OBJECTIVETo study sesquiterpenoids of Coniogramme maxima.

METHODChemical constituents were separated by chromatography and their structures were identified according to physicochemical property and spectrum data.

RESULTFifteen compounds were separated by chromatography technique. Their structures were determined by spectral data, including 10 sesquiterpenoids as (3S)-pteroside D (1), epi-pterosin L (2), pterosin D (3), onitin (4), pterosin Z (5), onitisin (6), onitisin-glucopyranoside (7), onitin-15-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), (2S,3R)-pterosin-L-2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9) and (3R)-peterosin D-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10). The other compounds were uracil (11), 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (12), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde (13), beta-sitosterol (14) and daucosterol (15).

CONCLUSIONThe above 15 compounds are separated from C. maxima for the first time, including 9 compounds being first separated from genus Coniogramme.

Ferns ; chemistry ; Indans ; chemistry ; Indenes ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the hard and soft tissue changes associated with mandibular bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and genioplasty. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 40 patients who underwent either bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular setback (BSSO group, n = 20) or in combination with advancement genioplasty (Genio group, n = 20). Lateral radiographs, were taken before and immediately after surgery, and at least 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Comparing hard and soft tissue changes between the BSSO group and Genio group, there were significant differences in the lower incisor, soft tissue B point (B'), and soft tissue Pogonion (Pg') (p < 0.5). The mean ratio of hard and soft tissue changes for B/B', Pg/Pg', and Menton/soft tissue Menton after surgery in the BSSO group was 0.997, 0.965, and 1.022 respectively, and 0.824, 0.602, and 0.887 respectively in the genio group. Significant differences were found between the two groups. There were significant differences in lip thickness (B-B', Pg-Pg') in the Genioplasty group between pre and postsurgery, but not in the BSSO group. Pogonion to Labrale inferior and B' had a correlation coefficient of 0.833, 0.922, respectively for the BSSO group, and 0.775, 0.799 for the Genio group. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that there is a significant difference between bilateral sagittal split osteotomy with or without genioplasty in the lower facial esthetics values. The combination of mandibular setback and genioplasty had a smaller change in soft tissue thickness of the symphysis area after surgery than that of mandibular setback only.
Esthetics ; Genioplasty ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip ; Osteotomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sitosterols

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the skeletal stability after a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) setback of the mandible fixed with a biodegradable internal fixation device or metal internal fixation device. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients underwent mandibular setback via BSSO. Fifteen patients were fixed with a biodegradable internal fixation device or metal internal fixation device respectively. Posteroanterior (PA) and lateral cephalograms were taken preoperatively and at two days, 5.5 months and 14.5 months postoperatively. The relevant skeletal points were traced and digitized to evaluate the skeletal changes postoperatively. The relapse rates were analyzed and compared statistically. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant differences in postoperative stability between the two groups.(P<0.05) CONCLUSION: The biodegradable internal fixation device may make an effective device alternative to a metal internal fixation device for setback BSSO.
Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Mandible ; Osteotomy ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus ; Recurrence ; Sitosterols

OBJECTIVETo study chemical constituents of leaves from Discocleidion rufescens.

METHODColumn chromatography and spectroscapic methods were used to isolate and identify the constituents.

RESULTFifteen compounds were isolated and identified as chrysophanol (1), physcione (2), taraxerol (3), beta-sitosterol (4), daucosterol (5), scopoletin (6), apigenin (7), acacetin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (8), apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (9 ), luteolin (10), diosmetin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (11), luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (12), gallic acid (13), amentoflavone (14) and myo-inositol (15).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1, 2, 8, 11, 13 and 15 were isolated from the genus Discocleidion for the first time.

Euphorbiaceae ; chemistry ; Flavones ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Sitosterols ; analysis ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Oxytropis chiliophylla.

METHODThe air-dried whole plants of O. chiliophylla were extracted with EtOH (90%) three times at room temperature. The compounds were isolated by silica-gel, polyamide, C-18 and Sphadex LH -20 columns. The structures were identified based on spectral analysis.

RESULT8 compounds were isolated from O. chiliophylla and identified as azukisapogenol (1), (22E, 24R) -24-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (2), apigein (3), 3', 4'-dimethoxy-quercetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (4), 7, 3', 4'-trimethoxy-quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), (2S, 3S, 4R)-N-[(R)-2'-hydroxytetracosanoyl]-1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-2-amino-octadeca-6-ene (6), beta-sitosterol (7), daucosterol (8).

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were isolated from O. chiliophylla for the first time.

Oxytropis ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sapogenins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

In order to establish a method for the determination of the sterols of the oil in the freeze-dried acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and to evaluate its antioxidant activities, a saponification/extraction procedure and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis method were developed and validated for the analysis of phytosterols in PEE (Petroleum ether extract). Separation was achieved on a Purosper STAR LP C18 column with a binary, gradient solvent system of acetonitrile and isopropanol. Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was used to quantify β-sitosterol and the total sterols. Peak identification was verified by retention times and spikes with external standards. Standard curves were constructed (r = 0.999 2) to allow for sample quantification. Recovery of the saponification and extraction was demonstrated via analysis of spiked samples. The highest content of total sterols is β-sitosterol. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity assay (TOSC assay). The result showed that the PEE exhibited significant antioxidant properties, sample concentration and the antioxidant capacity had a certain relevance.
Antioxidants ; analysis ; Arecaceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Phytosterols ; analysis ; Sitosterols ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the leaves and stems of Aconitum coreanum.

METHODThe isolation and purification of chemical constituents were carried out on silica gel and polyamide column chromatographic. Their structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULTFive compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as guan-fu base I (1), guan-fu base R (2), beta-sitosterol (3), D-mannitol (4), daucosterol (5).

CONCLUSIONCompound 2 is a new compound. Compounds 1 and 3, 4 are isolated from the leaves and stems of A. coreanum for the first time.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Ehretia thyrsiflora.

METHODCompounds were isolated with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-C18 colum chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by means of physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (1), ethyl caffeate (2), 2-methoxyl benzoic acid octyl ester (3), tetradecenoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (4), daucoster (5), allantoin (6).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-5 were obtained from this species for the first time. Compounds 2-5 were obtained from the genus Ehretia for the first time.

Allantoin ; chemistry ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Alpinia jianganfeng (Zingiberaceae) distributed in Sichuan province.

METHODChromatography and spectral analyses were used to isolate the constituents and elucidate their structure.

RESULTFour compounds were isolated from the rhizome of A. jianganfeng and elucidated as kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide(1), docosanoic acid(2), 3-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one(3) and beta-sitosterol(4).

CONCLUSIONAll these compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Alpinia ; chemistry ; Fatty Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the corm of the planted Cremastra appendiculata.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR techniques.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated, and identified as isohircinol (I), flavanthrinin (II), p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol (III), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl alcohol (IV), daucosterol (V), beta-sitosterol (VI).

CONCLUSIONThese compounds were not previously isolated from this plant, and isohircinol (I) was obtained from natural source for the first time.

Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification