiratory infection treatments should be carried out.
Hematoma, Subdural ; infant

Intramedullary spinal cord schwannoma is rare tumors, occupies only 1 to 2 percents of all intramedullary tumors. The case of intramedullary schwannoma located in conus medullae, the very rare location for intramedullary schwannoma, is described. Clinical presentation includes flaccid paresis of lower extremities, disturbances of bowel and bladder, lost of superficial sensory and reducing of deep sensory, the "hanging area" of lost sensory was not noticed. The images showed the fusiform tumor within the conus medullae. The total removal was applied and the good motor recovery was more slowly and symptoms of disturbance of bladder and bowel were not improved at the time of two months after operation. Radical resection of intramedullary tumor is widespread inclination in the world. If the medulotomy is provided in right maneuver, it does not cause the significant damage of spinal cord as our thought and it can well result.
Neurilemmoma ; Spinal Cord

The authors presented the data from 73 cases of spinal cord surgery at Cho Ray hospital from 6/1994 to 6/1996. The incidence of different tomours was equivalent in male and female patients. The most frequent cases were Schwannoma (47.9%); the highest number of tumours was at the dorsal level (58.9%); the most frequent site was epidural (53.4%), higher than intradural and extramedullary (43.8%); the percentage of intramedullary tumours was very low (1/73 cases).
Spinal Cord ; Surgery

Background: The combination medical between army and pepople in protection, healthcare for people and army in the whole country was a great policy of The Party and State. Objectives: Evaluate result of combination between armed forces in epidemic control and preventive medicine programs at mountainous and coastal areas of Thua Thien Hue in 2006. Studying knowledge, attitude, practice of army medical officers and men canvassed masses about epidemic control and preventive medicine programs. Subjects and method: Officers, men, army medical officers in 41 communes (28 coastal communes and 13 mountainous communes) of 5 district have combination medical between army and pepople. Using epidemiology method to description, analysis, cross-sectional study. Results: In 2006, home-flies spraying was carried out in 18 out of 20 markets; 1,030 all size restaurants and 18 residential areas of 5 districts. The number of chemically treated latrines in high epidemic areas was accounted fof 15,1%. A population-based latrine construction project was initiated to build 838 new latrines, contributing to minimize the invironmental pollution. 9,17% of waterwells and water tanks were hygienically treated; 11,434 people used clean water source; and 46,436 people washed their hands with soap. Studying knowledge, attitude, practice on preventive medicine programs of army medical officers showed very good results. Conclusion: The combination medical between army and pepople in preventive medicine, epidemic control gave wide efficiency for mountainous and coastal communes of Thua Thien Hue. It actively supported for Health station of 28 coastal communes and 13 mountainous communes in preventive medicine work.
Community Health Services/ ethics ; manpower ; Health Knowledge ; Attitudes ; Practice ;

Phosphatidylserine (PS) mimics the anti-inflammatory effect of apoptotic cells by binding to the PS receptor of macrophages. In this study, the effect of PS-modified polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles on macrophage polarization was investigated.PLGA nanoparticles (PLGAnPs) containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) and PS were prepared using the emulsificationsolvent-evaporation (ESE) technique and classified as follows: 1) PC 100% (PCnP); 2) PS:PC = 50:50 (PSPCnP); and 3) PS 100% (PSnP). PS-grafted PLGAnPs tended to inhibit LPS-induced morphological change into M1 macrophages and mRNA expression of the M1 markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, CD86, and iNOS). In particular, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p40 were significantly decreased in the PSPCnP group, as compared to those of the positive control and and PLGAnP groups (p<0.05). Therefore, the study results demonstrate the potential of PS-grafted PLGAnPs in attenuating inflammation and modulating the drug delivery system.

In this report we describe a new approach in HIV sentinel surveillance that was piloted in Viet Nam in 2009 and is currently being rolled out in all provinces. It comprises a brief behavioural questionnaire added to the HIV sentinel surveillance surveys conducted routinely among people who inject drugs, female sex workers and men who have sex with men. Timely reporting of data from this system has resulted in improvements to HIV prevention efforts for most at-risk populations.

Objectives.: There is no existing Vietnamese diabetes knowledge questionnaire. This impedes assessment of patient knowledge that will be helpful in providing effective diabetes intervention. We aimed to validate the Vietnamese Translated Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ). Methodology: Translation and adaptation strictly followed the guidelines of Beaton et al. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability was assessed by Fleiss’ Kappa coefficient, and validity value was determined among type 2 diabetes patients in a general hospital. Results: The Vietnamese version of the DKQ had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha for all items = 0.898) and stability (Kappa coefficient >0.600). The average score for all equivalence criteria was 1.00, demonstrating good equivalence to the original. The significant difference between knowledge score and education level (p <0.001) confirmed construct validity. Conclusion Our study provided a reliable Vietnamese version of the DKQ. Future studies may apply the version in different regions in Vietnam to determine external validity.
Southeast Asian People