Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is a member of the apolipoprotein A family, which was discovered the earli-est. It has an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, which mainly includes cholesterol synthesis and transfer. Therefore, apoA-I is closely related to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Clinically, serum ApoA-I/ApoB has been used as one of the indexes of hyperlipidemia. This article reviewed the study progress in ApoA-I's gene polymorphism and its relationship with reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of oral cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on lymphangiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

METHODSCAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were obtained from the tissues of patients with OSCC who did not receive radio-chemotherapy before operation. And the CAFs and NFs were isolated by method of tissue block and identified by immunohistochemical staining. The effects of CAFs (group A) and NFs (group B) to human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLEC) were detected by using a 24-multiwell transwell cell culture chamber. DMEM sugar medium was as blank control group. The number of proliferative, migratory, invasive and tubes of HLEC were counted under inverted phase contrast microscope.

RESULTSThe proliferative number of HLEC of group A for 96, 144, 196 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01). The migratory and invasive number of HLEC of group A for 96 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01). The number of tube formation of HLEC of group A for 24 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCAFs promote HLEC's proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation, and these effects are stronger than NFs.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Endothelial Cells ; Fibroblasts ; physiology ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To investigate the significance of XAGE-1bmRNA expression in the blood specimens of patients with primary liver cancer, cirrhosis and benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. Methods Venous blood specimens of patients with primary liver cancer (n= 125), cirrhosis (n= 23), benign liver diseases (n= 34) and healthy individuals (n = 41 ) were collected. XAGE-1b mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The expression levels of XAGE-1b mRNA in patients with primary liver cancer, cirrhosis, benign liver diseases and healthy in dividuals were 3.72 (0.93, 10.2) ×10-5, 0 (0, 0. 56) ×10-5, 0 (0, 0)×10-5, 0 (0, 0) ×10-5, respectively. The XAGE-1b mRNA expression in patients with primary liver cancer was obviously higher than the patients with cirrhosis, benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. The expression levels for patients with cirrhosis was higher than patients with benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. The expression levels for patients with benign liver diseases and healthy individuals were similar. With a optimal cut-off value of 8. 385 × 10-7 , the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of XAGE-lb mRNA for diagnosing primary liver cancer were 80. 0%, 89.8%, 90.9% and 77.9% respectively. The positive rates for patients with primary liver cancer and cirrhosis were 80.0% and 30.4% respectively. Conclusion XAGE-lb mRNA can be used as a tumor marker for primary liver cancer. It contributes to the differentiation between primary liver cancer, cirrhosis and benign liver diseases.

Objective To study the clinical,imaging and pathological features of hepatic angiomyolipoma,and to investigate methods in improving the preoperative diagnosis rate.Methods The imaging features and treatment experience of 73 patients with hepatic angiomyolipoma who had been admitted to the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital from 2000 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were classified according to the imaging features and corresponding treatments were applied.Results Of all patients,7 were diagnosed preoperatively.The diagnostic rate of B ultrasound,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were 0,13%(7/56)and 6% (2/33),respectively.According to the results of imaging examination,6 patients were with the type of hemangioma,17 with the type of lipoma,4 with the type of leiomyoma and 46 with mixed type.One patient was treated by radiofrequeney ablation and 72 by surgical resection.Twenty-four patients were presented with pulmonary infection,pleural effusion,ascites or slight hepatic dysfunction.Postoperative immunohistochemical assay demonstrated that HMB45 had the highest positive expression rate,then followed by smooth muscle actin,vimentin,proliferating cell nuclear antigen,CD34,polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen,CD18,CD19 and p53.One patient died of postoperative tumor recurrence.Conclusions Hepatic angiomyolipoma is easy to be misdiagnosed,while imaging classification is helpful in the diagnosis.Surgical resection is beneficial to patients with hepatic angiomyolipoma.

