Objective：To probe into the relation among the exerise behaviour, physical knowledge, attitute and self-efficacy， and to provide basis for helping to bring about students' lifelong physical exercises and formation of their health life manner,and NCD prevention. Method We randomly sample in cluster 1243 students(male 654 and female 589)studied in different specialities in six colleges or universities in Kunming, which filled in the question and answer paper about students'sports cognition and behaviour.Result The proportion of the male sports population is 51.22％ and that of the female is 41.77％. The scores of the self-efficacy, attitute and behaviour exist obvious sex difference. Scores of self- efficacy and behaviour of male students are 13.87 and 13.62,respectively,which are significantly higher than that of the femal are 12.35 and 12.17 (P＜0.01), respectively. The exercise attitude, self- efficacy and behaviour of the physical population group have an advantage over that of the case group(P＜0.01), meanwhile the difference among groups of students about sports knowledge and the sex difference are not viewed. The exercise behaviour and attitude,the exercise behaviour and self- efficacy of students are positively related to middle extent(r＝0.41 and 0.47, resp.),but the exercise behaviour and the knowledge dimension is related to little extent (r＝0.12). Conclusion There is a larger difference between students sports population and the aim of physical education in colleges or universities. The sports attitude and self-efficacy of students play an important role which have an effect on the exercise behaviour. The group of the female students is emphasis of intervention.