Objective:To explore whether lipopolysaccharide regulate TNF-? expression in cytotrophoblasts.Methods:Cytotrophoblasts were obtained from the villous tissues of normal abortions and cultured in serum-free FD medium.Lipopolysaccharide was added into the culture at concentrations of 0,25,50,100 and 200 ng/ml respectively.Levels of TNF-? were detected with confocal immunofluorescence technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Both confocal immunofluorescence technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that lipopolysaccharide promoted TNF-? expression in cytotrophoblasts. TNF-? levels in the medium with LPS at the concentrations above were(179.95?35.58),(334.75?74.09),(390.36?79.14),(447.72?27.81) and(482.37?39.14) pg/ml,respectively.The differences of TNF-? levels in the medium had statistical meanings and the value of P was less than 0.01.Conclusion:Lipopolysaccharide can induce TNF-? expression in cytotrophoblasts.

Local policy innovation is a distinct feature in the arena of public administration in China. Previous researches concerned with local policy innovation experience and policy introduction, but they pay little attention to the failure of policy innovations and their termination. This paper uses the theory and concept of public policy process to analyze the reasons for the quick termination process and its mechanism taking healthcare policy as a case study in Chongqing city. It concludes that relative policy strategy is closed in decision-making. The strategy of some special policy target groups as well as the mutual agitation between public and media agenda are the main reasons for the rap-id end of policy innovation. This study is helpful to understand the factors and logic mechanism of the quick termina-tion of local policy innovation as a special type of public policy change which is termed as short-lived and make more scientific healthcare policy decision making and reform in China.

Objective:To analyze the clinical application of Bozhi glycopeptides to provide reference for its rational use in clinics . Methods:The related literatures of Bozhi glycopeptides from the databases of CNKI , Wanfang and VIP were retrieved .The main clinical application ( the number of literatures on the same disease entities was above 3) and ADR were analyzed and evaluated .Results:A total of 163 literatures were found, including 137 clinical application and 11 ADR case reports.The disease with the number of literatures a-bove 3 included condyloma acuminatum (9 literatures), herpes zoster (6 literatures), hand-foot-mouth disease (6 literatures), psoriasis vulgaris (6 literatures), lung cancer (5 literatures), repeated respiratory infection (4 literatures) and hepatitis B (9 literatures), and the total number was 45.Among them, 32 literatures (1 772 cases) involved ADR, and 49 cases (2.77%) of ADR were reported, and the main performance was skin and its appendages damage (10 cases, 20.0%).Totally 11 ADR case reports mainly involved rigors and fever (13 cases, 37.2%).Conclusion:Bozhi glycopeptides as an adjuvant drug is mainly combined with other drugs to enhance the effi -cacy of mian drugs in clinical application , which shows low incidence of ADR mainly including skin and its appendages damage .

Objective To determine antiturbulent effect of the third-generation anti-HCV ELISA kit.Methods Anti-HCV ELISA kits from domestic and foreign manufacturer were used to detect the samles.Thost samples with positive results obtained using different anti-HCV ELISA kits from five manufacturers were further tested by HCV BLOT to determine which result would be true.Then RT-PCR would be done on the samples with anti-HCV “Indeterminate” by HCV BLOT.Results False positive rate of five kinds of anti-HCV ELISA kits on 268 selected weak positive samples were 0.37%～12.68%.The results from different anti-HCV ELISA kits showed markedly inconsistent.If any two kinds were combined to detect the samples,the false positive rates declined 0～2.2%(P

The molecular and cellular mechanisms of bone metastasis in prostate cancer remain unclear. Current researches focus on chemotaxis of tumor cells in bone metastasis, interactions between tumor cells and bone micro-environment as well as the vicious circle among tumor cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and bone matrix.

Objective To investigate a simple and safe method for correction of the flat nose tip with the short columella. Methods The flat nose tip with the extend strut graft was corrected by using the rib cartilage or Medpor and the secondary defect of columella was repaired with the free composite graft of ear lobe in 8 cases of rhinoplasties. Results The free composite graft of ear lobe survived well and the color was similar to the neighboring tissue. There was no obviously secondary deformation at the donor site in all the cases by following-up from 1 to 2 years. Conclusions It is a simple and effective method without secondary deformation to repair the short columella by using the free composite graft of ear lobe in rhinoplasty.

Objective To investigate a safe and effective method to correct the over rotation of nasal tip in rhinoplasty. Methods 16 cases, including 11 of primary and 5 of secondary over rotation of nasal tip, were corrected with strut grafts using autologous cartilage or combined with Medpor to reconstruct the supporting structures underneath to improve the upward and forward strength of the nasal tip in order to increase the nasal height and to correct the over rotation of of nasal tip. The shield and cap grafts were also used for the patients whose nasal tip were too low, with vertical dome division technique. Results 16 cases were corrected satisfactorily, the nasal lip angles were normal and there were no complications by follow-up from 6 months to 1 year. Conclusion It is necessary to provide powerful forward and upward strength to correct the over rotation of nasal tip effectively and safely, and proper cartilage grafts can im-prove the height of the nasal tip and correct the over rotation of the nasal tip further.

JB25 and JB26 are new HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and show potent anti-HIV activities. Sequential passage experiments with wild-type virus were performed to select and identify mutations induced by these two compounds in vitro. For the initial passage, compounds were present at approximately 2-fold IC50 in MT-2 cells. When cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in more than 75% of the cells, the culture supernatants were collected. For the subsequent passages, fresh MT-2 cells were infected with 1 mL supernatants from the previous passage (regardless of the virus titer) and cultured in the presence of the compounds at concentrations that were increased 2-fold compared with that in the previous passage. This procedure was repeated with increasing concentrations for 12 passages. JB25 had amino acid substitution L100I (TTA-->ATA) at passage 6, and then changed into 100 M (ATA-->ATG) at passage 12, which was rare mutation form and had not been reported. At the same time, Y188C (TAT-->TGT) mutation appeared at passage 10. For JB26, there was a L100I (TTA-->ATA) mutation at passage 10. In a word, JB25 and JB26 showed a low genetic barrier to the development of resistance, and the resistance to JB26 developed slower than JB25. The mutations selected by JB25 and JB26 were mainly associated with codons 188 and 100 of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Objective To analyze the relevance between the point-of-care testing (POCT) and routine test in BNP testing .Meth-ods The whole blood samples or plasma samples from 40 inpatients were detected brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) by the Alere Triage? MeterPro fluorescence immunoassay analyzer (POCT ) or the Beckman Coulter Access ?2 chemiluminescence analyzer (routine test) ,respectively .The acquired data were subjected to comparative analysis according to the CLCS EP 9-A2 .Results The linear regression of the BNP content in the blood samples detected by POCT and the routine test was good ,the correlation coeffi-cient(r) was 0 .999 7 .Conclusion POCT and the routine test have good correlation in BNP testing .POCT for BNP testing has higher reliability and is applicable for clinical detection .

The relation between patent applications and published papers in hospitals of Guangdong Province since 2000 on China Intellectual Property Network was analyzed , which showed that the quality and quantity of patents were lower in hospitals of Guangdong Province than in those of Shanghai and Beijing , the quality of patents was re-lated with the medical service level in hospitals, the patent applications were centralized in large class A hospitals of Guangzhou , and inventive patents were those of medical preparations .Suggestions were thus put forward for hos-pitals of Guangdong Province to improve their awareness of patent application, the quality of patents, transformation of patents, cooperation with patent service organizations, research of patent application, and balance of patent dis-tribution in different areas.