Objective To investigate a simple and safe method for correction of the flat nose tip with the short columella. Methods The flat nose tip with the extend strut graft was corrected by using the rib cartilage or Medpor and the secondary defect of columella was repaired with the free composite graft of ear lobe in 8 cases of rhinoplasties. Results The free composite graft of ear lobe survived well and the color was similar to the neighboring tissue. There was no obviously secondary deformation at the donor site in all the cases by following-up from 1 to 2 years. Conclusions It is a simple and effective method without secondary deformation to repair the short columella by using the free composite graft of ear lobe in rhinoplasty.

Objective To investigate a safe and effective method to correct the over rotation of nasal tip in rhinoplasty. Methods 16 cases, including 11 of primary and 5 of secondary over rotation of nasal tip, were corrected with strut grafts using autologous cartilage or combined with Medpor to reconstruct the supporting structures underneath to improve the upward and forward strength of the nasal tip in order to increase the nasal height and to correct the over rotation of of nasal tip. The shield and cap grafts were also used for the patients whose nasal tip were too low, with vertical dome division technique. Results 16 cases were corrected satisfactorily, the nasal lip angles were normal and there were no complications by follow-up from 6 months to 1 year. Conclusion It is necessary to provide powerful forward and upward strength to correct the over rotation of nasal tip effectively and safely, and proper cartilage grafts can im-prove the height of the nasal tip and correct the over rotation of the nasal tip further.

The molecular and cellular mechanisms of bone metastasis in prostate cancer remain unclear. Current researches focus on chemotaxis of tumor cells in bone metastasis, interactions between tumor cells and bone micro-environment as well as the vicious circle among tumor cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and bone matrix.

Objective To determine antiturbulent effect of the third-generation anti-HCV ELISA kit.Methods Anti-HCV ELISA kits from domestic and foreign manufacturer were used to detect the samles.Thost samples with positive results obtained using different anti-HCV ELISA kits from five manufacturers were further tested by HCV BLOT to determine which result would be true.Then RT-PCR would be done on the samples with anti-HCV “Indeterminate” by HCV BLOT.Results False positive rate of five kinds of anti-HCV ELISA kits on 268 selected weak positive samples were 0.37%～12.68%.The results from different anti-HCV ELISA kits showed markedly inconsistent.If any two kinds were combined to detect the samples,the false positive rates declined 0～2.2%(P

JB25 and JB26 are new HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and show potent anti-HIV activities. Sequential passage experiments with wild-type virus were performed to select and identify mutations induced by these two compounds in vitro. For the initial passage, compounds were present at approximately 2-fold IC50 in MT-2 cells. When cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in more than 75% of the cells, the culture supernatants were collected. For the subsequent passages, fresh MT-2 cells were infected with 1 mL supernatants from the previous passage (regardless of the virus titer) and cultured in the presence of the compounds at concentrations that were increased 2-fold compared with that in the previous passage. This procedure was repeated with increasing concentrations for 12 passages. JB25 had amino acid substitution L100I (TTA-->ATA) at passage 6, and then changed into 100 M (ATA-->ATG) at passage 12, which was rare mutation form and had not been reported. At the same time, Y188C (TAT-->TGT) mutation appeared at passage 10. For JB26, there was a L100I (TTA-->ATA) mutation at passage 10. In a word, JB25 and JB26 showed a low genetic barrier to the development of resistance, and the resistance to JB26 developed slower than JB25. The mutations selected by JB25 and JB26 were mainly associated with codons 188 and 100 of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Objective To investigate the expression of survivin and its relationship with that of caspase-3 in two stages of hemangioma and normal skin, and to explore the role of survivin in the patho-genesis of hemangioma. Methods A total of 50 cases of human dermal hemangioma and 8 eases of normal skin were analyzed for expression of survivin and caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry. Results The posi-tive ratio and average light density of survivin were obviously higher in proliferative hemangioma (0.2449±0.0135,0.7246±0.0747) than that in involutional hemangioma (0.1648±0.0217,0.5592±0.1601) and normal skin (0.1789±0.0126,0.4626±0.0961) (P<0.01). On the contrary, the expression of easpase-3 was up-regulated in involutional hemangioma (0.2386±0.0175, 0.4378±0.0593). Analysis of data also showed that there was a negative correlation between the average light density of survivin and caspase-3 (r=-0.95,P<0.01). Conclusions Survivin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hemangioma and has a negative relationship with easpase-3.