Targeted drug combined with chemotherapy have become the trend in treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, one of the most common cancers worldwide. To date, nearly ten targeted drugs have been approved for clinical use, helping to extend patients' lifetime by months or even years. Meanwhile, with the exploration in etiology and molecular pathogenesis, new targeted drugs come forth continuously. However, problems remain in various aspects, such as ways to dealing with drug resistance, individualized drug choice and treatment decisions. This review article described the achievements and challenges in targeted therapy for colorectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix to treat patients with cervical cancer of stage Ⅰ a1 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade Ⅲ(CIN Ⅲ)who were unfit for conization surgery.Methods From July 2002 to May 2007,patients with cervical cancer at stage Ⅰ a1,diagnosed by pathology after loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP),large area CIN Ⅲ(the area of lesion≥3/4 on colposcopy),CIN Ⅲ coexisted with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN)in the superior segment of vagina,CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ recurrence or with residual lesion,positive margin after conization of cervix,who wanted to preserve fertility and(or)corpus uteri were selected to receive vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix.Results Forty-eight eases including 5 with cervical cancer in stage Ⅰ a1,38 with large area CIN Ⅲ(9 with gland involvement),2 with residual lesion and 2 with positive margin after LEEP,1 recurrence after cold knife conization,received the procedure successfully.The median age was 34 years(range 27-40),median operation time was 60 minutes(range 30-100),median blood loss was 40 ml(range 5-300),and median hospital stay was 10 days(range 7-17).After follow-up 1-39 months,no patient had postoperative complications and recurrence,and all patients resumed normal menstrual cycle and sexual life.Condusion Vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix appears to be a safe and feasible procedure for patients with cervical cancer at stage Ⅰ a1 and CIN Ⅲ who are unfit for conization surgery.

Aim To determine the effective compo-nents of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae for sedative-hypnotic and its mechanism. Methods The extraction of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae and the rat brain homogenates were prepared. High concentrations of Diazepam com-petitively replaced the ligand compounds of Semen Ziz-iphi Spinosae combining BDZ receptor in brain tissue, and all the compounds with sedative and hypnotic effects were collected and identified by HPLC and LC-MS technique, as the compounds extracted from the brain tissue were administered with Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae. The brain tissue was administered with Diaze-pam, and with Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Diazepam. Results The HPLC chromatograms show that the peak time of BDZ receptor ligand compounds was 2. 71 min and 46. 87min, when compared with Diazepam. And the LC-MS chromatograms display the relative molecu-lar weight of the ligand compounds was 274. 28 m/z, 453. 34 m/z,496. 34 m/z and 608. 38 m/z respective-ly. According to the fingerprint of Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae, these compounds may be fatty acid substances and lupine pill triterpene compounds. Conclusions On the basis of the principle of receptor ligand bind-ing, we established a way to quickly analyze and iden-tify the role of natural products in the same drug target compounds. The method not only can clearly define the effective components of natural products, but also clar-ify the mechanism of action of the compounds. The ac-tive ingredient of calm hypnosis in Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae may be fatty acid substances Palmitic acid ( C16 H32 O2 ) and lupine pill triterpene compounds Alphitolic acid( C30 H48 O4 ) and Spinosin( C28 H32 O15 ) . They exert their sedative and hypnotic effects by combining with BDZ receptor, and the research has laid a theoretical foundation for the further study about mechanism of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in predicting non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior among college students, and to analyze the influencing factors of NSSI behavior, thus providing a reference for promoting psychological well-being. Methods: In December 2022, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 835 college students from a university in Guizhou Province, China. The Adolescent Self-injury Scale, Family Function Assessment Scale, and Emotion Regulation Self-efficacy Scale were used to evaluate the participants. Demographic characteristics, family factors, and emotional factors were taken as independent variables, while the dependent variable was whether college students exhibited NSSI behavior. Machine learning algorithms, including Logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), decision trees, algorithm gradient boosting trees, random forests, and AdaBoost, were used to construct predictive models. Results: The detection rate of NSSI behavior among the college students was 23.23% (194 individuals). The NSSI behavior group scored higher than the non-NSSI behavior group in total family function, emotional communication, egoism, and family rules ( t=3.02, 3.35 , 2.23,2.87, P <0.05). On the other hand, the non-NSSI behavior group scored higher than the NSSI behavior group in total emotion regulation selfefficacy, managing negative emotion self-efficacy, and expressing positive emotion self-efficacy ( t=-5.04, -5.48 , -2.43, P <0.05). The recall rates of random forests, SVM, Logistic regression, decision trees, algorithm gradient boosting trees, and AdaBoost were 84.3% , 90.6%, 73.4%, 87.5%, 95.3%, 89.0%, respectively. The F1 scores were 84.4%, 92.1%, 71.2 %, 79.4%, 91.7%, 89.1% , respectively. The respective precision rates were 84.4%, 93.5%, 69.1%, 72.7%, 88.4%, 89.1 %. The AUC scores were 0.845, 0.922, 0.706, 0.776, 0.915, and 0.891, respectively. Conclusion Compared to the algorithm gradient boosting tree, random forest, Logistic regression, and AdaBoost models, the SVM model has a better predictive effect on whether college students in Guizhou Province exhibits NSSI behavior. It is recommended to use an appropriate model to identify students at risk of NSSI behavior as early as possible and provide psychological crisis interventions to promote their mental health.

OBJECTIVETo study the gene expression profile of liver of young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) treble genes mutant mice and disclose its relationship to hyperlipidemia and the following atherosclerotic lesion.

METHODSThe gene expression profile was investigated using cDNA microarray technique; the plasma total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) levels were analyzed by COD-PAP and GPO-PAP method. And morphological observations of the aorta were made.

RESULTSAmong the 4000 target genes, 92 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated in the treble genes mutants, compared with wild type control. Among the differentially expressed lipid metabolism related genes, cholesterol synthesis gene coding for farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase was down-regulated, while triglyceride metabolism gene e.g. pancreatic lipase related protein 1 gene (Pnliprp1) was up-regulated. Expression profile of carbohydrate, cell skeleton and immune related genes were also altered. On the other hand, in the plasma from the treble genes mutant mice at 5 weeks of age, hyperlipidemia was found to be combined with atheroslerotic lesion. All these biochemical and pathological changes were aggravated following aging.

CONCLUSIONThe data suggested that the multiple genes mutations, especially those involved in lipid metabolism, were contributing to the alteration of liver gene expression profile that might lead to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion in the young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) mutants.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Receptors, LDL ; genetics ; Receptors, Leptin ; genetics ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective: To understand the prevalence of HIV testing and related factors among young students who had sex in Guangdong Province, in order to provide evidence for relevant education programs and HIV testing promotion in young students. Methods: From September to December 2022, a convenient sampling method was used to select 48 749 young students from 16 universities and mechanic colleges in 6 cities including Guangzhou, Shantou, Maoming, Huizhou, Dongguan, and Zhongshan in Guangdong Province for online questionnaire survey. A total of 2 971 students who ever had sexual experiences were screened out, and the HIV testing situation and related factors were investigated by using the questionnaire designed by AIDS Prevention and Education Project for College Students of China STD and AIDS Prevention Association.The influencing factors of HIV testing were analyzed using Chi square test and multiple Logistic regression model. Results: Among students who had sexual experiences, 11.92% (354/2 971) were tested for HIV. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that among young sexual students, using psychoactive substances during sexual activity in the last 1 year ( OR =7.70), having first sex with the same sex ( OR =3.87), having commercial sex ( OR =2.37), having heard of PEP ( OR =2.20), having a high level of self assessed understanding of HIV testing ( OR =1.73), inconsistent use of condoms ( OR =1.56), being aware of HIV infection ( OR =1.53), being aware of HIV knowledge ( OR =1.51) were more likely to test for HIV, and females ( OR =0.39) were less likely to test for HIV ( P < 0.05). Conclusions The proportion of HIV testing is low among sexually active young students in Guangdong Province. Targeted interventions should be tailored to promote HIV testing coverage.