Objective To understand the current status of students' self-efficacy and sense of life meaning in medical college students, and explore the relationship between them, then give advice to improve the students' general self-efficacy and the sense of life meaning.Methods A random sampling method was used to select 386 undergraduates in a medical college from freshman to senior.The purpose in life test (PIL) revised by He Jiying (1994) and general self efficacy scale (GSES) revised by Wang Caikang (2001) were used in this research.Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software, and the data were analyzed by t test, x2 test, Spearman correlation analysis.Inspection level of alpha=0.01 (double side).Results The score of GSES was (2.62 ± 0.40), and the score of PIL was (74.06 ± 11.09);t test showed that the PIL score of students with higher GSES score was higher than the PIL score of students with lower GSES score (t=5.054, P=0.000);The correlation analysis showed that GSES score was positively correlated with PIL score (r=0.283, P=0.000).Conclusion The general self-efficacy and sense of life meaning of medical college students are in the medium level, and the positive correlation exists between the two.A series of measures should be adopted to strengthen the students' general efficacy, so as to improve their sense of life.

Purpose: To discuss the influences of blood vasculature of pulmonary carcinoma to the intervention methods and curative effect and its clinical significance. Materials and Methods.(1) The bronchical arterigrams in 60 cases of advanced stage pulmonary carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. (2) 35 cases were treated with BAI(bronchical arterial infusion) and BAE(bronchical arrterial emboliza- tion), 25 cases with BAI alone. Treatment persisted for 4 weeks. Results: 36 cases were hypervascular 20 cases with moderate vasculature and 4 cases belonged to hypovascular. The efficiency rate of BAI and BAE 76.7% and total efficieney rate is 95%. No severe complications have taken place. Conclusion: BAI and BAE are effective for pulmonary carcinomas of hypervasculas and moderate vascular types. They are safe, effective and simple methods.

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens and positive alarming time of blood culture,and provide basis for laboratory diagnosis and clinical treatment. Methods Blood specimens from clinical departments in a hospital in May-November 2015 were collected,positive alarming time of blood culture was recorded,species of pathogens were identified. Results A total of 157 pathogenic strains were isolated from blood culture specimens, gram-positive cocci,gram-negative bacilli,and fungi accounted for 31 .85% ,57.32% ,and 10.83% respectively. The median positive alarming time were as follows:Enterobacteriaceae 0.50 day,non-fermenting bacteria 0.63 day, Enterococcusspp. 0.60 day,Streptococcusspp. 0.80 day,Staphylococcusspp. 1.01 days,and fungi 1.44 days, respectively. Conclusion Positive alarming time of blood culture specimens from early to late are as follows:Enter-obacteriaceae,Enterococcus,non-fermentative bacteria,Streptococcus spp.,Staphylococcus spp.,and fungus. Positive alarming time of pathogens causing bloodstream infection are all within 4 days,and most of them are within 1 day.

A 46-year-old male patient developed scatterred reddish-brown plaques and nodules on the back 6 years prior to the presentation. Then, the lesions gradually spread to the axillary fossa and protothorax, and became indurated with slight itching in winter. Laboratory examination revealed hypergammaglobulinemia. Computed tomography(CT)scan showed multiple nodular or patchy shadows in both lungs, lymphadenectasis in axillary, mediastinal and inguinal regions, and spleen enlargement. Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed granulomatous infiltrates with plenty of lymphocytes, histiocytes and mature plasma cells in the middle and lower dermis with the presence of lymphoid follicle-like structures, but no cell atypia was observed. Immunohistochemical study showed positive staining for CD38, CD138, CD79a, κ and λ light chains. According to clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results, the patient was diagnosed with cutaneous and systemic plasmacytosis.

An 18-year-old female presented with painful erythema and nodules on both legs for more than 2 years.Dermatological examination showed irregularly sized,mildly indurated,tender,deep subcutaneous nodules arising in diffused infiltrated dark erythematous patches in the inner and posterior region of the left leg.Histopathology showed no significant changes in the epidermis.There were perivascular lymphoid cell infiltrates in the dermis and subcutis.Multiple sites of necrosis of blood vessel walls with vascular occlusions were noted.The lumens of some blood vessels were filled with lymphocytes,among which were many atypical cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and pathologic mitotic figures.Immunohistochemistry showed that lymphocytes in the cavities of blood vessels were positive for CD3(+++),CD3ε(+++),CD2(+),CD56(+++),granzyme B(+++),perforin(+++),CD30(+),Ki67 (+++,100％ ),but negative for CD20,CD5,CD7,CD4,CD8,TdT,anaplastic lymphoma kinase,early membrane antigen (EMA) or pan cytokeratin (pCK).The endothelial cells lining the blood vessels stained positively for CD34.The intravascular lymphocytes were also positive for EBER1/2 by in situ hybridization.A diagnosis of cutaneous intravascular NK/T cell lymphoma was made.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the quality-improving program on reducing the bloodstream infection of preterm infants in NICU.The program included emphasizing hand hygiene,strictly controlling the use of antibiotics and following the extubation indications of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Method From October 2016 to March 2017,preterm infants admitted to NICU after the implementation of quality improvement program were assigned into the intervention group,and the infants admitted from April 2016 to September 2016 without the program were in the control group.The x2 test and t test were used to analyse the effects of the program,the rate of bloodstream infection and related complications.Result A total of 432 cases were enrolled in this study.Among them,221 cases were in the intervention group and 211 cases the control group.The rate of hand hygiene in the intervention group was significantly higher and the duration of antibiotic use per 1 000 hospitalization days and the average days of retaining the PICC were significantly shorter than the control group (P ＜ 0.001).The incidence of bloodstream infection in the intervention group was lower than the control group (5.9％ vs.11.4％,P =0.047),and the duration of non-invasive ventilation,parenteral nutrition,average hospitalization days,and the incidence of stage 11 and above necrotizing enterocolitis were lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The evidence-based quality improvement program has positive effects on reducing the bloodstream infections and related complications of preterm infants in NICU.

OBJECTIVETo study the gene expression profile of liver of young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) treble genes mutant mice and disclose its relationship to hyperlipidemia and the following atherosclerotic lesion.

METHODSThe gene expression profile was investigated using cDNA microarray technique; the plasma total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) levels were analyzed by COD-PAP and GPO-PAP method. And morphological observations of the aorta were made.

RESULTSAmong the 4000 target genes, 92 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated in the treble genes mutants, compared with wild type control. Among the differentially expressed lipid metabolism related genes, cholesterol synthesis gene coding for farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase was down-regulated, while triglyceride metabolism gene e.g. pancreatic lipase related protein 1 gene (Pnliprp1) was up-regulated. Expression profile of carbohydrate, cell skeleton and immune related genes were also altered. On the other hand, in the plasma from the treble genes mutant mice at 5 weeks of age, hyperlipidemia was found to be combined with atheroslerotic lesion. All these biochemical and pathological changes were aggravated following aging.

CONCLUSIONThe data suggested that the multiple genes mutations, especially those involved in lipid metabolism, were contributing to the alteration of liver gene expression profile that might lead to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion in the young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) mutants.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Receptors, LDL ; genetics ; Receptors, Leptin ; genetics ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective:To preliminarily assess the clinical value of sirolimus combined with prednisone in the treatment of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) complicated by Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) .Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. General clinical data and relevant data on efficacy and adverse reactions were collected from 36 patients with KHE complicated by KMP, who received oral sirolimus combined with prednisone in Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2011 to January 2018.Results:Among the 36 patients with KHE complicated by KMP, the male-to-female ratio was 1∶0.8; their average age was 15.0 months (range, 4.0 - 60.0 months) , and the average age of onset was 6.3 months (range, 0.8 - 48.0 months) ; 32 (88.9%) patients were diagnosed with mixed KHE, and 4 (11.1%) with deep KHE; the tumor size ranged from 2.5 cm × 4.0 cm to 20.0 cm × 24.0 cm. During the combined treatment, the average duration of prednisone administration was 6.4 weeks (range, 5.0 - 9.0 weeks) , and that of sirolimus administration was 19.3 months (range, 13.0 - 27.0 months) . After 1-5 weeks of combined treatment, platelet counts and fibrinogen levels of the 36 patients gradually returned to normal. After short-term prednisone combined with long-term sirolimus treatment, the average disease severity score decreased from 4.0 before treatment to 2.4 at 6 months and 1.6 at 12 months. After 12 months of the combined treatment, tumors mostly regressed in 32 (88.9%) patients, partially regressed in 3 (8.3%) , showed no obvious change in 1 (2.8%) . During the treatment, common adverse reactions included gastrointestinal discomfort and oral ulcers, no patient discontinued the treatment due to severe adverse reactions, and no drug toxicity-related death occurred.Conclusion:Sirolimus combined with prednisone is effective and safe for the treatment of KHE complicated by KMP.

Objective to explore the use of performance management as a lever in public hospitals to achieve quality improvement,efficiency enhancement,and high-quality development under the dual influences of na-tional civil service examination and Diagnosis-Related Groups(DRGs)payment policy reform.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to summarize the current situation and problems of performance assessment in public hospitals in China.Based on the identified problems,an upgraded performance management system was proposed,and key indicators were selected through a case study in a specific hospital.Results An empirical study in a specific hospital demonstrated the positive effects of the upgraded performance management system on hospital management improvement.Conclusion Public hospitals should establish a long-term mechanism for performance management,focusing on organizational positioning,indicator design,management levers,and talent development,to continuously support high-quality development.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and pathogen distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among preterm infants admitted to level Ⅲ neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in China. Method: A prospective study was conducted in 25 level Ⅲ NICU, enrolling all preterm infants <34 weeks gestational age admitted to the participating NICU within the first 7 days of life from May 2015 to April 2016. Chi-square test, t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 7 918 patients were enrolled, within whom 4 623(58.4%) were males. The birth weight was (1 639±415) g and the gestational age was (31.4±2.0) weeks; 4 654(58.8%) infants required non-invasive mechanical ventilation and 2 154(27.2%) required intubation. Of all the mechanically ventilated patients, VAP occurred in 95 patients. The overall VAP rate was 7.0 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days, varying from 0 to 34.4 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days in different centers. The incidence of VAP was 9.6 and 6.0 per 1 000 ventilator days in children′s hospitals and maternity-infant hospitals respectively, without significant differences (t=1.002, P=0.327). Gram-negative bacilli (76 strains, 91.6%) were the primary VAP microorganisms, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii (24 strains, 28.9%), Klebsiella pneumonia (23 strains, 27.7%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 strains, 12.0%). Conclusion The incidence of VAP in China is similar to that in developed counties, with substantial variability in different NICU settings. More efforts are needed to monitor and evaluate the preventable factors associated with VAP and conduct interventions that could effectively reduce the occurrence of VAP.