Objective:To obtain AP2/ERF genes from Brassica oleracea by using in silico cloning. Methods: AP2/ERF genes were cloned by retnieving the EST database and using the bioinformatics software with the Arabidopsis thaliana AP2/ERF as a querying probe. Results:Two AP2/ERF family transcriptional regulators (BoAP2/ERF1 and BoAP2/ERF2) were isolated from Brassica olera-cea by the in silico cloning method. Some characters of AP2/ERF protein were analyzed and predicted by the tools of bioinformatics in the following aspects including the composition of amino acid sequence, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, subcellular localization, secondary and tertiary structure of protein and function. Conclusion:Bioinformatical analysis shows BoAP2/ERF1 and BoAP2/ERF2 gene encode 40. 85kDa and 39. 44kDa protein with 371 and 352 amino acids. The domain is predicted to locate on nucleus. Sequence analysis indicates the protein may be involved in signaling transducer and stressing response roles in plantbiotic stresses.

Objective To detect kinematics and surface electromyography (sEMG) of upper limbs in normal children and motor-delayed children for clinical assessment. Methods From December, 2015 to June, 2016, twelve healthy children and thirteen children with motor de-velopmental delay less than two years old were analyzed kinematics with Motion Analysis system and sEMG. Results The angle of motion of right shoulder was more in the motor-delayed children than in the normal children (t=2.576, P<0.05). The difference of root mean square values of bilateral triceps brachii was more in the motor-delayed children than in the normal ones (t=2.448, P<0.05). Conclusion Detecting kinematics and sEMG may supply information for early personalized treatment strategy.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of 17 amino acid in sarcocarp of northeast Empetrum nigrum simultaneous-ly. METHODS:HPLC-ELSD method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters Symmetry C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 5.0 mmol/L heptafluorobutyric acid solution(containing 0.7% trifluoroacetic acid)-acetonitrile(gradient elution) at the flow rate of 2.0 L/min,the column temperature was 37 ℃,the drift tube temperature was set at 60 ℃. RESULTS:The line-ar ranges of glycine,serine,aminosuccinic acid,aminopropionic acid,threonine,glutamic acid,cystinol,diaminocaproic acid, histidine,arginine,proline,valine,methionine,oxyphenylaminopropionic acid,isoleucine,aminocaproic acid,phenylalanine were 0.0059-0.1877,0.0082-0.2628,0.0104-0.3328,0.0070-0.2227,0.0093-0.2978,0.0115-0.3678,0.0094-0.3004,0.0114-0.3655,0.0121-0.3880,0.0136-0.4355,0.0090-0.2878,0.0092-0.2930,0.0117-0.3730,0.0142-0.4530,0.0103-0.3280, 0.0103-0.3280 and 0.0129-0.4130 mg/mL(all r>0.9990). RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were not all less than 2.0%. Recoveries were 98.0%-101.2%(RSD<2.0%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:This method is simple,precision,stable and repeatable,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 17 amino acid in sarcocarp of northeast E. nigrum.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 exists in vivo as quasispecies, and one of the genome's characteristics is its diversity. During the antiretroviral therapy, drug resistance is the main obstacle to effective viral prevention. Understanding the molecular evolution process is fundamental to analyze the mechanism of drug resistance and develop a strategy to minimize resistance. Objective: The molecular evolution of drug resistance of one patient who had received reverse transcriptase inhibitors for a long time and had treatment which replaced Nevirapine with Indinavir was analyzed, with the aim of observing the drug resistance evolution pathway. Methods: The patient, XLF, was followed-up for six successive times. The viral populations were amplified and sequenced by single-genome amplification. All the sequences were submitted to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database for the analysis of genotypic drug resistance. Results: 149 entire protease and 171 entire reverse transcriptase sequences were obtained from these samples, and all sequences were identified as subtype B. Before the patient received Indinavir, the viral population only had some polymorphisms in the protease sequences. After the patient began Indinavir treatment, the variants carrying polymorphisms declined while variants carrying the secondary mutation G73S gained the advantage. As therapy was prolonged, G73S was combined with M46I/L90M to form a resistance pattern M46I/G73S/L90M, which then became the dominant population. 97.9% of variants had the M46I/G73S/L90M pattern at XLF6. During the emergence of protease inhibitors resistance, reverse transcriptase inhibitors resistance maintained high levels. Conclusion: Indinavir- resistance evolution was observed by single-genome amplification. During the course of changing the regimen to incorporate Indinavir, the G73S mutation occurred and was combined with M46I/L90M.